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  • 1
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    Fragmentation of cosmic-string loops (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The fragmentation of cosmic string loops is discussed, and the results of a simulation of this process are presented. The simulation can evolve any of a large class of loops essentially exactly, including allowing fragments that collide to join together. Such reconnection enhances the production of small fragments, but not drastically. With or without reconnections, the fragmentation process produces a collection of nonself-intersecting loops whose typical length is on the order of the persistence length of the initial loop.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-184892 , NAS 1.26:184892 , FERMILAB-PUB-89/32-A
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Interstellar clouds near the sun (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Present knowledge concerning interstellar clouds near the sun is reviewed. The distribution and chracteristics of this interstellar dust and gas are described, and interstellar wind flowing through the solar system is discussed. Evidence is presented for a flow of more distant interstellar material past the solar system. Possible effects of an encounter between the solar system and a cloud core embedded in this low-density flow are examined. It is likely that the solar system is heading for condensations within 100 pc and that encounters may occur in the next 0.1 to 1 Myr. Such encounters could trigger global weather effects, including surface cooling and increased precipitation.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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  • 3
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    Optical absorption from the high-velocity neutral hydrogen complex C in the spectrum of the RR Lyrae star BT Draconis (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The detection of interstellar Na D absorption lines at a local standard of rest (LSR) velocity of -85 km/s is reported, together with tentative detections of further Na D lines at -133 km/s and -110 km/s, in the spectrum of the RR Lyrae star BT Draconis which lies toward the high-velocity neutral hydrogen complex C (LSR velocity around -115 km/s). This suggests an upper limit of 2.1 kpc on the distance to this high-velocity complex, and indicates that the complex has near-cosmic metallicity. This result strongly favors either a model in which complex C is formed by infalling material in the halo, which has originated in the Galactic disk, or one in which it is part of a large relatively local shell structure.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters to the Editor (ISSN 0004-637X); 293; L15-L18
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Element abundances at high redshift (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Abundances of Si(+), S(+), Cr(+), Mn(+), Fe(_), and Zn(+) are considered for two absorption-line systems in the spectrum of the QSO PKS 0528 - 250. Zinc and sulfur are underabundant, relative to H, by a factor of 10 compared to their solar and Galactic interstellar abundances. The silicon-, chromium-, iron-, and nickel-to-hydrogen ratios are less than the solar values and comparable to the local interstellar ratios. A straightforward interpretation is that nucleosynthesis in these high-redshift systems has led to only about one-tenth as much heavy production as in the gas clouds around the sun, and that the amount of the observed underabundances attributable to grain depletion is small. The dust-to-gas ratio in these clouds is less than 8 percent of the Galactic value.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters (ISSN 0004-637X); 343; L37-L40
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  • 5
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    High-resolution spectroscopy of the z = 1.79 absorption-line system toward B2 1225 + 317 (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The results of Multiple Mirror Telescope echelle spectroscope scans of species in the z = 1.79 system toward the quasar B2 1225 + 317 are reported. The campaign was undertaken to compare quasar absorption-line systems with gas absorption lines in other galaxies. Relative column densities obtained for Zn II, Si II, Mg II, Fe II and H I were similar to those observed for the interstellar medium. Data analyses with photoionization models for the radiation field above the Lyman limit yielded upper and lower limits to the specific intensity at 1000 A that were consistent with the UV radiation field in the halo of a spiral galaxy.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 312; 50-65
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  • 6
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    On the origin of some QSO absorption lines (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Some QSO absorption-line systems (QSOALSs) may arise when a QSO sight line intersects a Magellanic-type irregular galaxy (i.e., a gas-rich dwarf). Much of the complexity in the line profiles of metals can be naturally explained in this manner. The frequency of occurrence of QSOALSs then requires that much of the mass of modern galaxies once resided in a halo of gas-rich dwarfs (at the epoch of QSOALS formation).
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 311; 610-616
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  • 7
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    The interstellar carbon abundance. II - Rho Ophiuchi and Beta Scorpii (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: A procedure designed to obtain increased sensitivity from high-dispersion IUE spectra by using a flat-field spectrum to remove nonrandom noise due to the response pattern of the SEC vidicon detector is described. Application of this procedure to spectra of Rho Oph and Beta(1) Sco near the spin-forbidden interstellar 2325 line of C II yields 2 sigma upper limits on absorption of W (lambda) not greater than about 4 mA. The resulting depletion of carbon from the interstellar gas toward Rho Oph exceeds a factor of 1.4.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Publications (ISSN 0004-6280); 98; 857-861
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  • 8
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    The local interstellar medium. VII - The local interstellar wind and interstellar material in front of the nearby star Alpha Ophiuchi (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: IUE observations of Mg I 2852.127 A are used to search for warm interstellar gas in the direction of Alpha Oph. The data on Mg I are first presented, and Mg I as a diagnostic of warm gas is discussed. A cool H I feature found in the direction of Alpha Oph, and which is evidently the origin of most of the observed optical and ultraviolet lines, is discussed, and the cloud geometry is examined.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 320; 842-849
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  • 9
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    The local interstellar medium. IV - The line of sight to Upsilon Scorpii (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Profile fitting of Copernicus UV absorption lines separates out four components in the line of sight to Upsilon Sco. Velocities for three of the components, including the two components associated with major H I and H II regions, are in excellent agreement with the corresponding components in the nearby line of sight to Lambda Sco. The velocity of the remaining component is between the velocities of the two remaining Lambda Sco components. Column densities of the various ionization stages of C, N, Si, S, and Ar in the major H I and H II regions are in reasonable agreement with those determined from the Lambda Sco observations, with four notable exceptions. In Upsilon Sco there is more N II and substantially less S III in the H I component and significantly less N I and Si III in the H II component.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 308; 232-239
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