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  • ASTROPHYSICS  (10)
  • Vicia faba  (2)
  • *Gene Expression Regulation  (1)
  • *Genes, Regulator  (1)
  • 1985-1989  (13)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A short review of research on male sterility and prospects for F1 hybrid varieties in field beans (Vicia faba L.) (1989)
    Springer
    Euphytica 41 (1989), S. 87-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Vicia faba ; field bean ; faba bean ; cytoplasmic male sterility ; maintainer and restorer lines ; revertants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary It has not yet been possible to utilise cytoplasmically inherited male sterility (CMS) in Vicia faba, in the commerical production of F1 hybrids. The main problem has been a rapid increase in the proportion of fertile revertants during multiplication. Investigations, mainly in France, have clarified environmental causes of phenotypic instability, CMS and maintainer lines with improved stability have been selected, and two new cytoplasms have been produced by mutation of the first two. CMS is known to be associated with cytoplasmic spherical particles, and recognisable types of double stranded RNA, and there may also be an association with mitochondrial DNA, and polypeptides of mitochondrial origin. The better understanding of CMS may eventually lead to more easily managed forms, either through genetic manipulation or biochemical assays that breeders can use for screening for stability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022416
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prospects for commercialisation of F1 hybrid field beans Vicia faba L. (1989)
    Springer
    Euphytica 41 (1989), S. 81-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Vicia faba ; F1 hybrids ; heterosis ; cost/benefit ratio ; cytoplasmic male sterility ; revertants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Yields of F1 hybrids averaged 22% more than the mean of their heavier-yielding inbred parents, and the advantage of hybrids over composite populations varied from 3 to 18%, more in winter than spring beans. From estimates of cost/benefit ratios that included the possibility of poor seedset on male steriles, on average 1 year in 10, it was concluded that hybrid seed might cost more than twice that of conventional varieties, but a 10% increase in yield on a 4t/ha crop would cover this extra cost of seed. Thus, hybrids could still be the more profitable type of variety provided seed rates are low and yield levels high. It is therefore still worthwhile to pursue the goal of stable cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and/or a control of the rate of increase in revertants. Some methods are suggested whereby it might be possible to reduce revertants, improve pollination or exploit heterosis other than with CMS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022415
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  • 3
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    The immunoglobulin octanucleotide: independent activity and selective interaction with enhancers (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-03-20
    Description: The thymidine kinase (tk) promoter of herpes simplex virus includes an octanucleotide sequence motif (ATTTGCAT) that is also an essential component of immunoglobulin kappa gene promoters. In the absence of an enhancer, tk promoter derivatives that contain this element support a higher rate of transcription than those that lack it. The action of the kappa enhancer augments that of the octanucleotide in B lymphoid cells; when both elements are present, tk promoter activity is increased by more than an order of magnitude. In contrast, the presence of the octanucleotide in this promoter markedly reduces its response to a nonimmunoglobulin enhancer. These results suggest that the octanucleotide may mediate a selective interaction among promoters and enhancers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parslow, T G -- Jones, S D -- Bond, B -- Yamamoto, K R -- AI22536/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA20535/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CM07810/CM/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Mar 20;235(4795):1498-501.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3029871" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA, Viral/genetics ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes, Regulator ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/*genetics ; Lymphocytes/physiology ; Moloney murine sarcoma virus/genetics ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Simplexvirus/genetics ; Thymidine Kinase/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Lyman-alpha clouds as a relic of primordial density fluctuations (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Primordial density fluctuations are studied using a CDM model and primordial clouds some of which are expanding, driven by pressure gradients created when the medium is photionized, and some of which are massive enough to continue collapsing in spite of the pressure. Normalization of CDM models to the clustering properties on large scales are used to predict the parameters of collapsing clouds of subgalactic mass at early epochs. It is shown that the abundance and dimensions of these clouds are comparable to those of the Lyman-alpha systems. The evolutionary history of the clouds is computed, utilizing a spherically symmetric hydrodynamics code with the dark matter treated as a collisionless fluid, and the H I column density distribution is evaluated as a function of N(H I) and redshift. The observed cloud parameters come out naturally in the CDM model and suggest that Lyman-alpha clouds are the missing link between primordial density fluctuations and the formation of galaxies.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 324; 627-638
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    TT Arietis - The low state (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A comprehensive photometric and spectroscopic study of the low state of the novalike variable TT Ari has been made with observations spanning the UV to IR spectral regions. The roughly 5 mag drop in the system's luminosity from the high state indicates that the mass-transfer rate decreased by more than two orders of magnitude. The drastic reduction in the luminosity of the accretion disk between the high and low states enabled the white dwarf component to be directly observed for the first time. The broad absorption profiles at various lines and the UV energy distribution are best fitted by a hot white dwarf. A lower limit of 200 pc for the distance to TT Ari is derived, and the behavior of TT Ari is compared to that of another novalike variable, MV Lyr. The long-term photometric behavior of TT Ari makes it a typical member of the VY Scl subclass of novalike variables.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 290; 707-720
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  • 6
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    Two-phase ultraviolet spectrophotometry of the pulsating white dwarf ZZ Piscium (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Spectra of the pulsating white dwarf ZZ Psc (= G29-38) were obtained using the International Ultraviolet Explorer. By using a multiple-exposure technique in conjunction with simultaneous ground-based exposure-metering photometry, it was possible to obtain mean on-pulse and off-pulse spectra in the 1950-1310 A wavelength range. The ratio of the time-averaged on-pulse to off-pulse spectra is best fitted by a temperature variation that is in phase with the optical light variation. This result is consistent with the hypothesis that the observed variation is due to a high-order nonradial pulsation. Conventional ultraviolet spectra of ZZ Psc showed broad absorption features at 1390 and 1600 A. These features are also found in the spectra of the cool DA-type white dwarfs G226-29 and G67-23, and appear to increase in strength with decreasing temperature. A possible explanation for the 1600 A feature is absorption by the satellite band of resonance-broadened hydrogen Ly-alpha. Such absorption would also help explain a discrepancy between the observed pulsation amplitude shortward of 1650 A and the predicted amplitudes based on model atmospheres.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 289; 774-781
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  • 7
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    Constraints on dark matter from cosmic background anisotropies (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The major stages in the linear evolution of the statistical ensemble of adiabatic fluctuations in radiation, baryons, and dark matter are discussed. If it is assumed that the distribution of light emitters (i.e., of galaxies) follows the distribution of mass (i.e., of dark matter), then universes dominated by massive collisionless relics of the Big Bang must have Omega larger than 0.2 h exp -4/3 to avoid exceeding the current observational limits on small-scale anisotropies in the microwave background. However, values of Omega of about 0.2 are indicated by dynamical studies of galaxy clustering. It is concluded that universes dominated by cold dark matter in which light traces mass are probably not viable models.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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  • 8
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    Large scale structure in universes dominated by cold dark matter (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The theory of Gaussian random density field peaks is applied to a numerical study of the large-scale structure developing from adiabatic fluctuations in models of biased galaxy formation in universes with Omega = 1, h = 0.5 dominated by cold dark matter (CDM). The angular anisotropy of the cross-correlation function demonstrates that the far-field regions of cluster-scale peaks are asymmetric, as recent observations indicate. These regions will generate pancakes or filaments upon collapse. One-dimensional singularities in the large-scale bulk flow should arise in these CDM models, appearing as pancakes in position space. They are too rare to explain the CfA bubble walls, but pancakes that are just turning around now are sufficiently abundant and would appear to be thin walls normal to the line of sight in redshift space. Large scale streaming velocities are significantly smaller than recent observations indicate. To explain the reported 700 km/s coherent motions, mass must be significantly more clustered than galaxies with a biasing factor of less than 0.4 and a nonlinear redshift at cluster scales greater than one for both massive neutrino and cold models.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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  • 9
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    A compact planetary nebula around the hot white dwarf EGB 6/PG 0950 + 139 (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The remarkable central star (0950 + 139), a very hot DA/DAO white dwarf, of the planetary nebula EGB 6 is described. Follow-up observations relevant to the analyses of both the nebula and the stellar photosphere are presented. Three kinds of scenarios are discussed to account for the existence of this peculiar nebula, but none appears very promising. The first consideration is that the nebula was ejected from the white dwarf as a discret event. This hypothesis is heavily constrained by the nebular size, density, and expansion rate; by the low luminosity and radius of the star; and by the absence of evidence for variation in density-sensitive forbidden lines from 1978 to 1987. No plausible mechanism can cause the observed amount of mass to be lost directly from a white dwarf in a steady or sporadic wind, at outflow velocities orders of magnitude below the escape velocity. Final consideration is given to the possibility that the gas is lost from a close companion star, but there is no evidence that this is a close binary system.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 346; 251-264
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  • 10
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    Isocurvature cold dark matter fluctuations (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: According to Preskill et al. (1983), the axion field represents a particularly attractive candidate for the dark matter in the universe. In many respects it behaves like other forms of cold dark matter, such as massive gravitinos, photinos, and monopoles. It is, however, a pseudo-Goldstone boson of very low mass, and it is only because of rapid coherent oscillations of the field that it can dominate the mass density of the universe. In the present paper it is assumed that the isocurvature mode is dominant. The linear evolution calculations conducted do not depend upon specific details of particle physics. For this reason, the conducted discussion is applicable to any cold dark matter model with isocurvature perturbations. The results of the study lead to the conclusion that scale-invariant isocurvature perturbations do not seem an attractive possibility for the origin of large-scale structure. The findings strengthen the review that primordial adiabatic perturbations were the dominant fluctuations in the early stages of the Big Bang.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Royal Astronomical Society, Monthly Notices (ISSN 0035-8711); 218; 103-121
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