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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the mechanical anisotropy of high-draw, low-draw, and voided PVDF (1988)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 26 (1988), S. 141-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The mechanical anisotropy of oriented PVDF sheet is examined using a variety of experimental techniques. The mechanical behavior is similar to that observed previously for low-density polyethylene and nylon and consistent with a parallel lamellar crystalline structure. The s31 compliance is reduced in magnitude by drawing to higher draw ratio, but the reduction in the piezoelectric coefficient d31 is less marked, suggesting that the piezoelectric response cannot be related solely to dimensional changes under stress. Drawing to high draw ratio increases the s33 compliance, and this is further increased by introducing voids. The corresponding d33 piezoelectric coefficient is not changed significantly by drawing to high draw ratio, or by the introduction of voids, again indicating that the piezoelectric behavior relates to factors other than dimensional changes.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1988.090260108
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of cryogenically ground rubber on some mechanical properties of an unsaturated polyester resin (1988)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 28 (1988), S. 1455-1461 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of Cryogenically Ground Rubber (CGR) from old tires on some mechanical properties of an unsaturated polyester resin is presented. A delay in the free radical cure reaction of the unsaturated polyester resin was observed upon the addition of ground rubber. This delay in the cure reaction could be overcome with the further addition of the free radical initiator. The particle size, surface chemistry, and the chemical composition of the rubber had an effect on the cure and on the final properties of the rubber-filled composites. It was also found that the rubber particles decreased the tensile, flexural, and storage shear modulus of the unsaturated polyester. Composites made from silane-treated ground rubber showed better mechanical properties than composites made from untreated CGR. Finally, the particle size of the ground rubber was apparently too large to produce a toughening effect on the filled materials.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760282204
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the drawing behavior of polyvinylidene fluoride (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 30 (1985), S. 4069-4079 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The drawing behavior of different molecular weight PVDF grades has been investigated over the temperature range 140-160°C, with particular reference to the production of material with enhanced mechanical and electrical properties. Lower molecular weight grades, which have been subjected to a slow-cooled rather than a quenched moulding procedure yield higher Young's moduli when drawn to a given draw ratio. X-ray diffraction measurements have demonstrated that the crystalline regions of specimens drawn to high draw ratios under these conditions consist predominantly of the piezo- and pyroelectric form I phase. The relationship between the proportion of from I phase and the final drawing stress has been shown to be unique over the temperature range investigated, irrespective of molecular weight and thermal processing history.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1985.070301010
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thickening reaction of unsaturated polyester resins with inorganic oxides and the rubber elasticity theory (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 34 (1987), S. 881-886 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070340237
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructural investigations of PBT/nylon 6,6 composites (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 35 (1988), S. 1955-1965 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The microstructure of composites made from blends of poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole) [PBT] and nylon 6,6 has been investigated with wide-angle X-ray diffraction, selected area electron diffraction, and small-angle X-ray scattering techniques. The composite samples investigated were spun in both fiber and film forms dilute solutions of methane sulfonic acid.The structure of the composites was found to be a microfibrillar network of PBT in a matrix of partially crystalline nylon 6,6. The diameters of the PBT microfibrils were in the range of 30 to 70 Å.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070350721
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of heterogeneous and homogeneous kinetics in the formation of a polyurethane (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 565-573 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The extent of reaction between a liquid polyfunctional aromatic isocyanate and a diol was studied using infrared spectroscopy to follow the reduction in concentration of the isocyanate group. For the homogeneous conditions the reaction was performed in benzene solution. For the heterogeneous conditions the isocyanate was dispersed as droplets in the diol and the reaction proceeded interfacially.From a proposed model for the interfacial reaction based on the steady-state diffusion theory the second-order rate constant of the reaction can be evaluated. The values obtained were compared to the second-order rate constants obtained for the solution method. For a range of temperature the heterogeneous rate constant was approximately six decades higher than that obtained for the homogenous conditions. However the activation energies obtained corresponded within a factor of 1.5.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080250210
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of thermal initiation on the radical polymerization of unsaturated monomers (1989)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 27 (1989), S. 1045-1051 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effect of thermal initiation of the radical polymerization of unsaturated monomers has been analyzed by considering a kinetic scheme that includes thermal- and catalyst-induced formation of free radicals, propagation, and termination reactions. Expressions relating the different rate constants with the instantaneous monomer concentration are derived and they indicate the great influence of thermal initiation on the kinetic results. Application to a real case suggests that evaluation of kd and kp/kt1/2 from experimental results using the method of dead-end polymerization may lead to erroneous values of these constants.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1989.080270326
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, free-radical polymerization, and stereochemical configuration of methyl α-p-cyanobenzylacrylate (1988)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 26 (1988), S. 2281-2290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Methyl α-p-cyanobenzylacrylate was synthesized from dimethyl malonate following well-known organic reactions. The purified monomer was polymerized by a free-radical mechanism in benzene solution, using AIBN as initiator in the interval 50-90°C. The kinetic results seem to indicate an apparent ceiling temperature near 90°C. The analysis by 13C-NMR of polymers obtained indicates that the macromolecular chains are predominantly syndiotactic and the tacticity is independent of the polymerization temperature in the experimental interval studied. However, the determination of conditional probabilities for iso- and syndiotactic additions and the persistence ratios indicate that the propagation mechanism for the radical polymerization of methyl α-p-cyanobenzylacrylate does not follow a typical Bernoullian statistics.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1988.080260822
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radical copolymerization of acrylic monomers. VIII. Copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with methyl α-p-chlorobenzylacrylate and methyl methacrylate with methyl α-p-methoxybenzylacrylate (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 24 (1986), S. 1379-1387 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Free-radical copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with methyl α-p-chlorobenzylacrylate and methyl methacrylate with methyl α-p-methoxybenzylacrylate have been studied in benzene solution at 40°C. Although a simple copolymerization model fits the composition data, the kinetic behavior of both copolymerization systems are analyzed from simple and reversible copolymerization models, taking into account the relatively low ceiling temperature of both methyl α-(p-substituted benzyl)acrylates and considering that the overall rate of copolymerization drastically decreases with the increase of the corresponding methyl α-(p-substituted benzyl)acrylate molar fraction in the feed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1986.080240620
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and microstructure of polymers from o-methacryloyloxybenzoic acid (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 203-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The free radical polymerization of o-methacryloyloxybenzoic acid using acetone and benzene as solvents, in the interval 30-120°C, is investigated. The polymerization in benzene has a precipitant character. However, when acetone is used as solvent, at reaction temperatures higher than 60-70°C, the polymerization deviates from the classic free radical mechanism and, beside the addition of monomer molecules to growing chain ends, the release of salicylic acid and the formation of cyclic anhydride structures of glutaric type in the main chain has been detected. The microstructure of polymers obtained has also been studied by the transformation into the corresponding poly(methyl methacrylate)s.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080250117
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