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  • SOLAR PHYSICS  (13)
  • ASTROPHYSICS  (11)
  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
  • 1975-1979  (28)
  • 1
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    Determination of the structure and heating mechanisms of coronal loops from soft X-ray observations with the solar probe (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: High resolution soft X-ray imaging from the solar probe is justified in terms of the expected scientific returns which include the determination of the temperature and density structure of a coronal loop. The advantages of the grazing incidence telescope over the multiple pinhole camera are discussed. An instrument package is described which includes a grazing incidence mirror, a thermal prefilter, a three position filter wheel and a focal plane detector baselined as an 800 by 800 back-illuminated charge coupled device. The structural assembly together with the data processing equipment would draw heavily on the designs being developed for the Solar Polar Mission.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 94-110
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  • 2
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    Hydrodynamic effects in the atmosphere of variable stars (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Numerical models of variable stars are established, using a nonlinear radiative transfer coupled hydrodynamics code. The variable Eddington method of radiative transfer is used. Comparisons are for models of W Virginis, beta Doradus, and eta Aquilae. From these models it appears that shocks are formed in the atmospheres of classical Cepheids as well as W Virginis stars. In classical Cepheids, with periods from 7 to 10 days, the bumps occurring in the light and velocity curves appear as the result of a compression wave that reflects from the star's center. At the head of the outward going compression wave, shocks form in the atmosphere. Comparisons between the hydrodynamic motions in W Virginis and classical Cepheids are made. The strong shocks in W Virginis do not penetrate into the interior as do the compression waves formed in classical Cepheids. The shocks formed in W Virginis stars cause emission lines, while in classical Cepheids the shocks are weaker.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Cepheid Modeling; p 71-83
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  • 3
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    Mean colors of Cepheids (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Color observations of Cepheids can be interpreted by a color effective temperature relation to give different T sub e values for each kind of mean color. Here, theoretical colors from numerical integrations of Cepheid pulsations are used to determine the proper method of taking the color mean in order to get, by the color T sub e relation, the correct nonpulsating T sub e.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Cepheid Modeling; p 43-55
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  • 4
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    Airborne laser induced fluorescence system for measuring OH and other trace gases in the parts-per-quadrillion to parts-per-trillion range (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Described in detail is a laser induced fluorescence system which has been successfully interfaced with two aircraft sampling platforms (i.e., Sabreliner jet and an L-188C Electra). This system, which has been under development for four years, presently consists of the following major components: (1) a Nd-Yag laser driven oscillator-amplifier dye laser; (2) a sampling manifold with associated fluorescence detection optics; (3) an OH calibration chamber; (4) a laser beam steering assembly; and (5) sampling electronics and data processing hardware. During the last three years, this system has been flown some 50,000 air miles making tropospheric OH radical measurements over the latitude range of 70 N to 57 S. OH concentrations measured during these flights have ranged from 30 parts-per-quadrillion (3.7 x 10 to the 5th molecules/sq cm) at altitudes of 6 km to 0.8 parts-per-trillion (2.0 x 10 to the 7th molecules/sq cm) at 0.5 km. Computations have been completed which indicate that the existing aircraft system with modest modifications should also be capable of detecting natural tropospheric levels of NO, SO2, CH2O, NO2, HNO2, NO3, H2O2 and CS2 by using both conventional laser-induced fluorescence methodology and multiphoton techniques.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Review of Scientific Instruments; 50; Dec. 197
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  • 5
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    Dielectronic recombination rates, ionization equilibrium, and radiative energy-loss rates for neon, magnesium, and sulfur ions in low-density plasmas (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Results of detailed and systematic calculations are presented for the total dielectronic recombination rate coefficients for the ions of Ne, Mg, and S in a low-density predominantly hydrogen plasma. The new recombination rates are used to calculate solar corona ionization-equilibrium distributions of the ions. The most important effect of dielectronic recombination for ions in corona equilibrium is found to be a shift in the maximum-abundance temperatures toward higher temperatures, which are in some cases reduced from those predicted on the basis of the simple Burgess formula.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 230
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  • 6
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    IUE observations of X-ray sources - HD153919 /4U1700-37/, HDE226868 /Cyg X-1/, HZ Her /Her X-1/ (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The first UV spectroscopic measurements of binary X-ray sources with IUE show highly variable emission from a photoionized plasma in the object HZ Her, and give evidence for localized circumsystem material in the binary source Cygnus X-1. In addition, a substantial stellar wind is found in one of the brightest identified X-ray sources HD153919. This system may be surrounded by an extensive H II region unusual in its content of high excitation ion species.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Nature; 275; Oct. 5
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  • 7
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    A real-time electronic imaging system for solar X-ray observations from sounding rockets (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A real-time imaging system for displaying the solar coronal soft X-ray emission, focussed by a grazing incidence telescope, is described. The design parameters of the system, which is to be used primarily as part of a real-time control system for a sounding rocket experiment, are identified. Their achievement with a system consisting of a microchannel plate, for the conversion of X-rays into visible light, and a slow-scan vidicon, for recording and transmission of the integrated images, is described in detail. The system has a quantum efficiency better than 8 deg above 8 A, a dynamic range of 1000 coupled with a sensitivity to single photoelectrons, and provides a spatial resolution of 15 arc seconds over a field of view of 40 x 40 square arc minutes. The incident radiation is filtered to eliminate wavelengths longer than 100 A. Each image contains 3.93 x 10 to the 5th bits of information and is transmitted to the ground where it is processed by a mini-computer and displayed in real-time on a standard TV monitor.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Space Science Instrumentation; 5; Dec. 197
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  • 8
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    Chromospheres of the active dwarf binaries EQ Pegasi and Xi Bootis (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Ultraviolet spectroscopic measurements of the M dwarf binary EQ Peg and the G8 V star Xi Boo A have been made with the International Ultraviolet Explorer satellite. High-temperature emission lines (N V, C IV, Si IV) are present with similar strengths in both stars. The surface fluxes of chromospheric and transition-region lines are enhanced relative to those of normal main-sequence stars and are comparable to those observed in solar active regions. If inhomogeneities are present, the surface fluxes may be markedly higher than the derived values. It is likely that the emission observed from EQ Peg was not the result of major flare activity; however, the quiescent radiative losses observed in the ultraviolet are comparable to the time-averaged optical flare losses. The similarity of the line emissions of active dwarfs of diverse spectral types suggests that the character of the transition region is independent of the stellar effective temperature.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 233
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  • 9
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    Comparison of flare bremsstrahlung resulting from energetic thermal and nonthermal electrons (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The paper investigates the behavior of the X-ray bremsstrahlung spectra resulting from two distinct types of electron distribution functions impinging on a target atmosphere during flare activity. A power-law distribution function is compared with two double-peaked Maxwellians. The results of these calculations show that it would be difficult to rule out multithermal interpretations for the emitted high-energy X-rays.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Solar Physics; 51; Jan
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  • 10
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    Solar wind stream structure during the early phase of solar cycles 20 and 21 (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Solar Physics; 60; Nov. 197
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