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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 7 (1969), S. 435-445 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A general approach to the determination of relative stability of any pair of con-formational states of biological macromolecules or their complexes (in particular, to the determination of relative stability of native and disordered states of the macromolecule) has been suggested. For determining the free energy difference of the two states under the conditions when one of them is considerably more advantageous than the other, it is necessary for the macromolecule to be influenced by the transforming agent which levels free energies of both the conformational states, and to determine the external parameter derivative of the free energy difference in the region of the conformational transition induced by the change in this parameter. If the character of the dependence of this derivative on the external parameter (temperature, solvent composition, etc.) is known, then this allows the determination of the free energy difference of the two states under the conditions considered, even including conditions far from the transition region. The value of the derivative of the free energy difference in the transition region in many cases can be measured directly (in particular, when using calorimetry), while in cases when a direct measurement of the derivative is impossible, it can often he estimated experimentally from the steepness of the conformational transition. The methods of this estimation and also a possible character of the change of the considered derivative during variation of the external parameter are considered for the case when the transforming agent is one of the components of the solvent and, consequently, the derivative of the free energy difference is equal to the difference of number of molecules of this component hound with the macromolecule in two conformational states.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Heat denaturation of native globular proteins is a cooperative process usually connected with the melting of the main part of their regular secondary structure. In this paper, a noncooperative temperature-induced melting of the regular secondary structure in the carbonic anhydrase B at pH 2.6 in heavy water is observed by ir spectroscopy. The molecules of carbonic anhydrase B in an acid medium, unlike the native ones, do not have a specific tertiary structure. Nevertheless, the β-structure content is about the same in both of these states. A temperature-induced noncooperative melting process takes place from 10 to 67°C with a decrease of the antiparallel β-form content by about one third. The remaining part of the β-form melts with a more intensive heat absorption, with a maximum at 87°C. The whole melting process is practically reversible. We assume that the observed noncooperative process displays a general property of a new type of structural state of the globular protein - the “molten globule state.”
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 27 (1989), S. 433-436 
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 8 (1969), S. 559-571 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The possibility of determining the free energy of stabilization ΔG0 of native DNA structure with the help of calorimetric data on heats ΔH of transition from the native to denaturated state is considered. Results of microcalorimetric measurements of heats of denaturation of T2 phage DNA at, different values of pH and ionic strength of solution are given. Values of free energy of stabilization of the DNA native structure ΔG0 under various conditions have been obtained. It is shown that under conditions close to physiological ΔG0 approaches 1200 cal/mole per base pair.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Apo- and holo-forms of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase (LADH) in solution were studied by diffuse x-ray scattering. Experimental scattering curves for apo- and holo-forms coincide both with the curves calculated from the crystal structures of apo- and holo-enzymes, and with each other. Thus the “sliding” of catalytical domains in LADH upon substrate binding, which has been shown by x-ray analysis, cannot be detected by diffuse x-ray scattering. Sensitivity of the scattering curves to the domain displacements of sliding and “locking” types has been investigated. It has been shown that the scattering curves of LADH are rather sensitive to the domain “unlocking.” However, these curves change only slightly upon sliding of domains, including the sliding of domains observed in LADH by x-ray analysis.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 5 (1967), S. 785-787 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 25 (1985), S. 474-476 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Properties of two high performance engineering thermoplastics, amorphous polyethersulfone (PES) and semicrystalline polyetheretherketone (PEEK), are discussed. Both resins can be processed by conventional techniques, compounded with high performance fibers, and have high service temperature (up to 300°C). Due to the amorphous character PES can be dissolved and spray coated into metals.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 40 (1989), S. 126-128 
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Ein Verfahren zur Pfropfcopolymerisation von Acrylnitril auf gebleichte Holocellulose, wobei die nicht adsorbierten Cerionen aus dem Polymerisationssystem entfernt werden, wird beschrieben. Mit dieser Methode werden höhere Pfropfgrade und höhere Pfropfausbeuten erreicht als bei der kontinuierlichen Initiierung.
    Notes: The graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile onto bleached holocellulose using an initiation procedure in which the unadsorbed ceric ions are removed from the polymerization system is reported. With this method higher graft levels and higher efficiency of grafting is achieved than with the continuous initiation method.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; yeast ; chromosomes ; cell division ; mitosis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have identified four new genetic loci: CHL2 (on chromosome XII) CHL3 (on chromosomes XII); CHL4 (on chrosomes IV), and CHL5 (on chromosomes IX), controlling mitotic transmission of yeast chromosomes. The frequency of loss of chromosomes is 10-100-fold in chl5, chl2, chl3 and chl4 mutants than observed in wild-type strains. The mutants also unstable maintenance of artifcial circular minichromosomes with various chromosomal replicators (ARS) and one of the concentrations loci (CEN3, CEN4, CEN5, or CEN6). The instability of minichrosomes in the chl5, chl2, and chl4 mutants id due to the loss of minichromosomes in mitosis (1 : 0 segregation). In the chl3 mutant the instability of artificial minichromosomes is due to nondisjunction (2 : 0 segregation). The CHL3 gene therfre appears to affect the segregation of chromosomes during cell division.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 40 (1989), S. 708-710 
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die durch Cerionen initiierte Pfropfung von Methylmethacrylat auf Stärke wurde untersucht, wobei die nicht absorbierten Cerionen entweder im Substrat blieben oder entfernt wurden. Der Pfropfgrad, die Molekülmasse der gepfropften Ketten und die Anzahl der Pfropfungen wurden in Abhängigkeit von der Konzentration der Cerionen bestimmt. Auf Basis der erhaltenen Ergebnisse wird der Mechanismus der Pfropfreaktion diskutiert.
    Notes: Methyl methacrylate was grafted onto starch by the ceric ion method with and without removing of the unabsorbed ceric ions. Graft level, molecular weight of the grafted chains, and number of the grafted chains were measured in dependence on ceric ion concentration. On base of the results the mechanism of the grafting reaction is discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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