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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 44 (1987), S. 177-185 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: spotted alfalfa aphid ; Therioaphis trifolii ; aphid-resistant plants ; lucerne = alfalfa ; Medicago sativa ; variation ; bioassay ; antibiosis non-preference ; inter-plant movement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'étude de la multiplication initiale des effectifs de T. trifolii, élevés au laboratoire sur pousses de différents pieds de luzerne, a servi de test d'antibiose pour les cultures en plein champ. La distribution de l'antibiose, dans des échantillons importants de plantes appartenant à des cultivars sélectionnés pour leur résistance aux pucerons, a présenté une forme en J, c'est-à-dire que la majorité des plantes était très résistante, quelques unes apparemment sensibles, et un certain nombre intermédiaires entre ces deux extrêmes. Pour un niveau donné d'antibiose, la reproduction, la mortalité et ainsi la distribution initiale en âges dans les populations de pucerons ont été généralement identiques. La multiplication végétative de plantes présentant un gradient de résistance à l'intérieur d'un cultivar et l'utilisation d'un plan de distribution des boutures ont permis l'étude de ce qui semble être l'effet de l'hétérogénéité spatiale sur la résistance des cultures aux attaques de pucerons. La simulation d'une invasion de la culture par les pucerons en plaçant des adulte sur toutes les boutures d'un rang ne pouvait donner une explication de la croissance de la population que si les pucerons se déplacaient le long du rang pour découvrir et exploiter les pieds les plus sensibles. Une distribution par taches, comme on peut l'envisager dans un champ, ne devrait pas gêner les pucerons, car bien que les mouvements d'évasion soient stimulés par les niveaux de résistance élevés (de non-préférence), on peut en déduire que les pucerons se déplaceront sur des plantes très résistantes, eventuellement pour atteindre des plantes moins résistantes placées derriere.
    Notes: Abstract Initial population growth of spotted alfalfa aphid reared on shoots cut from individual lucerne plants, was tested and used as a realistic bioassay of antibiosis. Within cultivars selected for aphid-resistance there was a J-shaped distribution of antibiosis between plants of the crop, the majority being highly resistant, a few apparently susceptible and a proportion partly-resistant. For a given level of antibiosis, reproduction, mortality and thus initial age distribution of aphid populations were generally similar. Vegetative cloning of plants from the range of resistance available in a cultivar has allowed studies of the likely effect of spatial variation of resistance in crops on aphid infestations, using experimental arrays of cut shoots. Simulation of aphid invasion of crops by the placement of adults on all shoots of an array gave results explicable only if the aphids moved through the array to find and breed on the more susceptible plants. A patchy arrangement of these, as might be expected in a field crop, would not hinder the aphids, for although movement off a plant is stimulated by higher resistance (non-preference) levels, it was inferred that aphids will move onto higher resistance plants, eventually to reach lower resistance plants beyond.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: amylase ; chicken ; variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Amylase allozymic and activity variation was studied in three flocks of chickens (Gallus domesticus). Individuals from one flock were studied to assess the effects of sex, tissue, and genotype on amylase activity. Additionally, the allozymes were purified and their specific activities compared. Variation was observed within and among the flocks. Two alleles were found to be segregating in the flocks, one flock being polymorphic and the other two monomorphic. Mean amylase activities among the three flocks were significantly different. The relationship of this activity variation to regulatory variation is discussed. There were no significant effects of sex or genotype on amylase activity and, in most cases, no correlation between activities in the various tissues. However, in heterozygotes one of the alloamylases had much lower activity than the other.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: amylase ; chicken ; variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Amylase allozymic and activity variation was studied in three flocks of chickens (Gallus domesticus). Individuals from one flock were studied to assess the effects of sex, tissue, and genotype on amylase activity. Additionally, the allozymes were purified and their specific activities compared. Variation was observed within and among the flocks. Two alleles were found to be segregating in the flocks, one flock being polymorphic and the other two monomorphic. Mean amylase activities among the three flocks were significantly different. The relationship of this activity variation to regulatory variation is discussed. There were no significant effects of sex or genotype on amylase activity and, in most cases, no correlation between activities in the various tissues. However, in heterozygotes one of the alloamylases had much lower activity than the other.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Separate neutral aqueous solutions of either (a) methylcob(III)alamin (2) and (heptamethyl cob(II)yrinate) perchlorate (3) or of b) cob(II)alamin ( = vitamin B12r; (4) and [Coβ-methyl(heptamethyl cob(III)yrinate)] perchlorate (5) equilibrated thermally at r.t. according to 2 + 3 ⇄ 4 + 5. The corresponding equilibrium constant Ke was determined (Ke = 0.63 ± 0.15). This equilibration experiment indicates that the coordination of the nucleotide function in methylcob(II)alamin (2) hardly affects the thermodynamics of the Co—C bond homolysis in aqeous solution when compared to nucleotide-free methylcorrinoids such as 5.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 118 (1985), S. 1724-1725 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: [2 + 2]-Cycloaddition of an Iminoborane to a Methylene-Titanium Coordination CompoundThe iminoborane tBuB ≡ NtBu (1c) reacts with the short-lived titanaethene H2C = TiCp2 (3) to give the 1-aza-2-bora-4-titanacyclobutane 4c by [2 + 2]-cycloaddition. A corresponding reaction with the more reactive iminoboranes 1a, b, d is indicated by NMR data.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 15 (1988), S. 615-621 
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The collisionally activated decomposition of [M + H]+ ions, generated by fast atom bombardment (FAB) of glutathione conjugates, has been studied by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) using hybrid sector/quadrupole instruments. Abundant fragments of diagnostic utility were present in the daughter ion spectra. Common fragmentation modes were observed but their relative importance was strongly dependent on the nature of the conjugated species. As an example of a general approach to the characterization of glutathione conjugates in biological samples, the acetaminophen-glutathione conjugate was identified in rat bile, following coadministration of (2H0)- and (2H3)acetaminophen, using the experimental sequence: (i) conventional FAB mass spectrometric analysis, (ii) MS/MS using constant neutral loss (129 u) scanning to identify parent ions corresponding to glutathione conjugates, (iii) MS/MS to yield daughter ion spectra of parents so identified and corresponding to (2H0)- and (2H3)-labeled conjugates.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 876-876 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 32 (1986), S. 350-352 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 16 (1988), S. 409-413 
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Gas chromatography/electron capture negative ion mass spectrometry of eicosanoids, as pentafluorobenzyl (PFB) ester, methyl oxime (where applicable), trimethylsilyl (TMS) ether derivatives, is reported using a double-focusing instrument of trisector configuration. Sub-picogram detection limits were observed for prostaglandins E1, E2 and F2α during selected ion monitoring (SIM) of [M — PFB]- ions. Selected reaction monitoring (SRM) of [M — PFB]- → [M — PFB — TMSOH]-, occurring in the first field-free region, was of modest sensitivity, reflecting the stability of the [M - PFB]- ions. The leukotriene B4 (LTB4) derivative was successfully analyzed by SIM at the low-picogram level. In this instance, the fragmentation [M — PFB]- →[M — PFB — TMSOH] occurred in high yield in the first field-free region. The advantageous improvement in selectivity of detection that may be achieved with SRM was evident during the analysis of a serum extract for LTB4.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Human skin fibroblasts secrete over 50 proteins into the culture medium. In this paper these are characterised using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and peptide mapping of proteins metabolically labelled in the presence and absence of tunicamycin. Thirty of these proteins have been shown to be N-glycosides, 4 are O-glycosides and 10 are not glycosylated. Of the major proteins, groups 1-4 have previously been shown to be fibroblast specific. Peptide mapping and tunicamycin treatment has identified that groups 1 and 2, and 3 and 4 are closely related and that groups 1 and 3 arise by N-glycosylation of 2 and 4, respectively. The unglycosylated precursor forms of several other proteins have also been identified. This approach to the analysis of protein secretion provides an abundance of information on many proteins simultaneously and can be used to assess the changes in protein secretion associated with development, and to identify extracellular growth factors and other regulatory proteins.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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