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  • Other Sources  (6)
  • 1990-1994  (6)
  • 1
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    Computation of solid/liquid phase change including free convection - Comparison with data (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A computational model is presented for solid/liquid phase-change energy transport including free convection fluid flow in the liquid phase. The computational model considers the velocity components of all nonliquid control volumes to be zero but fully solves the coupled mass-momentum problem within the liquid. The thermal energy model includes the entire domain and employs an enthalpy-like model and a recently developed method for handling the phase-change interface nonlinearity. Convergence studies are performed and comparisons made with experimental data for two different problems. Grid independence is achieved, and the comparison with experimental data indicates excellent quantitative prediction of the melt fraction evolution. Qualitative data are also provided as velocity vector and isotherm plots. The computational costs incurred are quite low by comparison with other models.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer (ISSN 0887-8722); 4; 366-374
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    A computational model for the analysis of diffusive binary alloy solid/liquid phase change energy transport (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A model is presented for the prediction of solid/liquid, binary alloy, phase change energy transport. The model incorporates only one-dimensional, diffusive transport of both energy and species but is not inherently limited in any way to such a restriction. The model incorporates a previously developed algorithm for single constituent phase change energy transport and is applied to the energy transport as well as the species transport aspects of the problem. The model is applied to four example cooling problems and is shown to perform exceedingly well from an algorithmic point of view.
    Keywords: METALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 91-1331
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Numerical Formulation for the Prediction of Solid/Liquid Change of a Binary Alloy (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A computational model is presented for the prediction of solid/liquid phase change energy transport including the influence of free convection fluid flow in the liquid phase region. The computational model considers the velocity components of all non-liquid phase change material control volumes to be zero but fully solves the coupled mass-momentum problem within the liquid region. The thermal energy model includes the entire domain and uses an enthalpy like model and a recently developed method for handling the phase change interface nonlinearity. Convergence studies are performed and comparisons made with experimental data for two different problem specifications. The convergence studies indicate that grid independence was achieved and the comparison with experimental data indicates excellent quantitative prediction of the melt fraction evolution. Qualitative data is also provided in the form of velocity vector diagrams and isotherm plots for selected times in the evolution of both problems. The computational costs incurred are quite low by comparison with previous efforts on solving these problems.
    Keywords: Metals and Metallic Materials
    Type: NASA-CR-188468 , NAS 1.26:188468
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Zooplankton standing stock and community size structure within the epipelagic zone: a comparison between the central Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden (1994)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 119 (2). pp. 191-198.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Standing stock and size composition of the zooplankton comunity (〉100 μm) were studied in four depth strata of the upper 200 m of the water column during a “Meteor” cruise to the central Red Sea and Gulf of Aden in spring 1987. The central Red Sea was divided into a northern area of higher salinity and a less saline southern part. Both areas exhibited significant differences in zooplankton abundance and standing stock. The latter increased by the ratio 1:2:3 from the northern central Red Sea to its southern part and further south to the Gulf of Aden. For size structure analysis samples were fractionated into three size classes (100 to 300, 300 to 500, 500 to 5000 μm). In the central Red Sea the smallest size was dominant whereas in the Gulf of Aden the largest size fraction played a greater relative role than in the central Red Sea. This shift in size structure of the zooplankton community from the Red Sea to the Gulf of Aden is apparently primarily related to ecosystem difference between both areas, leading to a change in species composition. In addition, size reduction of individual species common to both seas may be of some significance in the extreme environment of the Red Sea.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
  • 5
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    Population dynamics and the trophic role of Aurelia aurita medusae in the Kiel Bight and western Baltic (1994)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 51 (4). pp. 359-367.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-10
    Description: The population dynamics and the trophic role of Aurelia aurita medusae in the Kiel Bight/western Baltic are described from nine years of investigation between 1978 and 1993. There is considerable yearly variation in standing stock with summer median abundance ranging from 0.2 to 16 ind. 100 m−3 and biomass from 0.2 to 4.4 g C 100 m−3. The lower variation is due to marked differences in size of adult medusae between years. In years of low abundance medusae exhibit an average dise diameter of about 30 cm and weight about 1 kg. In bloom years, however, adult size is only about 20 cm and weight ranges between 200 and 400 g. Estimates of feeding are somewhat contradictory, but feeding rates of 40–80 mg C ind.−1 day−1 seem probable. It can be concluded that Aurelia medusae consume about 2/3 of daily secondary production in years of high abundance, and are thus responsible for a decline of mesozooplankton in these years.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
  • 6
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    A comparison of summer nutrient data obtained in Königshafen Bay (North Sea, German Bight) during two investigation periods: 1979-1983 and 1990-1992 (1994)
    AWI / Springer
    In:  Helgoländer Meeresuntersuchungen, 48 . pp. 173-182.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-09
    Description: A comparison of summer nutrients obtained during the investigation periods 1979–1983 and 1990–1992 was made, to elucidate whether or not changes have occurred in Königshafen Bay during the last decade. In both the flood current as well as in the ebb current, concentrations of silicate, phosphate, nitrite and nitrate have decreased. Ammonia, however, has increased by a factor of two in the flood current waters, but was similar in both investigation periods in the ebb current waters. In addition, a significant increase of salinity has been observed. The differences between flood and ebb current median nutrient concentrations suggest that the bay was a source of nutrients during the 1979–1983 period, exporting large amounts of silicate, nitrite and ammonia with the ebb current. Today, the bay appears to be more a sink than a source of nutrients. Export rates of silicate and nitrite are greatly reduced and phosphate and ammonia are imported nowadays. Nitrate fluxes were in balance during both periods. Reasons for the observed changes are discussed.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
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