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  • Articles  (19)
  • Engineering General  (8)
  • Rats  (5)
  • Lucilia cuprina  (4)
  • Male
  • 1985-1989  (19)
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  • Articles  (19)
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  • 1
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1988-09-09
    Description: A karyotypic analysis was performed on seven independently derived clones of primary rat embryo cells transformed by the ras oncogene plus the cooperating oncogene myc. The transfected oncogenes were sometimes present in amplified copy number, with heterogeneity in the levels of amplification. Some chromosomal features, such as aberrantly banding regions and double-minute chromosomes, typical of cells carrying amplified genes, were also seen in three of the seven cell lines. Underlying this heterogeneity there was an unexpected finding. All seven lines showed a common integration site for ras on the q arm of rat chromosome 3 (3q12), though some lines also had other sites of integration. In four of the lines integration of ras was accompanied by deletion of the p arm of chromosome 3 or its possible translocation to chromosome 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McKenna, W G -- Nakahara, K -- Muschel, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 9;241(4871):1325-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3045971" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Gene Amplification ; *Genes, ras ; Oncogenes ; Rats ; Recombination, Genetic ; Transformation, Genetic ; Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1987-01-16
    Description: Digital imaging of calcium indicator signals (fura-2 fluorescence) from single cardiac cells has revealed different subcellular patterns of cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i) that are associated with different types of cellular appearance and behavior. In any population of enzymatically isolated rat heart cells, there are mechanically quiescent cells in which [Ca2+]i is spatially uniform, constant over time, and relatively low; spontaneously contracting cells, which have an increased [Ca2+]i, but in which the spatial uniformity of [Ca2+]i is interrupted periodically by spontaneous propagating waves of high [Ca2+]i; and cells that are hypercontracted (rounded up) and that have higher levels of [Ca2+]i than the other two types. The observed cellular and subcellular heterogeneity of [Ca2+]i in isolated cells indicates that experiments performed on suspensions of cells should be interpreted with caution. The spontaneous [Ca2+]i fluctuations previously observed without spatial resolution in multicellular preparations may actually be inhomogeneous at the subcellular level.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wier, W G -- Cannell, M B -- Berlin, J R -- Marban, E -- Lederer, W J -- HL25675/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL29473/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jan 16;235(4786):325-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3798114" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Benzofurans ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cell Compartmentation ; Fura-2 ; In Vitro Techniques ; Myocardial Contraction ; Myocardium/*cytology/metabolism ; Rats ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1987-11-06
    Description: Stimulation of one side of the olfactory system during training with odor-milk pairings in neonatal rats results in their ability to recall an odor memory by using the trained but not the untrained side of the brain. In 12-day-old rats, olfactory learning can be recalled by stimulation of either the trained or untrained side. The development of bilateral recall reflects the maturation of olfactory commissural pathways that provide access to the olfactory memory stored on the contralateral side. Furthermore, the commissural pathways need not be present at the time of memory formation but can establish new and specific access to already existing olfactory memories.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kucharski, D -- Hall, W G -- HD17458/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- MH09436/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Nov 6;238(4828):786-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27706.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3672125" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Brain/growth & development/physiology ; Central Nervous System/*growth & development ; Functional Laterality ; *Memory ; Milk ; *Odors ; Olfactory Pathways/*growth & development/physiology ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 39 (1985), S. 85-90 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Lucilia cuprina ; Diptera ; Calliphoridae ; oocyte resorption ; maturation ; development rates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les taux de développement ovarien de L. cuprina sont déterminés par la température ambiante, et la femelle exige un minimum de 57 degrés-jours audessus de 8°C pour développer son premier lot d'oeufs. Le nombre d'ovocytes qu'une femelle peut former dépend de sa taille et de la quantité d'aliments riches en protéines absorbées. Dans les conditions de la nature, les femelles obtiennent normalement suffisamment de protéines pour atteindre la maturité mais rarement l'ensemble de leur contingent d'oeufs se développe totalement, c'est à dire que la majorité des femelles résorbé une partie de ses ovocytes. La résorption des ovocytes prolonge la période de maturation d'environ 0,3 dégre-jour par ovocyte résorbé. Un modèle de taux de développement ovarien est proposé qui incorpore les retards dus à la résorption et utilise les régimes de température ambiante pour évaluer les âges physiologiques et les taux de maturation des femelles dans la nature.
    Notes: Abstract Rates of ovarian development in L. cuprina are determined by ambient temperatures and females require a minimum of 57 day degrees above 8°C to mature their first complement of eggs. The number of oocytes that a female can mature depends on her size and the amount of protein-rich material ingested. Under field conditions, females usually obtain sufficient protein to reach maturity but rarely mature their full egg complements (Vogt et al., 1985), i.e., most females resorb some of their oocytes. Oocyte resorption prolongs the maturation period by approximately 0.3 day degrees/oocyte resorbed. A model of ovarian development rates is presented which incorporates resorption delays and uses ambient temperature regimes to estimate the physiological ages and maturation rates of field females.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Lucilia cuprina ; Diptera ; Calliphoridae ; oocyte resorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Chez Lucilia cuprina Wied., le nombre d'ovarioles, et ainsi le nombre maximum d'oeufs développés au cours de chaque cycle ovarien, est une fonction linéaire de la taille de l'adulte (largeur de la tête). La largeur moyenne de la tête des femelles de la nature est 3 mm (2,3 à 3,5) et la fécondité potentielle moyenne par cycle de 232 oeufs (111 à 318). La fécondité réelle est influencée par la qualité et la quantité de protéines dans le régime alimentaire. Toutes les femelles de la nature semblent avoir les mêmes exigences minimales en protéines pour la maturation des ovocytes, c'est à dire que quelle que soit leur taille (fécondité potentielle) les femelles doivent obtenir les protéines suffisantes à la formation d'au moins 110 ovocytes pour devenir gravides. Les femelles dont l'absorption de protéines dépasse ce minimum, mais est insuffisant pour permettre la maturation de la totalité de leurs ovocytes, en résorbent quelques uns et conduisent à maturité le reste. Puisque la fécondité potentielle augmente avec la taille des mouches, les grosses femelles résorbent plus d'ovocytes que les petites avec un régime suboptimal en protéines, c'est à dire que la proportion d'ovocytes résorbés augmente avec la taille des mouches. Dans les conditions de la nature, la totalité des ovocytes parvient rarement à maturité, ce qui indique une limitation générale en aliments riches en protéines. La réduction moyenne de la fécondité chez les femelles de la nature a été au cours de cette étude de 53.4 oeufs par cycle (23,2%).
    Notes: Abstract In the Australian sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina, the number of ovarioles, and hence the maximum number of eggs developed in each ovarian cycle, is a linear function of adult size (headwidth). Field females have a mean headwidth of 3.0 mm (range=2.30–3.50 mm) and a mean potential fecundity/cycle of 232 eggs (range=111–318 eggs). Realised fecundity is influenced by the quality and amount of protein in the adult diet. All field females appear to have the same minimum protein requirement for egg maturation, i.e., whatever their size (potential fecundity) females must obtain sufficient protein to mature at least 110 eggs in order to become gravid. Females whose protein intake exceeds this minimum but falls short of the amount needed for maturation of their full egg complements resorb some of their oocytes and mature the remainder. Since potential fecundity increases with fly size, large females resorb more oocytes than small females under suboptimal protein regimes, i.e., the proportion of oocytes resorbed increases with fly size. Under field conditions, females rarely matured full complements of eggs, which indicates a general shortage of protein-rich material. The mean reduction in fecundity of field females during these studies was 53.4 eggs/cycle (23.2%).
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Lucilia cuprina ; blowfly ; autogenous ; anautogenous ; survival ; food deprivation ; females
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La grande majorité des femelles de L. cuprina est anautogène. Cependant, l'observation de femelles autogènes dans la nature, et la sélection au laboratoire d'une lignée autogène à partir d'une souche anautogène indique que cette espèce est susceptible de devenir autogène. Le stade de développement ovarien des femelles capturées dans la nature montre que l'habitat est généralement carencé en aliments riches en protéines susceptibles de permettre le développement ovarien de L. cuprina. Dans de telles conditions, les femelles autogènes devraient être avantagées; leur très grande rareté indique que certains désavantages doivent être associés au génotype autogène. On a constaté que les femelles autogénes qui viennent d'émerger ont une teneur en eau plus faible que les anautogènes; ceci suggère que l'un des coûts possibles de l'autogénie pourraît être une aptitude réduite à supporter les périodes de privation d'eau suivant l'émergence. Pour cette raison, la survie de femelles sauvages anautogènes a été comparée à celles de lignées autogènes sélectionnées au laboratoire, en absence de sucrose, en présence ad lib. de sucrose, ou sans eau ni sucre. Pouvues uniquement de sucrose, les femelles anautogènes survivent 12 heures de plus que les autogènes, tandis qu'en présence exclusive d'eau les femelles autogènes survivent 19 heures de plus. En absence de sucrose et d'eau les femelles anautogènes survivent environ 5 heures de plus. Il semble que la mortalité des femelles autogènes privées totalement d'aliments est due principalement à un stress hydrique, tandis que le sucrose et le stress hydrique ensemble paraissent jouer un rôle dans la mort des femelles anautogènes. Ces résultats montrent que l'autogénie des femelles peut être un désavantage lors des conditions sèches fréquentes dans l'aire de cette espèce.
    Notes: Abstract The vast majority of wild-type females of Lucilia cuprina are anautogenous. The survival of wild-type anautogenous females following emergence was compared with that of females from laboratory-selected autogenous strains, when deprived of sucrose and given ad lib access to water, deprived of water and given ad lib access to sucrose, or deprived of both water and sucrose. Anautogenous females survived substantially longer than autogenous females when only sucrose was supplied, but the opposite applied when the flies were supplied with water only. Anautogenous females survived somewhat longer than autogenous females in the absence of both sucrose and water. Thus, autogenous females might be at a disadvantage in the dry conditions which often prevail in areas occupied by the species.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 870-879 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Genetic control ; Simulation ; Translocation ; Sterile male ; Lucilia cuprina
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A computer program, GENCON, designed to simulate genetic control using field-female killing systems, is described. These systems incorporate sex-linked translocations and conditional lethal mutations. Genetic death in field populations is caused by semisterility of the translocation and by homozygosis of the mutations in females and non-translocation males of field origin. Simulations using the program compare the effectiveness, in populations regulated by density, of genetic control using this type of system with control using sterile-male release. At high release rates, sterile males cause more rapid suppression and earlier eradication than sex-linked translocation strains. However, if releases are interrupted before eradication, the rate of recovery of density-dependent populations is more rapid following sterile-male release than following suppression with translocation strains. In such populations, the cumulative population suppression (number of individuals killed) is greater with translocation-strain release than with sterile-male release. At low release rates, sex-linked translocation strains can be much more effective at suppressing and eradicating density-dependent populations than sterile males. In continental Australia, eradication of the sheep blowfly Lucilia cuprina is probably not practicable. A suppression campaign using sex-linked translocation strains could yield a higher benefit to cost ratio than one using sterile males.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 5 (1985), S. 1047-1057 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Transonic Flow ; Modified Potential ; Finite Elements ; Non-isentropic Flow ; Conservative Method ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The classical potential formulation of inviscid transonic flows is modified to account for non-isentropic effects. The density is determined in terms of the speed as well as the pressure, which in turn is calculated from a second-order mixed-type equation derived via differentiating the momentum equations.The present model differs in general from the exact inviscid Euler equations since the flow is assumed irrotational. On the other hand, since the shocks are not isentropic, they are weaker and are placed further upstream compared to the classical potential solution. Furthermore, the streamline leaving the aerofoil does not necessarily bisect the trailing edge.Results for the present conservative calculations are presented for non-lifting and lifting aerofoils at subsonic and transonic speeds and compared to potential and Euler solutions.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 7 (1987), S. 17-27 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Finite Element ; Navier-Stokes Stream ; Function Vorticity ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The incompressible, two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are solved by the finite element method (FEM) using a novel stream function/vorticity formulation. The no-slip solid walls boundary condition is applied by taking advantage of the simple implementation of natural boundary conditions in the FEM, eliminating the need for an iterative evaluation of wall vorticity formulae. In addition, with the proper choice of elements, a stable scheme is constructed allowing convergence to be achieved for all Reynolds numbers, from creeping to inviscid flow, without the traditional need for upwinding and its associated false diffusion. Solutions are presented for a variety of geometries.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Applied Numerical Methods 3 (1987), S. 327-333 
    ISSN: 0748-8025
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In Reference 1, a summary of results of numerical solutions to steady-state laminar flows in an expanding planar channel from 15 research groups was presented. Both vorticity and pressure values computed along a wall of the channel were compared. This paper presents some possible explanations for the wide discrepancies in these computed results.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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