ALBERT

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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of reactor biomass by acoustic resonance densitometry (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 28 (1986), S. 1241-1249 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Acoustic resonance densitometry (ARD) is reported as a method suitable not only for precise investigations into changes of specific gravity in bioreactor media but also as a technique able to provide an accurate wide range and direct determination of cellular mass in fermentation processes. It is further shown that this method can replace present optical procedures, minimizing dilution errors and operator involvement and is suitable for development as an on-line biomass monitoring system.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260280816
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability studies of immobilized enzyme stir rods (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 24 (1982), S. 1773-1788 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Alcohol dehydrogenase has been covalently attached to the surfaces of nylon stir rods. Several rod types have been evaluated in terms of their mixing efficiency and enzyme loading. Fluorometric monitoring of the rate of conversion of NAD to NADH serves as a measure of the reaction rate under varying conditions. The rate of reaction of the enzyme stir rods has been evaluated in terms of RPM, buffer concentration, NAD reagent concentration, and pH. The rate of reaction is seen to reach a plateau at higher stir rates, indicating a lack of diffusional hindrances. The reaction rate also begins to level off at phosphate buffer concentration of 0.1M to 0.15M. Saturating conditions are reached at an NAD concentration of 2.5mM. The optimum pH is found to be 9.0. The Stability of the covalent bond between the enzyme and the nylon has been assessed by comparing the bond strength to the energies of various disruptive forces to which the enzyme is exposed. Centrifugal, drag, and shear forces are shown to be insufficient to cause rupture of the bond. The stability to the immobilized enzyme preparation has been investigated under varying conditions of immobilization and use. No effect on activity loss was found for rotation rate or for continuous versus intermittent use. It was found that enhanced stability occurred for hydrolytic cleavage of the nylon, using nitric acid, as compared to nonhydrolytic cleavage. Hydrolytic cleavage also led to some degree of adsorption of the enzyme to the surface of the nylon. Thus, the possibility of increased stability to multipoint attachment of the enzyme is discussed. Possible cause of activity loss are discussed, as well as the extension of the enzyme stir rod to use in scale model reactor studies.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260240805
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-line monitoring of cell mass in mammalian cell cultures by acoustic densitometry (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 33 (1989), S. 1379-1384 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Acoustic resonance densitometry (ARD) provides a highly reproducible and stable method for on-line measurement of culture biomass density. The technique provides a direct determination of changes in relative density of culture medium and cell mass. At cell concentrations higher than 106 cells mL-1this method can replace cell counts and provide a continuous measure of total cell mass. In cultures of hybridomas or U937 human lymphoma cells, the ARD value correlates well with cell number except when the average cell size changes during culture. It is argued that cell mass determined by ARD rather than cell number should be used as the basis for measurements of specific biological activity.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260331103
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A symposium on ATP rapid microbiology for the food and beverage industries, downing college, Cambridge, UK, 17 June 1992Organized by Cambridge Research and Technology Transfer Ltd. (1992)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 7 (1992), S. 255-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 0884-3996
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bio.1170070405
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability and optimization of canalicular function in hepatocyte couplets (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 11 (1993), S. 179-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Hepatocyte couplets ; canalicular secretion ; oxidative stress ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: An enriched preparation of rat hepatocyte couplets was obtaied by collagense perfusion and subsequent elutriation (〉 85 per cent couplets and triplets; viability of over 95 per cent).Canalicular secretory activity (the ability to accumulate cholyl-lysyl-fluorescein, CLF) was first apparent after 2 h of culture at 37°C and was present in over 80 per cent of the total population after 5-6 h. This remained almost constant for at least 4 h in both elutriated and directly plated cells. Initial storage of freshly prepared couplets at 4°C for up to 6 h prior to incubation had no adverse effect upon secretory function.Reduction of canalicular secretory activity occurred at a concentration of the hepatotoxic agent menadione (IC50 17 μM) that was lower than that required to induce mild plasma-membrane blebbing (IC50 43 μM).This study has optimized and characterized the canalicular secretory effectiveness and stability of an enriched preparation of hepatocyte couplets, and established the feasibility of studies of toxic agents on hepatobiliary function in a heterogeneous population of hepatocytes. In this preparation other biochemical parameters can be assessed, thus complementing previous techniques using individual couplets.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290110305
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