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  • Organic Chemistry  (69)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (65)
  • GEOPHYSICS  (17)
  • Astrophysics
  • Industrial Chemistry
  • 1985-1989  (153)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tartaric Acid Chloralides: Isolation and X-ray Analysis of the Third Existing Stereoisomer. Force-Field and AM1 Calculation of all Six Possible Structures (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 122 (1989), S. 1203-1205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): AM1 calculations ; Chloralide ; Dioxolane ; Force-field calculations ; Tartaric acid ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Isolation of a third diastereoisomer (1c) of (R,R)-tartaric acid chloralide is described. A comparison of structural data derived by X-ray analysis with calculated parameters is given. Structures are generated by the ALCHEMY force-field program as well as by AM1 calculations.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19891220629
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  • 2
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    Comment on 'A new method of forecasting geomagnetic activity and proton showers' by A. Hewish and P.J. Duffet-Smith (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Planetary and Space Science (ISSN 0032-0633); 36; 205
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Criteria of interplanetary parameters causing intense magnetic storms (Dst of less than -100 nT) (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: An analysis of ISEE-3 field and plasma data shows that 10 intense magnetic storms that occurred in 1979 were caused by long-duration, large-amplitude (13-30 nT) and negative (less than -10 nT) IMF Bz events associated with interplanetary duskward-electric fields of greater than 5 mV/m. The results suggest that these criteria may be used as predictors of intense storms. A study of opposite polarity (northward) Bz events with the same criteria shows that their occurrence is similar both in number and in their relationship to interplanetary disturbances. The amplitudes of the storms were not found to vary with shock strengths.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Planetary and Space Science (ISSN 0032-0633); 35; 1101-110
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Measurements of ozone in the Antarctic atmosphere during August and September 1987 (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: Mixing ratios changed dramatically for ozone in the austral polar stratosphere during August and September 1987. Data were obtained with an ultraviolet photometer mounted in the equipment bay of an ER-2 aircraft. Measurements were made between the latitudes of 53 and 72 deg S at pressure altitudes (U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1976) up to 21 km in a series of flights from Punta Arenas, Chile, over the Palmer Peninsula. Additional data were obtained between 37 N and 53 deg S on the ferry flights leaving from and returning to Moffett Field, California. The sampling-collecting system and the analytical techniques are described. In September the mixing ratios for ozone at pressure altitudes above 15 km in the southernmost part of the flights over the Palmer Peninsula were significantly lower than values for midlatitudes. The various latitudes of the ER-2 aircraft's encounters with the boundary of the region of depleted ozone lie between 59 and 71 deg S. Near the 425 K potential temperature surface and well within the vortex, the measured mixing ratio of ozone declined from about 2 parts per million by volume (ppmv) to about 0.6 ppmv during the period of the ER-2 flights. The distributions of ozone as a function of altitude indicate the presence of layering of ozone.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 94; 11449-11
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Small-scale motions observed by aircraft in the tropical lower stratosphere - Evidence for mixing and its relationship to large-scale flows (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: Measurements of temperature and ozone from instrumented aircraft in the tropical lower stratosphere show the presence of small-scale disturbances generated by underlying cumulus convection and Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. The disturbances associated with underlying convection have peak-to-peak vertical parcel excursions of about 300 m. Flying conditions were smooth, suggesting an ensemble of gravity waves and little or no turbulent mixing. It is nevertheless possible that these waves break at other altitudes, leading to turbulent mixing and net fluxes of vertically stratified tracers. Disturbances attributed to KH instability implied vertical parcel excursions of 300-400 m. The disturbances coincided with rough flying conditions, suggesting turbulent mixing. A linear stability analysis of the atmospheric basic state defined by high-resolution radiosondes shows fastest growing waves with horizontal wavelengths of 1.4-1.8 km, consistent with the aircraft observations. The strong shears responsible for the KH instability are due to large-scale waves propagating into a region of small intrinsic frequency. Radiosonde observations show that the zonal length scale of these waves is about 1000 km.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences (ISSN 0022-4928); 43; 3210-322
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    The cause of high-intensity long-duration continuous AE activity (HILDCAAS) - Interplanetary Alfven wave trains (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: It is shown that high intensity (AE of greater than 1,000 nT), long duration (T of greater than 2d) continuous auroral activity events are caused by outward (from the sun) propagating interplanetary Alfven wave trains. The Alfven waves are often (but not always) detected several days after major interplanetary events, such as shocks and solar wind density enhancements. Presumably, magnetic reconnection between the southward components of the Alfven wave magnetic fields and magnetospheric fields is the mechanism for transfer of solar wind energy to the magnetosphere.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Planetary and Space Science (ISSN 0032-0633); 35; 405-412
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Spectral characterization of igneous rocks in the 8- to 12-micron region (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: This paper investigates the crystal-chemistry basis for the variation in spectral behavior of ingneous rocks, with the purpose of developing relationships useful for applications in the lithologic characterization of terrestrial and extraterrestrial surfaces. A new parameter is proposed for characterizing general rock and mineral type. The parameter, SCFM, defined as the ratio SiO2/(SiO2 + CaO + FeO + MgO), reflects the degree of depolymerization of the silica tetrahedra in both fine-grained and coarse-grained igneous rocks, and is a good descriptor of the composition of these rocks. Using spectra obtained in the laboratory on coarse-particulate mineral and solid-rock samples, the SCFM parameter was used to assess the effects of variations in the rock composition on the location, number, and width of spectral bands. A regression analysis of bands varying in width from 0.2 micron to 1.4 microns versus the SCFM value resulted in correlation coefficients ranging from 0.88 to 0.97.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 94; 9203-921
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    DE/ISIS conjunction comparisons of high-latitude electron density features (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: This paper presents a comparison between the ISIS-1 and -2 topside sounder measurements of electron number density, N(e), with the in situ ion and N(e) measurements by the Langmuir probe aboard the Dynamics Explorer 2 (DE 2) during four high-latitude ISIS/DE magnetic field-aligned conjunctions. The ISIS-derived N(e) values, even at the greatest distance from the sounder, were found to agree with the Langmuir probe measurements to within about 30 percent over a density range of more than two decades on three of the four comparisons; the fourth comparison which included data with strong N(e) irregularities, showed a difference of 60 percent.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 93; 5947-595
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Comparison of total ozone amounts derived from satellite and ground-based measurements (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: Total ozone amounts derived from the NOAA operational sounder (TOVS) are compared to measurements from Nimbus-7 SBUV and ground-based Dobson spectrophotometer observations over a seven-year period. The global trends of the data, in terms of deviations from long-term averages, derived from measurements by each satellite instrument show qualitative agreement until mid-1984 when the data diverge with the TOVS-derived data showing higher values. Additionally, more significant differences appear in both the north and south temperate zones' records. The trends derived from the satellite systems' measurements also show differences from that of the Dobson instrument measurements with the trend of the TOVS measurements showing generally better overall agreement with the Dobson data record.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 15; 5-8
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Comet showers as a cause of mass extinction (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: Three independent pieces of evidence supporting a connection between comet showers and clustering in terrestrial cratering and mass extinctions are presented. The temporal profile of a comet shower triggered by a star passing through the Oort cloud is calculated. Four weak peaks are found in the age of distribution of impact craters over the past 100 Myr, as well as two compact clusters of ages of impact glass broadly coincident with crater-age peaks. Recent paleontological observations are reviewed that indicate a stepwise character for some well-documented mass extinctions in the past 100 Myr which roughly coincide with three of the four peaks in crater ages and which have a duration compatible with comet shower predictions.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 329; 118-126
    Format: text
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