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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (150)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (78)
  • General Chemistry  (35)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (33)
  • 1985-1989  (284)
  • 1945-1949  (12)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iminophosphorane-mediated synthesis of mesoionic 1,3,4-Oxadiazolo-[3,2-a]pyridinylium-2-aminides (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 121 (1988), S. 1495-1500 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Iminophosphoran-vermittelte Syntheses von mesoionischen 1,3,4- Oxadiazolo[3,2a]pyridinylium-2-aminidenDas Iminophosphoran 2 reagiert mit Methylisocyanat zu dem mesoionischen 1,3,4-Oxadiazolo[3,2-a]pyridinylium-2-methylaminid 3, das durch CF3SO3CH3 zum 1,3,4-Oxadiazolo[3,2-a]-pyridinium-Kation 4 methyliert wird. Struktur 4 wurde durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse gesichert. Durch Einwirkung von Base lagert das mesoionische Aminid 3 zum isomeren mesoionischen 1,3,4-Triazolo[3,2-a]pyridinylium-2-olat 11 um. Verbindung 3 wird durch (Arylimino)triphenylphosphorane in die entsprechenden 1,3,4-Oxadiazolo[3,2-a]pyridinium-2-arylaminide 12 umgewandelt, die auch aus Iminophosphoran 2 und Hydroximoylchloriden zugänglich sind.
    Notes: Reaction of iminophosphorane 2 with methyl isocyanate yields the mesoionic 1,3,4-oxadiazolo[3,2-a]pyridinylium-2-methylamindie 3, which undergoes N-methylation with CF3SO3CH3 to give the 1,3,4-oxadiazolo[3,2-a]pyridinium cation 4. The structure of compound 4 has been established by means of X-ray crystallography. Mesoionic aminide 3 undergoes rearrangement by the action of base to give the isomeric mesoionic compound 1,3,4-triazolo[3,2-a]pyridinylium-2-olate 11. Compound 3 by the action of (arylimino)triphenylphosphoranes is converted into the corresponding 1,3,4-oxadiazolo[3,2-a]pyridinylium-2-arylaminides 12, which can be also prepared from iminophosphorane 2 and hydroximoyl chlorides.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19881210825
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of chemical structure on glass transition temperatures of poly(propylene terephthalate) and poly(propylene isophthalate) (1988)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 189 (1988), S. 691-699 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Poly(propylene terephthalate)Systematic IUPAC name: poly(oxypropyleneoxyterephthaloyl). (PPTP) and poly(propylene isophthalate)Systematic IUPAC name: poly(oxypropyleneoxyisophthaloyl). (PPIP) were prepared by melt polycondensation. Different fractions with number-average molar masses in the range 5 000 - 20 000 g·mol-1 were obtained and their respective glass transition temperatures (Tg) determined by calorimetry. The solubility parameters of the polymers were obtained by viscosity measurements in different solvents and were found to be 9,4 and 9,5 cal1/2·cm-3/2 (19,2·103 and 19,4·103 J1/2·m-3/2) for PPIP and PPTP, respectively. The glass transition temperatures were compared with those reported for analogous polyesters and it was shown that intramolecular interactions highly influence the Tg of these polyesters, whereas the effect of intermolecular interactions seems to be less important.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1988.021890321
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative electromyography of the masticatory muscles of Pteropus giganteus (Megachiroptera) (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 196 (1988), S. 73-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Mastication has been studied by cinematography and quantitative electromyography while flying foxes, Pteropus giganteus, were freely feeding on standardized pieces of apple, soaked raisin, and banana.The primarily orthal mandibular movements are caused by mainly bilaterally symmetrical firing of all the masticatory muscles. Asymmetric activity in the superficial and deep masseter and medial pterygoid causes slight protrusion early in opening. Slight lateral deviations at the end of opening and at the start of closing are caused by asymmetric and asynchronous activity in the pterygoids and digastrics, and by asynchronous firing of the deep temporalis and zygomaticomandibularis. Food consistency affects movement characteristics as well as characteristics of muscular activity.In this study electromyograms were digitized and the number of spikes and mean amplitude per interval (set by the filming rate) recorded. Although a significant correlation exists between these descriptors, the product thereof appears to be the best predictor of certain kinematic variables (cycle length and maximum excursion of the mandible). On the other hand, the changes in magnitude of muscular activity as a function of the position of a cycle in the reduction sequence and as a function of food consistency are more translated in a variation of the mean amplitude than in a variation of the number of spikes per interval. Observed variation differs among muscles studied. It is most apparent in the superficial and deep masseter and least in the temporalis and zygomaticomandibularis.Late cycles of apple and raisin mastication are long and exhibit large gapes but almost no anterior movement. The adductor activity frequently shows a synchronized, pulsatile pattern leading to an unfused tetanus.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051960107
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short fiber-reinforced thermoplastic elastomers from blends of natural rubber and polyethylene (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 32 (1986), S. 5123-5146 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Thermoplastic elastomer blends of natural rubber (NR) with high density polyethylene (HDPE) and with low density polyethylene (LDPE) were reinforced with short silk fiber. Processing characteristics such as torque and temperature developed during mixing and the effect of processing parameters such as nip gap and number of passes in the mill necessary to secure maximum orientation of the fibers in the blends were studied. A small nip gap and a single pass in the mill were found to give best results. Of the different mixing sequences studied, the sequence where short fibers followed by rubber were added to the molten thermoplastic was found to give a uniform dispersion of fibers. Fiber breakage and the change in aspect ratio of the fibers after mixing were also examined. It was observed that, as a direct consequence of the mixing sequence, each fiber was coated with a layer of thermoplastic. Although the properties improved on the addition of the dry bonding system of silica-resorcinol-hexamethylenetetramine, the comparatively long curing time required for full development of adhesion between the fibers and the matrix proved to be a major disadvantage associated with the incorporation of the bonding system. The tensile and tear properties were substantially enhanced, but the ultimate elongation decreased sharply with increasing loading of short fibers in the blends. The effect of fiber orientation and the development of anisotropy in the properties was also noted. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies of the benzene-extracted surfaces of the NR/HDPE (high density polyethylene) blends substantiated the theory of fibers behaving like “mechanical anchors” between the rubber and thermoplastic phase. The effect of fiber loading on the tear and tensile properties of the blends of NR/LDPE with varying blend ratios was studied. Most pronounced improvement in the properties on the addition of short fibers was observed in the high rubber blends. As the plastic content in the blends increased, the short fibers were found to have a lesser influence on the properties. SEM photomicrographs of the tensile and tear fracture surfaces indicated the fiber orientations and the effect of orientation, fiber loading, and blend ratios on the nature of fracture.
    Additional Material: 31 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1986.070320530
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aromatic polyisophthalamides with oxybenzoyl pendent groups (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 24 (1986), S. 483-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of polyisophthalamides containing pendent oxybenzoyl groups were prepared from 5-oxybenzoyl-isophthaloyl chloride and aromatic diamines. The analogous unsubstituted polyisophthalamides were also prepared in order to compare the two series and to determine the effect of oxybenzoyl pendent groups on the properties of aromatic polyamides. The modified polymers exhibited better solubility than, and approximately the same glass transition temperatures (in the range 260-290°C) as, the parent unsubstituted polymers. The mechanical strength of polymer films was affected only to a small extent by the presence of side groups, but the thermal resistance was negatively affected, with the result that polyisophthalamides with oxybenzoyl pendent groups began to decompose at about 360°C (TGA), 60-100°C lower than the unsubstituted polyisophthalamides. By means of an appropriate thermal treatment, crosslinking of the modified polymers was achieved and their thermal resistance significantly enhanced.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1986.080240307
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fully aromatic poly(ether-esters) (1988)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 26 (1988), S. 313-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1988.140260707
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of submicroscopic gold particles combined with video contrast enhancement as a simple molecular probe for the living cell (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 6 (1986), S. 105-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: video-microscopy ; colloidal gold ; immunocytochemistry ; microtubules ; receptors ; saltatory motion ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We describe a new approach to probe the molecular biology of the living cell that uses small colloidal gold particles coupled to specific ligands. They are visualized in cells by bright-field, video enhanced contrast microscopy. We describe the basic aspects of the technique and provide examples of applications to intracellular motility, cell membrane dynamics, receptor translocation, internalization, and intracellular routing. We also provide examples of the use of this approach in immunospecific labelling of cells and tissue sections.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970060207
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-vulcanizable rubber blend system based on epoxidized natural rubber and carboxylated nitrile rubber (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 27 (1989), S. 361-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1989.140271003
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformational characteristics of aromatic polyesters: Comparative study of the polarity of poly(propyleneglycol terephthalate) and poly(ethyleneglycol terephthalate) (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 25 (1987), S. 2403-2407 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1987.090251115
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of imide end-capped oligomers of poly(diethyleneglycol terephthalate) (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 38 (1989), S. 1745-1759 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A series of imide end-capped oligoesters were prepared by reacting a number of hydroxylterminated poly(diethyleneglycol terephthalate) oligomers (X̄n ranging from 1 to 20) with N-(4-chlorocarbonylphenyl)maleimide and N-(4-chlorocarbonylphenyl)nadimide. All the oligomers were characterized by vapor pressure osmometry, 1H- and 13C-NMR and GPC. The thermal properties were also investigated and a correlation of the thermal behavior with molecular weight and the type of reactive end groups was established. Molecular models were also synthesized and characterized to obtain reliable analytical data for the determination of the oligomers composition.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070380913
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