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  • 1
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    Probability distribution of wind retrieval error for the NASA scatterometer (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The NASA scatterometer (NSCAT) is a spaceborne scatterometer scheduled to be deployed in the mid-1990s. An analysis of the wind retrieval error distribution for wind estimates based on backscatter measurements made by the NSCAT instrument is presented. The results are based on an end-to-end simulation of the scatterometer instrument and data processing. In general, the distribution of the wind speed error, when normalized, is independent of the true wind speed and direction. The wind speed error can be characterized by a normal distribution. The wind direction error is independent of the true wind speed, but depends on the true wind direction. Details for wind vectors with true wind speeds from 3 m/s to 33 m/s and true wind directions from 0 to 360 deg are presented.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Validation of Nimbus-7 cloud and SMMR data (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The relationship between cloud amount, water content (WC), and liquid water content (LWC) is studied. Nimbus-7 cloud data and LWC and WC data derived from the SMMR for July 1979 are analyzed and compared. The SMMR sea surface temperature (SST) data are also compared to Air Force SST data. The comparisons reveal that Nimbus-7 cloud data and the SMMR WC and LWC data correlate well, and there is also good agreement between the SMMR SST and the Air Force data. The data demonstrate that there is a relation between the WC, LWC, and cloud amount data.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
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  • 3
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    Satellite rainfall retrieval by logistic regression (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The potential use of logistic regression in rainfall estimation from satellite measurements is investigated. Satellite measurements provide covariate information in terms of radiances from different remote sensors.The logistic regression technique can effectively accommodate many covariates and test their significance in the estimation. The outcome from the logistical model is the probability that the rainrate of a satellite pixel is above a certain threshold. By varying the thresholds, a rainrate histogram can be obtained, from which the mean and the variant can be estimated. A logistical model is developed and applied to rainfall data collected during GATE, using as covariates the fractional rain area and a radiance measurement which is deduced from a microwave temperature-rainrate relation. It is demonstrated that the fractional rain area is an important covariate in the model, consistent with the use of the so-called Area Time Integral in estimating total rain volume in other studies. To calibrate the logistical model, simulated rain fields generated by rainfield models with prescribed parameters are needed. A stringent test of the logistical model is its ability to recover the prescribed parameters of simulated rain fields. A rain field simulation model which preserves the fractional rain area and lognormality of rainrates as found in GATE is developed. A stochastic regression model of branching and immigration whose solutions are lognormally distributed in some asymptotic limits has also been developed.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-180485 , NAS 1.26:180485
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Rain estimation from satellites - Areal rainfall-rain area relation (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The relationship between the areal rainfall rate and the rain area was investigated using rainfall rate data collected in the so-called B-scale during the first two phases of GATE. The data for the first two phases, each lasting about three weeks, are based mainly on the C-band radar observations carried out on board a research vessel at the center of the B-scale area 200 km in diameter, which is located at roughly 8.5 N, 23.5 W. It is demonstrated that the areal average rainfall rate correlates significantly with the rain area if the area under consideration is large compared to the Lagrangian integral scale.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography; Feb 01, 1988 - Feb 05, 1988; Anaheim, CA; United States
    Format: text
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