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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The inverse mapping and distortion measures for 8-node hexahedral isoparametric elements (1994)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 14 (1994), S. 189-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The inverse relations of the isoparametric mapping for the 8-node hexahedra are derived by using the theory of geodesics in differential geometry. Such inverse relations assume the form of infinite power series in the element geodesic coordinates, which are shown to be the skew Cartesian coordinates determined by the Jacobian of the mapping evaluated at the origin. By expressing the geodesic coordinates in turn in terms of the isoparametric coordinates, the coefficients in the resulted polynomials are suggested to be the distortion parameters of the element. These distortion parameters can be used to sompletely describe the inverse relations and the determinant of the Jacobian of the mapping. The meanings of them can also be explained geometrically and mathematically. These methods of defining the distortion measures and deriving the inverse relations of the mapping are completely general, and can be applied to any other two-or three-dimensional isoparametric elements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350284
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of sex pheromone components of female asian corn borer,Ostrinia furnacalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Taiwan (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 18 (1992), S. 833-840 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; Ostrinia furnacalis ; E12–14∶OAc ; Z12–14∶OAc ; 14∶OAc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract (E)-12-Tetradecenyl acetate (E12–14∶OAc), (Z)-12-tetradecenyl acetate (Z12–143nOAc), and tetradecanyl acetate (14∶OAc) were extracted and identified as major chemical components from female tips of the Asian corn borer,Ostrinia furnacalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Taiwan, with a combined wash ratio of 48∶37∶15 and an individual female ratio of 45∶39∶16. The average amount ofE12-,Z12–14∶OAc and 14∶OAc in each female gland was 6.6±4.6, 5.8±3.5, and 2.4±1.7 ng/female, respectively. The mixture of these three synthetic chemicals not only gave strong activities in male antennae but also could catch significantly more males than virgin females in field-trapping tests. The field test also showed no significant difference in trapping ability among the three-component Taiwan formulations, the two-component Taiwan formulation (Z12–14∶OAc andZ1214∶OAc, 53∶47), and the Japan formulation (Z12–14∶ OAc andE 12–14∶OAc, 3:2).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988323
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electroantennogram responses of synthetic periplanone-A and periplanone-B in the american cockroach (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 18 (1992), S. 371-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: American cockroach ; Periplaneta americana ; sex pheromone ; EAG response ; periplanone-A ; periplanone-B ; Orthoptera ; Blattidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The electroantennogram responses of synthetic (−)-periplanone-B (PB) and (−)-periplanone-A (PA) were evaluated by using the antennae of the unmated male American cockroachPeriplaneta americana L. The threshold concentrations of the pheromone activities for the two chemicals were similar. Neither a synergistic nor an inhibitory response was noted, and only an additive effect was detected when PA and PB were applied as a mixture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994238
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