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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 3308-3308 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Progress in the magnetic fusion programs has driven and been driven by the development of sophisticated diagnostic systems. The application of state of the art technologies has resulted in major strides in detailed measurements of plasma characteristics. We present the details of design studies carried out to develop specialized instrumentation. For application to optical spectroscopy, a compact multichannel spectroscopic monitor is described. This instrument is designed for simultaneous observation of plasma emissions from a variety of spatial locations. The heart of the system is an optical filter mosaic and MCP/CCD array. Applications include impurity emission monitoring, particle inventory, and working gas fraction measurements in minority heating experiments. The second instrument includes a detector design for application to high time resolution measurements of electron cyclotron emissions. The system is based on arrays of slot-antennae/detectors manufactured on single semiconductor wafers. This millimeter-wave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) device can be tailored to detect radiation in the 50–300 GHz range typical of tokamak plasmas. Advantages include uniformity of detector response, spectral resolution without gratings, and high spatial resolution. Details of both designs will be discussed with emphasis on ranges of application in present and next generation machines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 7 (1991), S. 1923-1927 
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 94 (1994), S. 1-2 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: 79.60.Cn ; 78.70.Dm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report on comparative study of angle-resolved photoelectron spectra of Ni metal and CeGd at theM III andN IV,V soft-x-ray absorption threshold, respectively. OnM III resonance, the valence-band photoemission (PE) intensity of Ni follows a cos2-behavior, while the intensity of the 6-eV satellite is independent of the angle of emission relative to the E-vector of the incoming beam. On the other hand, the 4f Ce PE signal behaves ∝ cos2 onN IV,V resonance. This clearly shows that the resonant enhancement of the 6-eV PE satellite of Ni is mainly caused by an incoherent Auger decay and cannot be described as a resonant PE process.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archiv der Mathematik 60 (1993), S. 543-545 
    ISSN: 1420-8938
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Population genetics ; Segregation distortion ; Lethals ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Muller's ratchet
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Segregation Distorter (SD) associated with the second chromosome of D. melanogaster is found in nature at equilibrium frequencies lower than 5%. We report extremely high frequencies of SD (30–50%) in two selected strains, established in 1976, and show it to be responsible for the accumulation of deleterious genes in chromosome II. Samples of chromosomes extracted over a 4-year period were characterized with respect to distortion, sensitivity, lethality, sterility, and inversions. SD chromosomes were inversion-free as they have been shown to be in the Mediterranean area. The cosmopolitan inversion In(2L)t was found associated with SD + chromosomes. Lines polymorphic for SD have accumulated linked lethal and female-sterile genes approaching a near balanced system. It is proposed that deleterious genes linked in coupling to SD were accumulated by the balancing effect of distortion, while drift and restricted recombination account for the accumulation of deleterious genes linked in repulsion by a mechanism similar to Muller's ratchet. Our results should not be viewed as a particular case as SD chromosomes associated with detrimental genes and inversions are present in almost all populations around the world. The system could evolve in the way we describe whenever equilibrium conditions are broken down in small populations and lead to an increase in SD frequency.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 342 (1992), S. 597-600 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The automatization of a spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of zinc at trace level is described. It is based on the formation of the fluorescent complex Zn(II)-5,7-dibromo-8-quinolinol [Zn(II)-DBQ] followed by extraction into diethylether using flow injection analysis. The optimum fluorescent emission is reached in hexamethylenetetramine (H2MTA+/HMTA) buffer pH 6.0. A membrane phase separator was used. The calibration graph is linear up to 1.5 μg/ml of Zn(II). The proposed method (detection limit 3 ng/ml) is very selective and has been successfully applied to determine Zn(II) in biological samples, tap waters and various food items.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: 36.40.+d ; 74.75.+t ; 79.60.−i
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The electronic structure of K-doped C60 was investigated by photoemission (PE) and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) studies at the C-1s and K-2p thresholds. In addition, information on the local K-derived partial density of states in superconducting K3C60 was obtained by resonant PE at the K-2p 1/2 threshold. The experimental observations support a complete charge transfer from K to C60 and we clearly observe a finite density of states atE F . From resonant PE, occupied states with K-p, d character could be identified in the binding-energy region from 1.5 to 8 eV below, but not directly at the Fermi level. This partial-density-of-states structure agrees well with the results of our band-structure calculations based on the local-density approximation.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 95 (1994), S. 9-12 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: 74.70.Vy ; 78.70.Dm ; 79.60.Eq
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Resonant photoemission studies have been performed at the 2p soft-x-ray absorption thresholds of Fe, Co, and Ni metal. At resonance, the photoelectron intensity exhibits a strong enhancement in the region of the two-hole satellites, which is shown, however, to be mostly due to an incoherent superposition of a photoemission signal with a more intense signal from anL 3 M 4,5 M 4,5 Coster-Kronig decay of the core-ionized state. The resonant enhancement of the valence-band photoemission satellite in Ni metal amounts to a factor of ≃12. In contrast, no photoemission satellites are observed for Fe and Co metal.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Aproaerema modicella ; parasitoid ; pathogen ; groundnut ; India ; Aproaerema modicella ; parasitoïde ; pathogène ; arachide ; Inde
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La mineuse des feuilles d'arachide,Aproaerema modicella (Deventer) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) est un ravageur important des cultures d'arachide et de soja en Asie du sud. Un grand nombre d'ennemis naturels des larves de la mineuse, notamment des parasitoïdes hyménoptères, ont été signalés. Au cours de cette étude, neuf espèces de parasitoïdes primaires et huit espèces de parasitoïdes secondaires ont été obtenues par émergence à partir de larves prélevées sur le terrain. Les taux de mortalité dûs à ces parasitoïdes peuvent atteindre 50% des larves de chaque génération de la mineuse. L'efficacité de ces ennemis naturels est diminuée par l'emploi d'insecticides. Les interactions trophiques entre parasitoides primaires et secondaires au sein de cette biocoenose sont complexes et ne sont pas entièrement élucidées. Deux pathogènes non-identifiés ont aussi été notés sur les larves de la mineuse. Les taux de mortalité des larves de la mineuse dûs à ces deux pathogènes en combinaison ont atteint 30% dans le cas d'une des générations étudiées. Au total, les ennemis naturels en Inde péninsulaire provoquent une mortalité de 95% des larves de la mineuse.
    Notes: Abstract Natural enemies of the groundnut leaf miner,Aproaerema modicella (Deventer), were studied at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) located near Hyderabad in peninsular India. Hymenopterous parasitoids attacking leaf miner larvae were the most important group of natural enemies. Nine primary and eight secondary parasitoids emerged from host larvae, and killed up to 50% of the leaf miner larvae sampled. The trophic relationships between primary and secondary parasitoids are incompletely understood. The influence of pathogens of this species is reported for the first time. These pathogens killed up to 30% of the leaf miner larvae. The combined effects of all mortality agents killed up to 95% of the leaf miner larvae per sample period. However, use of insecticides in sprayed plots reduced the efficacy of parasitoids. The impact of predators on larval populations was not studied and may explain underestimates of leaf miner mortality rates.
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