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  • 1
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ionic Structures of 4- and 5-coordinated Silicon. Novel Ionic Crystal Structures of 4- and 5-coordinated Silicon: [Me3Si(NMI)]+ Cl-, [Me2HSi(NMI)2]+ Cl-, [Me2Si(NMI)3]2+ 2 Cl-. NMIMe3SiCl forms with N-Methylimidazole (NMI) a crystalline 1:1-compound which is stable at room temperature. The X-ray single crystal investigation proves the ionic structure [Me3Si(NMI)]+Cl- 1 which is the result of the cleavage of the Si—Cl bond and the addition of an NMI-ring. The reaction of Me2HSiCl with NMI (in the molar ratio of 1:2), under cleavage of the Si—Cl bond and co-ordination of two NMI rings, yields the compound [Me2HSi(NMI)2]+Cl- 2. The analogous reaction of Me2SiCl2 with NMI (molar ratio 2:1) leads to a compound which consists of Me2SiCl2 and NMI in the molar ratio of 1:2. During the sublimation single crystals of the compound [Me2Si(NMI)3]2+ 2 Cl-. NMI 3 are formed.
    Notes: Me3SiCl bildet mit N-Methylimidazol (NMI) eine bei Raumtemperatur beständige, kristalline 1:1 Verbindung. Nach der Röntgenstrukturanalyse entsteht unter Spaltung der Si—Cl-Bindung und Anlagerung eines NMI-Rings eine Verbindung ionischer Struktur [Me3Si(NMI)]+Cl- 1. Die Reaktion von Me2HSiCl mit NMI (Molverhältnis 1:2) führt unter Spaltung der Si—Cl-Bindung und Koordination von zwei NMI-Ringen zur Verbindung [Me2HSi(NMI)2]+Cl- 2. Bei der analogen Umsetzung von Me2SiCl2 mit NMI (Molverhältnis 2:1) entsteht eine Verbindung, die Me2SiCl2 und NMI im Molverhältnis 1:2 enthält. Bei der Sublimation werden Einkristalle der Verbindung [Me2Si(NMI)3]2+ 2 Cl-· NMI 3 erhalten.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 35 (1986), S. 273-292 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; growth analysis ; relative growth rate ; selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Twelve spring wheat cultivars were grown as isolated plants in the field and their pre-anthesis growth was interpreted in terms of plant growth analysis. Relative growth rate (RGR) decreased steadily with time due to a decline of leaf area per unit plant weight (LAR), which could be explained by the reduction of the portion of leaf weight in total plant weight (LWR). Growth per unit leaf area (NAR) and leaf area per unit leaf weight (SLA) changed only little with time. Differences between cultivars for NAR and LAR were of similar magnitude: both 8% when measured by the genetic coefficient of variation. Because both quantities were negatively correlated, the genetic variation of RGR was only 5%. Genetic variation for LWR and SLA were also of similar size, both about 4%. Estimates of genetic variances and covariances based on cultivar means appeared to be biased strongly when the error variation of the means was neglected. Special attention is paid to the methodology of plant growth analysis.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici ; wheat leaf rust ; partial resistance ; latency period ; gene action ; oligogenic inheritance ; transgressive segregation ; number of genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Crosses were made between the highly susceptible Little Club and the partially resistant cultivars Westphal 12A, Akabozu and BH 1146 to obtain F1, F2 and backcross generations. Latency period (LP) was determined in plants inoculated at the young flag leaf stage with a monospore culture of race ‘Flamingo’ of wheat leaf rust. Broad sense heritability of LP in the F2 averaged 0.8. The genes showed partial to almost complete recessive inheritance. Scaling tests indicated that additive gene action was the most important factor in the inheritance of partial resistance. The tests showed that there were no indications for additive x additive, additive x dominance or dominance x dominance interactions. The number of effective factors was estimated as one or two for Akabozu, three or more for Westphal 12A, and two or three for BH 1146. BH 1146 also possessed a (semi-)dominant gene for a lower infection type which was temperature sensitive in its expression. The genes of the various parents had unequal effect on LP.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici ; wheat leaf rust ; partial resistance ; latency period ; oligogenic inheritance ; transgressive segregation ; number of genes ; heritability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Three partially resistant spring wheat cultivars, with a long latency period were crossed among each other and with the highly susceptible Little Club, with a very short latency period. Parents, F3 and F5 plants have been inoculated with the leaf rust race Flamingo in the young flag leaf stage to determine the latency period. From the crosses with Little Club, it was concluded that Westphal 12A carries three, Akabozu two and BH 1146 two or three genes for a longer latency period. BH 1146 appears to carry also one hypersensitive resistance gene. Transgressive segregation occurred in crosses between partially resistant cultivars. From crosses between the partially resistant cultivars, it was concluded that the genes in Akabozu and Westphal 12A are different, while those in Akabozu and BH 1146 are at least partly different. The possibilities of accumulation of LP-prolonging genes are discussed.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; growth analysis ; relative growth rate ; selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary For a better insight in the effect of wide spacing on the outcome of plant selection in spring wheat, the growth of free-grown individual plants was followed in time for each of 12 cultivars. As time proceeded, the cultivar differences for per-plant weight showed progressively less relation with those for seedling weight. At anthesis, the genetic correlation with seedling weight was still about 0.80, but at final harvest it was only 0.06. This contrasted with the genetic correlation between seedling weight and final biomass in closely planted mixtures which was on the average 0.77. The outcome of selection of genotypes in isolation is therefore expected to deviate substantially from that of selection in densely planted segregating populations where the differences in initial size tend to be maintained in time. The ranking of the varieties grown in isolation changed in time because of differences in relative growth rate (RGR). The genetic variance of RGR decreased much less with time than RGR itself. Late-flowering varieties showed the higher RGR so that these varieties improved their position in the ranking in isolation. Special attention is paid to the methodology of plant growth analysis in variety experiments and in estimating means and variances of RGR.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Fest-Flüssig-Phasengleichgewichte des Systems KCl—MgCl2—H2O bei erhöhten Temperaturen. III. Isothermen bei 160, 170 und 180°CExperimentelle Ergebnisse der Fest-Flüssig-Phasengleichgewichte im System KCl—MgCl2—H2O bei 160, 170 und 180°C werden vorgestellt. Neben den bekannten festen Phasen KCl, KCl · MgCl2 · 6 H2O und MgCl2 · 4 H2O wurden zwei weitere Doppelsalze mit der Zusammensetzung 1,5 KCl · MgCl2 · 2 H2O und KCl · MgCl2 · 2 H2O gefunden. Das letztere Doppelsalz und MgCl2 · 2 H2O bilden feste Lösungen. Die neuen Verbindungen wurden mit Hilfe der Röntgenpulverdiffraktometrie charakterisiert.
    Notes: Experimental results are reported for the solid-liquid phase equilibria of the ternary system KCl—MgCl2—H2O at 160, 170, and 180°C. Beyond the known solid phases KCl, KCl · MgCl2 · 6 H2O, and MgCl2 · 4 H2O two further double salts with the composition 1.5 KCl · MgCl2 · 2 H2O and KCl · MgCl2 · 2 H2O have been found. The latter double salt and MgCl2 · 2 H2O form solid solution. The new compounds were characterized by X-ray powder diffractometry.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 560 (1988), S. 153-157 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: X-Ray Structure Analysis of Single Crystals of Ternary Rare Earth Vanadium(III) Oxides LnVO3 (Ln = Gd, Dy, Er)X-ray structure investigations were performed on single crystals of LnVO3 (Ln = Gd, Dy, and Er), grown by flux electrolysis. The three compounds are isotypic, they crystallize in an orthorhombic distorted perovskite structure.
    Notes: An Einkristallen von LnVO3 (Ln = Gd, Dy und Er), die durch Schmelzflußelektrolyse gezüchtet wurden, erfolgten Röntgenstrukturuntersuchungen. Die drei Verbindungen sind isotyp, sie kristallisieren in einer orthorhombisch verzerrten Perowskitstruktur.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 562 (1988), S. 7-16 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Phase Diagrams of Chalcides and Pnictides of Ruthenium and Osmium with Pyrite, Marcasite, Loellingite, and Arsenopyrite StructureThe phase diagrams of ruthenium and osmium chalcide and pnictide systems were studied by X-ray phase analyses. In the systems RuPS—RuPSe, OsPS—OsPSe, RuPS—OsPS, and RuPSe—OsPSe complete series of arsenopyrite type solid solutions are formed. In the heterotype systems PuP2—RuPS—RuS2, RuP2—RuPSe—RuSe2, RuP2—RuTe2, and OsP2—OsTe2 (endmember phases, loellingite, arsenopyrite, and pyrite (marcasite) structure) no mutual solubility was observed, whereas in the analogous system RuSb2-2xTe3x a complete series of mixed crystal with x 〈 0.25, loellingite, x = 0.25-0.65, arsenopyrite, x 〉 0.65, marcasite, and x = 1, marcasite and pyrite structure with a continuous run of the unit cell dimensions are formed. In the systems MP2—MTe2 the hitherto unknown ternary compounds OsPTe (arsenopyrite type, a = 622.91(4), b = 616.04(4), c = 624.49(4) pm, and β = 112.01(1)°) and RuPTe (structure unknown) were obtained. The FIR spectra of these compounds and of the RuSb2—RuTe2 solid solutions are reported and discussed with respect to the internal and external modes present.
    Notes: Die Phasendiagramme von Pnictid-Chalkogenid-Systemen des Rutheniums und Osmiums wurden mit Hilfe von Röntgenguinier-Aufnahmen abgeschreckter Präparate untersucht. In den Systemen RuPS—RuPSe, OsPS—OsPSe, RuPS—OsPS und RuPSe—OsPSe (Randphasen Arsenopyrittyp) werden lückenlose Mischkristallreihen gebildet. In den Systemen RuP2—RuPS—RuS2, RuP2—RuPSe—RuSe2, RuP2—RuTe2 und OsP2—OsTe2 (Randphasen Löllingit-, Arsenopyrit- und Pyrit- bzw. Markasittyp) konnte keine Mischkristallbildung beobachtet werden, wohingegen im analogen System RuSb2-2xTe3x eine lückenlose Mischkristallreihe (x 〈 0,25: Löllingit-, x = 0,25-0,65: Arsenopyrit-, x 〉 0,65: Markasit- und x = 1: Markasit- oder Pyritstruktur) mit einem kontinuierlichen Verlauf der Gitterkonstanten gebildet wird. Als bisher unbekannte ternäre Verbindungen wurden OsPTe (Arsenopyrittyp, a = 622,91(4), b = 616,04(4), c = 624,49(4) pm und β = 112,01(1)°) sowie RuPTe (Strukturtyp unbekannt) erhalten. Die FIR-Spektren dieser Verbindungen sowie die der RuSb2—RuTe2-Mischkristalle werden mitgeteilt und diskutiert.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 564 (1988), S. 101-103 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal Structure of N,N′-Bis(trimethylsilyl)-imidazoliumiodide [(Me3Si)2(C3H3N2)]+I-Me3SiI forms with N-Trimethylsiylimidazole (NTMSI) a 1:1 compound which is stable at room temperature. Single crystals can be isolated from a solution of chloroform. The X-ray crystal structure investigation proves an ionic structure.
    Notes: Me3SiI bildet mit N-Trimethylsilylimidazol (NTMSI) eine bei Raumtemperatur beständige 1:1-Verbindung. Aus einer Lösung in Chloroform lassen sich Einkristalle isolieren. Die Röntgenstrukturanalyse beweist eine ionische Struktur.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 558 (1988), S. 137-141 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Growth of Single Crystals of Ternary Rare Earth Vanadium(III) Oxides LnVO3 by Flux ElectrolysisA simple method for growing single crystals of rare earth vanadium(III) oxides LnVO3 (Ln = La, Sm, Gd, Dy, Er, Yb) by cathodic reduction, starting from vanadium(V) oxide, in a flux of sodium tetraborate and sodium fluoride at T = 1000 K is described. The products were obtained as black, prismatic crystals, suitable for X-ray investigations etc. They were characterized by electron microprobe analyses and by X-ray powder investigations.
    Notes: Einkristalle ternärer Lanthanoid-Vanadium(III)-Oxide LnVO3 (Ln = La, Sm, Gd, Dy, Er, Yb) wurden, ausgehend von den Oxiden V2O5 und Ln2O3, durch kathodischen Reduktion in Schmelzflüssen von Borax und Natriumfluorid erhalten. Die Kristalle wurden mit der Elektronenstrahlmikrosonde und mit Hilfe von Röntgenpulvermethoden charakterisiert.
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