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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gaster flagging by fire ants (Solenopsis spp.): Functional significance of venom dispersal behavior (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 11 (1985), S. 1757-1768 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Ants ; Solenopsis invicta ; Hymenoptera ; Formicidae ; gaster flagging ; alkaloids ; defensive behavior ; venom ; antibiotic ; caste
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Behavioral and chemical studies with laboratory colonies indicate that the imported fire antSolenopsis invicta Buren (Myrmicinae) disperses venom through the air by raising and vibrating its gaster (i.e., “gaster flagging”). This mechanism of airborne venom dispersal is unreported for any ant species. Foraging workers utilize this air-dispersed venom (up to 500 ng) to repel heterospecifics encountered in the foraging arena, while brood tenders dispense smaller quantities (∼ 1 ng) to the brood surface, presumably as an antibiotic. Brood tenders removed from the brood cell and tested in heteropspecific encounters in the foraging arena exhibited the complete repertoire of agonistic gaster flagging behavior. These observations suggest that airborne venom dispersal by workers is context specific rather than temporal caste specific and that workers can control the quantity of venom released.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012125
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical and behavioral evidence foe hybridization between fire ants,Solenopsis invicta andSolenopsis richteri (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 15 (1989), S. 1757-1765 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Fire ants ; Solenopsis invicta ; Solenopsis richten ; Hymenoptera ; Formicidae ; trail pheromone ; hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Behavioral and biochemical evidence is presented for hybridization between the fire ants,Solenopsis richteri andS. invicta. The response of the two species to extracts of their trail pheromones presented as a point source is clearly species-specific; however, hybrid workers responded to parental Dufour's gland extracts and parental workers responded to Dufour's gland extracts of the hybrid. The behavioral evidence for hybridization was confirmed by gas Chromatograph comparison of the Dufour's gland extracts of the three fire ant forms, which showed a pattern for the hybrid that was intermediate to the two parental species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012263
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal changes in colony cuticular hydrocarbon patterns ofSolenopsis invicta (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 15 (1989), S. 2115-2125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Solenopsis invicta ; Hymenoptera ; Formicidae ; cuticular hydrocarbons ; nestmate recognition ; colony odor ; temporal changes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Heritable cuticular hydrocarbon patterns ofSolenopsis invicta workers are consistent within colonies for a given sampling time but vary sufficiently from colony to colony to distinguish the colonies from each other. In addition, cuticular hydrocarbon patterns change within colonies over time. Nestmate recognition cues found on the individual's cuticle, can be from heritable or environmental sources, and are a subset of colony odor. The cuticular hydrocarbons can be used as a model for heritable nestmate recognition cues. We propose that because potential nestmate recognition cues, both environmental and genetic, are dynamic in nature rather than static, during its lifetime a worker must continually update its perception (template) of colony odor and nestmate recognition cues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01207442
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of the trail recruitment pheromone ofSolenopsis invicta (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 14 (1988), S. 825-838 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Solenopsis invicta ; Hymenoptera ; Formicidae ; imported fire ant ; Dufour's gland ; trail pheromone ; pheromone ; (Z,E)-a-farnesene ; sesquiterpene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract TheSolenopsis invicta trail pheromone is synthesized by the Dufour's gland and is released through the sting apparatus. The recruitment subcategory of theS. invicta trail pheromone was shown to be composed of a mixture of the orientation pheromone, (Z,E)-α-farnesene and an unidentified homosesquiterpene consisting of three rings and one double bond (C-1). C-1 is present in worker Dufour's glands at only 75 pg per worker equivalent. This is the first report that demonstrates that different exocrine products from the same gland control different subcategories of behavior related to mass recruitment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01018776
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical mimicry in a parasitoid (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae) of fire ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 15 (1989), S. 2247-2261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Parasite ; fire ant ; Solenopsis invicta ; Orasema ; Hymenoptera ; Formicidae ; mimicry ; nestmate recognition ; cuticular hydrocarbons ; Eucharitidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A wasp (Orasema sp.) parasitic on the fire ant,Solenopsis invicta Buren, develops to the adult stage within the ant colony, where wasp larvae are ectoparasitic on ant pupae. This phase of the parasite's life cycle requires a mechanism of integration into the host colony. Gas Chromatographic profiles of hexane soaks of various stages of the parasite and host suggest that during development within the ant colony the parasite acquires the colony odor of the host through a passive mechanism, based on simple contact and other social interactions. No parasite-specific components were observed. After leaving the host nest as adults, the parasite biosynthesizes a parasite-specific cuticular compound, while retaining residual amounts of the host acquired components. This complicated scenario is consistent with current knowledge of nestmate recognition and the preferential treatment of ant workers to their brood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01014113
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