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  • 1990-1994  (2)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-188X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract We examined university students' academic help-seeking under task-involved and ego-involved classroom conditions. The effects of these motivational sets on frequency of help-seeking were expected to depend on students' attributions for failure. Use of two types of help sources was investigated: (1) an instrumental help source that imparted useful strategies to the help-seeker, thereby allowing him or her to retain responsibility for solving the problem; (2) an executive help source that disclosed the solutions, thus relinquishing the help-seeker of the responsibility for independent problem-solving. We found that ego involvement increased executive help-seeking in students who attributed failure to low ability, but not in students who made effort attributions. Moreover, task involvement produced more instrumental help-seeking than ego involvement in all students regardless of their attribution style. Since executive help-seeking can impede academic development by inhibiting skill acquisition and by fostering dependence on a help source, university teachers should consider classroom strategies that promote task involvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-188X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Academic performance in higher education ultimately involves a complex interplay of student attributes and the educational environment. Although instruction is regarded as the major environmental factor affecting scholastic success, other factors can become more important when teaching does not produce the desired results. Attributional retraining is one alternative that shows considerable promise for enhancing students' motivation and achievement striving by changing how students think about their successes and failures. This paper reviews attributional retraining studies published since 1985 having a higher education focus. Their conceptual and methodological strengths and weaknesses are discussed in relation to Weiner's attribution theory. Within this context, attributional retraining is presented as a potentially viable and important intervention for improving college students' academic development, especially those students deemed to be at risk. In particular, attributional retraining is considered as an adjunct to, and possible aspect of, effective teaching.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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