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  • nitrogen
  • pharmacokinetics
  • Springer  (4)
  • Copernicus
  • 1985-1989  (4)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (4)
  • Copernicus
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative study of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of atenolol, hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride in normal young and elderly subjects and elderly hypertensive patients (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 32 (1987), S. 53-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: atenolol ; amiloride ; hydrochlorothiazide ; young ; elderly ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacodynamics ; volunteers ; patients ; hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Six normal young and six normal elderly volunteers and six elderly hypertensive patients took part in an acute and chronic dose study of a combination capsule containing atenolol (50 mg), hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg) and amiloride (2.5 mg) designed for the treatment of hypertension. No difference in any of the drug pharmacokinetic parameters could be detected between the hypertensives and the normal elderly subjects. The bio-availability and the 24-h blood concentrations of all three drugs, half-life of atenolol and amiloride and the peak concentration of hydrochlorothiazide was significantly greater in the elderly. The 24-h blood concentrations of atenolol and hydrochlorothiazide did not alter with chronic dosing, but amiloride concentrations were significantly higher at this time in all groups. A significant fall in the blood pressure was observed in the hypertensive group. Heart rate fell more in the normal and hypertensive elderly subjects than in the young. The combination has shown to be an effective and well tolerated antihypertensive in the elderly patient with a 24-h duration of action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609957
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dosage regimen of cimetidine reviewed. Possible drug accumulation after multiple oral doses (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 34 (1988), S. 539-542 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; dosage regimen ; multiple oral doses ; accumulation ; pharmacokinetics ; children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The doses of cimetidine recommended differ in children, especially those with cystic fibrosis. These dosage regimens were derived from single-dose pharmacokinetic studies of the drug. Some authors showed, however, that after administration of repeated oral doses of cimetidine in healthy adults and children with cystic fibrosis, the elimination half-life of the drug was markedly prolonged. In view of the ability of cimetidine to inhibit metabolism of other drugs, it is suggested that the parent compound and/or its metabolite(s) may inhibit its own metabolism during a prolonged course of treatment. Enterohepatic recirculation of the drug and/or its metabolite(s) may also contribute to prolongation of its elimination. One should therefore be cautious in using single-dose pharmacokinetic parameters to calculate repeated dose regimens and expected plasma steady-state concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00615214
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The thermal conductivity of pure nitrogen and of mixtures of nitrogen and carbon dioxide at elevated temperatures and pressures (1988)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 9 (1988), S. 3-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: carbon dioxide ; high pressures ; mixtures ; nitrogen ; thermal conductivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The thermal conductivities of nitrogen at 470 K and six mixtures of nitrogen and carbon dioxide at various temperatures have been measured as a function of pressure up to 25 MPa. The mixtures were measured at the following temperatures: one at 302 K, three at 380 K, one at 430 K, and one at 470 K. The data were used to test three prediction methods for the thermal conductivity of gas mixtures under pressure. Surprisingly good agreement was found with predictions using the corresponding-states method of Ely and Hanley. The predictions of the more theoretically based method of Mason et al. were low throughout, due partly to its use of the Hirschfelder-Eucken equation as the low-density limit, but also because the predicted density dependence rises too slowly. The simplified version of this method proposed by Svojskij gave slightly worse predictions, particularly at higher densities. The zero- density results for nitrogen are examined by comparing the zero-and first-density coefficients with the trends shown at lower temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00503996
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mineralization of N and P along a trophic gradient in a freshwater mire (1988)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 6 (1988), S. 31-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: nitrogen ; phosphorus ; mineralization ; productivity ; peatlands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Release of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil of a peatland (fen) in The Netherlands was measured by means of an in situ incubation technique. Three sampling stations were chosen along a gradient in the plant productivity and water chemistry of the fen. The station with the highest biomass production was located near the ditch that supplied the fen with water in amounts matching water losses through evaporation and downward percolation to the groundwater. Water chemistry at this station strongly resembled that of the ditch water. The two stations remote from the ditch had much lower plant biomass, and significantly lower pH, conductivity, and calcium and bicarbonate concentrations. The vegetation at these two stations was characterized by a thick Sphagnum carpet. The release of inorganic N and P was much faster at the two stations remote from the ditch than at that located near the ditch. The differences in mineralization rate are probably due to the differences in water chemistry; phosphates are more soluble at low than at high pH. The fast N mineralization at stations with a thick Sphagnum carpet may be related to the chemical composition of Sphagnum litter. The difference in productivity is not explained by the N and P mineralization rates. Direct supply of N and P from the ditch are probably the main cause of the high productivity at the station bordering the ditch.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00002931
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