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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (14)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (14)
  • 1985-1989  (10)
  • 1965-1969  (4)
  • 1930-1934
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Post-gamma-irradiation grafting of polypropylene. Part II. Butadiene: E.S.R. experiments (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 24 (1986), S. 3089-3099 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ESR spectra of gamma irradiated annealed and quenched forms of polypropylene film have been studied at the temperatures used for post-irradiation grafting experiments with butadiene, described in Part I. On warming from low temperature there is radical loss by termination and some radical transformation to radicals with optimum stability in annealed polypropylene at approximately 45°C. These radicals, which may be allyl type, are sited at the crystal faces, and decay more rapidly at higher temperatures in annealed polypropylene; in quenced polypropylene their concentration never exceeds one third the optimum observed in annealed polypropylene. Correlation with the grafting experiments suggests that allyl radicals are important for long-term grafting. Effects on the ESR spectrum of adding butadiene to the system show that in the long-term butadiene adds exclusively to the allyl radicals and that alkyl radicals still present at that stage are precursors to the allyl radicals. They do not react directly with butadiene presumably because they are sited in the inaccessible crystal core. Experiments at lower temperature show that butadiene does react with alkyl radicals in accessible regions.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1986.080241133
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Probing changes in the structure and performance of a lithium nickel oxide catalyst by in situ X-ray diffraction during the high temperature oxidative coupling of methaneWe thank the Science and Engineering Research Council for a studentship (to I J P), a fellowship (to P J M) and an equipment grant (to J M T). (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 1 (1989), S. 194-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19890010604
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-Dimensional NMR studies of [Pro-10] atrial natriuretic factor [7-23] (1988)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 27 (1988), S. 313-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The conformational properties of an analog of atrial naturiuretic factor, [Pro-10] ANF(7-23), were examined in H2O, H2O/DMSO-d6 (2/1), and DMSO-d6 using two-dimensional nmr techniques. The sequence differs from the native peptide by the absence of the exocyclic N- and C-terminal residues, and the substitution of a proline for a glycine at position 10 - a modification expected to reduce the conformational flexibility of this analog. The backbone proton nmr resonances were assigned from two-dimensional correlated spectroscopy (2D-COSY), relayed COSY, and 2D nuclear Overhàuser enhancement (NOE) experiments, and the solution conformation was evaluated from vicinal spin-spin coupling constants and NOE data. Despite the substitution of a proline in the sequence, [Pro-10] ANF(7-23) exhibits a considerable amount of flexibility in all of the solvents employed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360270210
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polydispersity effects on diffusion in polymers: Concentration profiles of d-polystyrene measured by forward recoil spectrometry (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 24 (1986), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Forward recoil spectrometry is shown to be a useful technique for measuring diffusion of d-polymer chains in h-polymer melts. Concentration profiles of a deuterated diffusing species may be determined with a depth resolution of 80 nm and a sensitivity of 0.1 vol % d-polymer in h-polymer. Consequently diffusion coefficients as small as 10-16 cm2/s can be readily measured. If polymer chains diffuse by a reptation mechanism, the concentration profile ø(x) of diffusing polydisperse polymer should be quite different from øm(x), the Fickian solution, which one obtains for monodisperse polymer. This idea was tested by measuring ø(x) of polydisperse d-polystyrene (d-PS) diffusing into h-PS. The results are in excellent agreement with the ø(x) predicted from the reptation model and the experimentally determined molecular weight distribution.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1986.180240101
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ESR study of reactions of cellulose initiated by the ceric ion methodPaper presented in part at the IUPAC International Symposium on Macromolecular Chemistry, Tokyo and Kyoto, Japan, September 28-October 4, 1966. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 10 (1966), S. 1591-1606 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The ESR spectra of microcrystalline cellulose and purified cotton cellulose reacted with ceric ammonium nitrate in nitric acid were determined. The effects of the concentration of ceric ion, atmosphere, temperature, and graft copolymerization with acrylonitrile on the rates of formation and decay of radicals in the cellulose molecule were determined under both static and dynamic conditions. Under static conditions, after the desired conditions of reaction, the samples were frozen at -100 or -160°C., and then the concentration of free radicals was determined. Under dynamic conditions ceric ion solution was continuously flowed through the celluloses while these determinations were being made at 25°C. In the presence of oxygen the rate of decay of free radicals was decreased. On initiation of copolymerization reactions with acrylonitrile, there was an increase in radical concentration, then a decrease. Apparently, during graft copolymerization the radical site initially on the cellulose molecule was retained on the end of the growing polymer chain. Then additional ceric ion coordinated with the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose, leading to the formation of additional radical sites. An Arrhenius interpretation of the effect of temperature on the formation of these additional radical sites gave apparent activation energies for radical formation on cotton cellulose as 34 kcal./mole and on microcrystalline cellulose as 29 kcal./mole.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1966.070101015
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ESR spectra of copper complexes of cellulose (1968)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 12 (1968), S. 249-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The ESR spectra of complexes of fibrous cotton cellulose and cupriammonia dihydroxide or cupriethylene diamine dihydroxide under various experimental conditions were determined. The spectra of both complexes with cotton cellulose were almost identical at -100 and 25°C. The spectrum of the complex of cupriethylene diamine dihydroxide with cellulose was stable to temperatures as high as 100°C. The sum of the linewidths of the hyperfine components of the spectra for each complex was about 180 gauss. Cotton fibers were combed and aligned with their axes (lengths) parallel to the magnetic field (B∥); after formation of either of the complexes with cellulose a minumum of hyperfine structure of components centered at H∥ was observed. A maximum of hyperfine structure of these components was observed when the complexed fibers were aligned with their axes perpendicular to the magnetic field (B⊥). The opposite was true of components centered at H⊥. For a complex of cupriethylene diamine dihydroxide and cellulose at 25°C. and at high pH the g∥ was 2.2127 and the g∥ was 2.0476. It was suggested that the alignment of most of the complex was its axis of symmetry at a maximum angle to the axes of the cotton fiber, when the axes of the fibers were in the parallel alignment with the magnetic field. At high pH these observations were even more marked. When ramie was used with cupriethylene diamine dihydroxide at high pH, the contribution of components centered at H∥ to the spectra was zero. Spectra for the copper compounds alone and complexed with cellobiose are also reported.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1968.070120202
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water immersion of polysulfide sealants. II. An interpretation of the influence of curing systems on water resistancePresented at Adhesives, Sealants and Encapsulants 85 (Network Events), London, U.K., November 1985. (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 32 (1986), S. 5415-5429 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Dichromate cured polysulfide sealants have superior resistance to swelling in hot water than those cured with manganese dioxide and examinations to identify the reasons for this difference were undertaken. The commercial sealants PR-1422, PR-1750, and Pro-Seal 899 were shown to contain similar types and loading of fillers. Crosslink densities were compared through a procedure involving an oscillating disc cure meter modified to accommodate mobile mixtures. No relationship between stability and crosslinking was observed. Formation of large voids in MnO2-cured sealants after prolonged immersion at 70-90°C, suggests the formation of a water-soluble acid which then reacts with the CaCO3 filler, and this was supported by pH measurements. The acid was shown to arise through autoxidation of formal groups in the polysulfide, and this process can be suppressed by radical scavengers (including ammonium dichromate). When PR-1750 was examined under nitrogen or with carbon black as filler, a similar time-swell curve to that of PR-1422 was produced. It was concluded that abnormal swell does not result simply from autoxidation: a filler capable of reacting with the acid must also be present.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1986.070320614
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ESR study of post-irradiation reactions of cellulose and acrylonitrile (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 11 (1967), S. 1139-1153 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An ESR study of the free-radical mechanisms of the post-irradiation reactions of cotton cellulose with acrylonitrile is reported. The effects of atmosphere, moisture content, and solutions of acrylonitrile on the yield and stability of free-radical sites in irradiated cellulose were determined. On interaction of γ-radiation from a 60Co source with cotton cellulose, long-lived free-radical sites were found within the molecular lattice. Short-lived free-radical sites were apparently also formed on chain cleavage, gave strong singlet spectra, and were readily accessible to interaction with water. Other free-radical sites were formed within regions of the cellulosic fiber which were inaccessible to moisture or aqueous solutions even after contact times as long as three days. It was suggested that long-lived free-radical sites in cellulose I (containing regain moisture) resulted from dehydrogenation at C5, and in cellulose II (containing regain moisture) resulted from dehydrogenation at C5 and dehydrogenation of the OH group or dehydroxylation at C6. When irradiated cellulose was contacted with a solution of acrylonitrile (15%) in 75% aqueous zinc chloride, the initial rate of decrease in spin concentration was higher than the rate of decrease as the time of contact increased. The ESR spectrum of the reacted cellulose, observed at -100°C., as compared with the spectrum for the irradiated cellulose, had decreased in signal strength with increase in time of contact and changed from a three-line spectrum to an ill-defined spectrum. The free radical being observed was probably due to unreacted sites in the cellulose. The extent of the graft copolymerization reaction was directly related to the initial spin concentration in the irradiated cellulose.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1967.070110712
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein-reactive, molded polystyrene surfaces having applications to immunoassay formats (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 34 (1987), S. 1917-1924 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Injection-molded polystyrene surfaces were chemically modified rendering them protein reactive. The process involves chlorosulfonation of the aromatic ring, sulfonamide formation with excess di- and triamines, and reaction of the residual pendant amines with various bifunctional molecules. Surfaces possessing pendant bromoacetyl, iodoacetyl, fluorodinitrophenyl, and trimellitic anhydride were prepared and can exhibit up to ten times more protein immobilization capability compared to unfunctionalized polystyrene, where the coupling takes place presumably via hydrophobic interaction.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070340510
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ultraviolet-cured, pH-sensitive membrane electrode for use in flow injection analysis (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 1 (1989), S. 353-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The preparation of an epoxyacrylate, UV-cured polymer membrane electrode for determining pH is described. This is based on the neutral carrier, tridodecylamine, and shows Nernstian behavior from pH 5 to 10. Interferences from cations in this range are negligible. The response of the electrode is very fast, reaching more than 90% of the equilibrium value in less than 1 second, which makes it very suitable for use in flow injection analysis (FIA). The application of the electrode to the determination of pH in flow injection analysis using a miniature flow cell is described, and the influence of the buffer capacity and pH of the carrier on the accuracy of the pH measurement is discussed. The FIA system has been applied to the determination of the acidity of some soil samples.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140010412
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