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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (7)
  • Earthquake precursor: prediction research  (2)
  • 1985-1989  (9)
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Year
  • 1
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    Are earthquakes deterministic or chaotic ? (1989)
    In:  Eos, Trans., Am. Geophys. Un., Basel, Inst. f. Geophys., Ruhr-Univ. Bochum, vol. 70, no. 41, pp. 880-882, pp. 1517, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: Chaotic behaviour ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; FractureT ; Non-linear effects ; Proceedings of a conference ; report
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    A fractal approach to probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (1989)
    In:  Tectonophys., Taipei, EGS, vol. 167, no. 2, pp. 171-177, pp. 8039, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: FractureT ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake precursor: statistical anal. of seismicity
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    Implications of Convection in the Moon and the Terrestrial Planets (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-08
    Description: The early evolution of the Moon and its implications for the early evolution of the Earth was studied. The study is divided into two parts: (1) studies of core formation. Cosmochemical studies strongly favor a near-homogeneous accretion of the Earth. It is shown that core segregation probably occurred within the first 10,000 years of Earth history. It is found that dissipative heating may be a viable mechanism for core segregation if sufficiently large bodies of liquid iron can form; (2) early thermal evolution of the Earth and Moon. The energy associated with the accretion of the Earth and the segregation of the core is more than sufficient to melt the entire Earth. The increase in the mantle liquidus with depth (pressure) is the dominant effect influencing heat transfer through the magma ocean. It is found that a magma ocean with a depth of 100 km would have existed as the Earth accreted. It is concluded that this magma ocean zone refined the earth resulting in the simultaneous formation of the core and the atmosphere during accretion. The resulting mantle was a well-mixed solid with a near pyrolite composition.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA, Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. and Geophys. Program, 1984; p 211
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Crustal deformation: Earth vs Venus (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: It is timely to consider the possible tectonic regimes on Venus both in terms of what is known about Venus and in terms of deformation mechanisms operative on the earth. Plate tectonic phenomena dominate tectonics on the earth. Horizontal displacements are associated with the creation of new crust at ridges and destruction of crust at trenches. The presence of plate tectonics on Venus is debated, but there is certainly no evidence for the trenches associated with subduction on the earth. An essential question is what kind of tectonics can be expected if there is no plate tectonics on Venus. Mars and the Moon are reference examples. Volcanic constructs appear to play a dominant role on Mars but their role on Venus is not clear. On single plate planets and satellites, tectonic structures are often associated with thermal stresses. Cooling of a planet leads to thermal contraction and surface compressive features. Delamination has been propsed for Venus by several authors. Delamination is associated with the subduction of the mantle lithosphere and possibly the lower crust but not the upper crust. The surface manifestations of delamination are unclear. There is some evidence that delamination is occurring beneath the Transverse Ranges in California. Delamination will certainly lead to lithospheric thinning and is likely to lead to uplift and crustal thinning.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst., Abstracts for the Venus Geoscience Tutorial and Venus Geologic Mapping Workshop; p 49
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    A heat-pipe mechanism for volcanism and tectonics on Venus (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A heat-pipe mechanism is proposed for the transport of heat through the lithosphere of Venus. This mechanism allows the crust and lithosphere on Venus to be greater than 150 km. thick. A thick basaltic crust on Venus is expected to transform eclogite at a depth of 60 to 80 km; the dense eclogite would contribute to lithospheric delamination that returns the crust to the interior of the planet completing the heat-pipe cycle. Topography and the associated gravity anomalies can be explained by Airy compensation of the thick crust. The principal observation that is contrary to this hypothesis is the mean age of the surface that is inferred from crater statistics; the minimum mean age is about 130 Myr and this implies an upper limit of 2 cubic kilometers per year for the surface volcanic flux. If the heat-pipe mechanism was applicable on the Earth in the Archean it would provide the thick lithosphere implied by isotopic data from diamonds.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA-CR-184791 , NAS 1.26:184791
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Implications of isotope data for the origin of the moon (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Lunar isotope data are studied in terms of lunar reservoir models. An analysis is performed to determine how the samarium-neodymium and rubidium-strontium systems evolve in terms of a two-reservoir model. Isotope data from lunar rocks show much more variability than similar data from terrestrial rocks. The midocean ridge basalts yield consistent isotope signatures on a worldwide basis suggesting that vigorous mantle convection has mixed and homogeneized the upper mantle beneath the lithosphere plates. The variability of the lunar data is taken as evidence for distinct source regions which in effect support a relatively cool origin of the moon.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Thermal structure of the accreting earth (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The energy associated with the accretion of the earth and the segregation of the core is more than sufficient to melt the entire earth. In order to understand the thermal evolution of the early earth it is necessary to study the relevant heat transfer mechanisms. In this paper the existence of a global magma ocean is postulated and calculations are carried out of the heat flux through it in order to determine its depth. In the solid mantle heat is transferred by the upward migration of magma. This magma supplies the magma ocean. The increase in the mantle liquidus with depth (pressure) is the dominant effect influencing heat transfer through the magma ocean. It is found that a magma ocean with a depth of the order of 20 km would have existed as the earth accreted. It is concluded that the core segregated and an atmosphere was formed during accretion.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research, Supplement (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; C541-C54
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    A heat-pipe mechanism for volcanism and tectonics on Venus (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: A heat-pipe mechanism is proposed for the transport of heat through the lithosphere of Venus. This mechanism allows the crust and lithosphere on Venus to be greater than 150 km thick. A thick basaltic crust on Venus is expected to transform eclogite at a depth of 60 to 80 km; the dense eclogite would contribute to lithospheric delamination that returns the crust to the interior of the planet completing the heat-pipe cycle. Topography and the associated gravity anomalies can be explained by Airy compensation of the thick crust. The principal observation that is contrary to this hypothesis is the mean age of the surface that is inferred from crater statistics; the minimum mean age is about 130 Myr and this implies an upper limit of 2 cubic kilometers per year for the surface volcanic flux. If the heat-pipe mechanism was applicable on the earth in the Archean it would provide the thick lithosphere implied by isotopic data from diamonds.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 94; 2779-278
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Tectonic implications of radiogenic noble gases in planetary atmospheres (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: An account is given of the ways in which the He-4 and Ar-40 radiogenic isotopes furnish important constraints on planetary interior tectonics. In the case of the earth, where there are such independent constraints on radiogenic isotope concentrations as observed surface heat flow, the specification of radiogenic isotope concentration allows the interpretation of data on the Ar-40 atmospheric mass and mantle He-4 in terms of models for the entire mantle and of layered mantle convection. He loss rate estimates through the Venus atmosphere indicate a flux that is nearly equal to that through the earth atmosphere.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035); 74; 36-46
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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