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  • Organic Chemistry  (328)
  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING  (103)
  • AIRCRAFT
  • 1985-1989  (175)
  • 1955-1959  (87)
  • 1930-1934  (94)
  • 1925-1929  (79)
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Keywords
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Year
  • 1
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    MODIS - Advanced facility instrument for studies of the earth as a system (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS), a key part of the Earth Observing System planned for the 1990's, is described. The complementary MODIS-T (64 channels) and MODIS-N (40 channels) instruments provide a multispectral observing capability that has application to land, ocean, and atmospheric research. The modules have a 500-1000 meter spatial resolution to accompany a swath width sufficient to provide two-day repeat coverage from a polar-orbiting, sun-synchronous, space-station serviceable platform. High signal-to-noise capability (500/1 or better) and 10-12 bit quantization over the dynamic ranges of the various spectral bands will be provided by the two modules.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
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  • 2
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    Comparative analysis of different sensor data (Landsat-TM and MOMS) for earth observation and impact on future sensor development (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The missions of the German Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral Scanner (MOMS) aboard two STS flights demonstrated the feasibility of a novel concept with regard to both technical and scientific objectives. On account of the successful missions, a cooperation was agreed between the German Federal Minister for Research nad Technology and NASA for comparing MOMS observations with the more familiar operational Landsat-TM data over selected test sites, as a means of obtaining some relative measure of performance. This paper summarizes the results obtained and presents the MOMS-02, a further experimental representative of the MOMS program aiming at the realization of an operational system for the mid-nineties.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
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  • 3
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    Preliminary results of a quantitative comparison of the spectral signatures of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral Scanner (MOMS). (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Operationally acquired Thematic Mapper and experimental MOMS-01 data are evaluated quantitatively concerning the systems spectral response and performance for geoscientific applications. Results show the two instruments to be similar in the spectral bands compared. Although the MOMS scanner has a smaller IFOV, it has a lower modulation transfer function performance for small, low contrast features as compared to Thematic Mapper. This deficiency does not only occur when MOMS was switched to the low gain mode. It is due to the CD arrays used (ITEK CCPD 1728).
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: ESA Proceedings of the Third International Colloquium on Spectral Signatures of Objects in Remote Sensing; p 335-341
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  • 4
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    Landsat image data quality studies (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Preliminary results of the Landsat-4 Image Data Quality Analysis (LIDQA) program to characterize the data obtained using the Thematic Mapper (TM) instrument on board the Landsat-4 and Landsat-5 satellites are reported. TM design specifications were compared to the obtained data with respect to four criteria, including spatial resolution; geometric fidelity; information content; and image relativity to Multispectral Scanner (MSS) data. The overall performance of the TM was rated excellent despite minor instabilities and radiometric anomalies in the data. Spatial performance of the TM exceeded design specifications in terms of both image sharpness and geometric accuracy, and the image utility of the TM data was at least twice as high as MSS data. The separability of alfalfa and sugar beet fields in a TM image is demonstrated.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177); 5; 5, 19
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  • 5
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    Comparative point-spread function calculations for the MOMS-1, Thematic Mapper and SPOT-HRV instruments (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-29
    Description: Point-spread functions (PSF) comparisons were made between the Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral Scanner (MOMS-01), the LANDSAT Thematic Mapper (TM) and the SPOT-HRV instruments, principally near Lake Nakuru, Kenya. The results, expressed in terms of the width of the point spread functions at the 50 percent power points as determined from the in-scene analysis show that the TM has a PSF equal to or narrower than the MOMS-01 instrument (50 to 55 for the TM versus 50 to 68 for the MOMS). The SPOT estimates of the PSF range from 36 to 40. When the MOMS results are adjusted for differences in edge scanning as compared to the TM and SPOT, they are nearer 40 in the 575 to 625 nm band.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: ESA, Proceedings of the 4th International Colloquium on Spectral Signatures in Remote Sensing; p 407-412
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  • 6
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    Calibration and evaluation of AVIRIS data: Cripple Creek in October 1987 (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data were obtained over Cripple Creek and Canon City Colorado on October 19, 1987 at local noon. Multiple ground calibration sites were measured within both areas with a field spectrometer and samples were returned to the laboratory for more detailed spectral characterization. The data were used to calibrate the AVIRIS data to ground reflectance. Once calibrated, selected spectra in the image were extracted and examined, and the signal to noise performance was computed. Images of band depth selected to be diagnostic of the presence of certain minerals and vegetation were computed. The AVIRIS data were extremely noisy, but images showing the presence of goethite, kaolinite and lodgepole pine trees agree with ground checks of the area.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Proceedings of the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrome; Jet Propulsion Lab.,
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  • 7
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    Automatic continuum analysis of reflectance spectra (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: A continuum algorithm based on a Segmented Upper Hull method (SUH) is described. An upper hull is performed on segments of a spectrum defined by local minima and maxima. The segments making a complete spectrum are then combined. The definition of the upper hull allows the continuum to be both concave and/or convex, adapting to the shape of the spectrum. The method performs multiple passes on a spectrum by segmenting each local maximum to minimum and performing an upper hull. The algorithm naturally adapts to the widths of absorption features, so that all features are found, including the nature of doublets, triplets, etc. The algorithm is also reasonably fast on common minicomputers so that it might be applied to the large data sets from imaging spectrometers.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: JPL Proceedings of the 3rd Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Data Analysis Workshop; p 138-142
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  • 8
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    Causes of spurious features in spectral reflectance data (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Several techniques are becoming common in the analysis of imaging spectrometer data that can lead to spurious absorption features or to changes in the position, width, and shape of actual absorption features. It is a common practice to calibrate AIS or other imaging spectrometer data by averaging each pixel along the flight line. The average is used to calibrate the spectral data by dividing the spectrum at each pixel by the average. If some pixels in the data set contain an absorption, then the average will also show an absorption. Some AIS data has had problems with wavelength stability from one scan line to the next which can produce spurious features with some analysis methods. If a pixel has a spectrum with an absorption having a different position or width than the spectrum used in a ratio, then the ratio can produce a spurious absorption at a different position and width than the true absorption feature. An average spectrum ratioed to each pixel will produce band shifts, and changes in width or shape. If continuum removal is performed by substraction rather than division, band positions can also be shifted.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: JPL Proceedings of the 3rd Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Data Analysis Workshop 132-137 (SEE N88-13755 05-42); JPL Proceedings of t
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  • 9
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    Geometric correction of Landsat 4 and 5 Thematic Mapper data (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Landsat-4 was launched on July 16, 1982, while the launch of Landsat-5 took place on March 1, 1984. The earth-observing instruments employed were the Multispectral Scanner (MSS), which has flown since 1972 on Landsat satellites, and the Thematic Mapper (TM). The TM provides improved spatial radiance and spectral resolution. The improved capabilities of the TM, the use of different scanning mechanisms relative to the MSS, and the use of a new spacecraft with different mechanical operating characteristics led to a significant challenge in processing the TM and MSS data. The current paper has mainly the objective to present recent results which can provide information regarding the quality of processing as measured against specifications. The results obtained so far for the Thematic Mapper Image Processing System (TIPS), though limited, are found to be quite encouraging as far as the geometric processing of the TM is concerned.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
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  • 10
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    Remote sensing of the earth's surface; Proceedings of the Symposium 2, Topical Meeting, and Workshop I of the 27th COSPAR Plenary Meeting, Espoo, Finland, July 18-29, 1988 (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-09
    Description: The present conference discusses topics in the spaceborne study of the earth's surface, crust, and lithosphere, recent results from SPOT and Landsat TM investigations, and microwave observations of snowpack and soil properties. Attention is given to airborne and satellite-borne gravimetry, stereoviewing from space, TM studies of volcanism and tectonism in central Mexico, remote sensing of volcanoes, the uses of SPOT in forest management, the tectonics of the central Andes, and the application of VLBI to crustal movement studies. Also discussed are Landsat TM band ratios for soil investigations, snow dielectric measurements, the microwave radiometry of snow, microwave signatures of bare soil, the estimation of Alpine snow properties from Landsat TM data, and an experimental study of vegetable canopy microwave emissions.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: (ISSN 0273-1177)
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