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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous Gel Formation by HTST Extrusion-Cooking: Soy Proteins (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 50 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The continuous production of gels of high moisture content is carried out by extrusion-cooking, with a residence time of 30-100 sec, using soy protein isolate as a model ingredient. The hot viscous extrudate can be collected in a mold, and gels upon cooling. The best texture characteristics are obtained with protein and water concentrations of 18 and 80% (wet basis), respectively, and extrusion temperatures of 150-160°C. The effects of acidification, addition of NaCl, CaCl2 or sucrose on gel texture are investigated. Extrusion-prepared soy gels melt reversibly upon further heating (120°C) and withstand frozen storage. Their texture and micro-structure are compared to those of soy gels prepared by conventional batch heating at 100-120°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1985.tb10457.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous Restructuring of Mechanically Deboned Chicken Meat by HTST Extrusion-Cooking (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 50 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The continuous restructuring of mechanically deboned chicken meat (MDM) was attempted using twin-screw extrusion-cooking at high moisture contents (50-80%), high temperatures (ca 150°C), short residence times (30-240 sec) and low pressures (below 6 bars). The hardness, cohesiveness and water-holding capacity of the nonexpanded moist extruded samples are optimal and resemble those of meat-loaf when 10-20% wheat flour or pregelatinized corn starch are added to MDM. Incorporation of 25% soy protein isolate gives a solid gel matrix containing dispersed meat particles. Scaling up this process could lead to the continuous production of simulated meat chunks or slices for use in canned or frozen dishes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1985.tb10478.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pre-orogenic volcanic assemblages and structure in the Western Cordillera of Ecuador between l°40'S and 2°20'S (1985)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 74 (1985), S. 343-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract A major reverse fault with a separation of at least a few thousand meters is exposed in the western Cordillera of Ecuador near 2°S.Ree and other incompatible elements patterns show (i) that the rocks exposed in the upthrust block to the east of the fault areMorb that had not yet been identified and (ii) that a volcanic island-arc assemblage extensively outcrops in the downthrust block west of the fault. The fault therefore bounds a steeply east-dipping thrustsheet comprising the arc and its basement. Thrustsheets of the same type are known farther north in Ecuador. They were stacked in a presently inactive subduction-zone during the early Tertiary when the island-arc, drifting from the west, finally collided with continental south America. The large dextral-slip Guayaquil-Dolores fault system, traditionally but possibly erroneously thought to be the suture-zone between continental south America and the oceanic allochthone blocks collided during the Cretaceous and Tertiary, subsequently disrupted most of that structural arrangement.
    Abstract: Résumé Une faille inverse exposée dans la cordillère occidentale de l'Equateur vers 2°S a un rejet de plusieurs milliers de mètres. L'étude géochimique des terres rares et autres éléments incompatibles permet de reconnaître à l'est de la faille des tholéiites de ride médio-océanique jusqu'alors non identifiées, alors que les diabases, andésites et rhyolites présentes à l'ouest de la faille appartiennent à une formation d'arc insulaire. Cette faille délimite donc une écaille de socle à fort pendage vers l'est. D'autres écailles de ce type sont connues plus au nord en Equateur. Elles se sont imbriquées au début du Tertiaire dans une paléozone de subduction, lors de la collision de l'arc insulaire, venu de l'ouest, avec le continent sud-américain. Ce dispositif structural a été ensuite oblitéré en majeure partie par le systême faillé dextre de Guayaquil-Dolores, qui passe classiquement, mais probablement à tort, pour être la suture entre l'Amérique du sud continentale et les blocs allochtones à substratum océanique collés au continent et/ou obductés durant le Crétacé et le Tertiaire.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Gesteine einer bei 2° Südlicher Breite in der Westkordillere Ecuadors zu Tage tretenden und um mehrere tausend Meter versetzten Verwerfung wurden in geochemischer Hinsicht untersucht. Die Verteilung der seltenen Erden und der anderen inkompatiblen Elemente in den Proben zeigte östlich dieser Verwerfung das Vorkommen von Tholeiiten desMorb-Typs auf, deren Auftreten hier bis jetzt unbekannt war. Außerdem konnten die westlich der Verwerfung auftretenden Diabase, Andesite und Rhyolite dem Typ eines Inselbogens zugeordnet werden. Diese Verwerfung begrenzt infolgedessen eine stark nach Osten einfallende Schuppe des Sockels. Andere Schuppen dieser Art treten weiter im Norden Ecuadors auf, wo sie zu Beginn des Tertiärs während des Zusammentreffens des von Westen ankommenden, aus der Kreidezeit stammenden Inselbogens mit dem südamerikanischen Kontinent in eine Paläosubduktionszone eingebettet worden sind. Dieses Strukturgefüge ist anschließend zum größten Teil durch das System der rechtsseitigen Verwerfungen von Guayaquil — Dolores verdeckt worden. Dieses System wird für gewöhnlich — aber wahrscheinlich zu Unrecht — für die Nahtstelle des kontinentalen Südamerikas und der während der Kreidezeit und des Tertiärs gegen den Kontinent sto– Benden und/oder obduzierten allochtonen Blöcke ozeanischen Substrats gehalten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01824901
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    2,2′-Bifurylidene-5,5′-diones, Coumarins, 3a, 7a-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ones, and 5H-furo[3,2-b]pyran-5-ones from propyne and carbon monoxideDedicated to Dr. G. Ohloff on the occasion of his 65th birthday (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 72 (1989), S. 811-824 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The [Co2 (CO)8]-catalyzed reaction between propyne and CO in acetone at 110° and 170 bar was re-investigated. There are five major products: (E)-3,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bifurylidene-5,5′-dione (4), 3,5,8-trimethylcoumarin (8), 3a, 7a-dihydro-2,4,7,7a-tetramethyl-1H-inden-1-one (9), 2,6-dimethyl-5H-furo [3,2, -b]- pyran-5-one (11), and 2,7-dimethyl-5H-furo 3,2-b-pyran-5-one (12); of these, only one, 4. had previously been recognized. In parallel experiments were obtained 2,6-dipentyl-5 H-furo[3,2-b]pyran-5-one (13), 2,7-dipentyl-5H-furo[3,2-b]pyran-5-one (14), 3a, 7a-dihydro-2,4,7,7a-tetrapentyl-1H-inden-1-one (15). And 3a, 7a-dihydro-2,4,6,7a-tetrapentyl-1H-inden-1-one (16) from hept-1-yne, and two further types of products from two atypical 1-alkynes: 3,6,9-tri(tert-butyl)-1-oxaspiro[4.4]nona-3,6,8-trien-2-one (20) from (tert-butyl)acetylene and the exo-dimer 21 of 2,5-bis(trimethylsilyl)cyclopenta-2,4-dien-1-one (22) from (trimethylsilyl)acetylene. Compounds 11,12, and 20 were identified by X-ray analysis.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19890720423
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