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  • Articles  (42)
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  • 1990-1994  (42)
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  • Articles  (42)
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Journal
  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 23 (1990), S. 525-527 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Some three years ago in a preliminary report from this laboratory we have proposed that the polymerization of isobutylene (IB) by the γ-tolyl-γ-valerolactone/BCl3 initiating system in CH3Cl or CH2Cl2 diluents at-30°C proceeds in a living manner by an unusual ring expansion mechanism and produces macrocyclic polyisobutylenes (PIBs) [1]. Extensive follow-up research confirmed the living nature of the polymerization, however, has failed to confirm the results of a key preliminary experiment upon which the proposition of macrocyclic polymer structure was based. Thus the results of a comparative hydrolysis/GPC experiment carried out with a relatively low molecular weight (Mn=5,400) PIB at -30°C under a blanket of N2 which gave a lower apparent molecular weight after hydrolysis than the original sample before hhydrolysis, could not be confirmed with higher molecular weight samples, i.e., with Mn=12,000, 17,000 and 30,000. As a consequence we wish to retract our earlier claim in regard to the synthesis of macrocyclic PIBs by certain lactone/BCl3 initiating systems but maintain that these polymerizations proceed in a living manner and yield asymmetric telechelic PIBs, e.g.,α-chloro-ε-carboxyl-PIBs [2].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 29 (1992), S. 697-704 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Novel poly(acenaphtylene-b-isobutylene-b-acenaphtylene) (PAc-PIB-PAc) triblock copolymers exhibiting thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) properties have been prepared. The synthesis involved the addition of acenaphtylene (Ac) to living polyisobutylene dications (⊕PIB⊕) obtained by living isobutylene (IB) polymerization induced by the dicumyl methyl ether (DiCumOMe)/TiCl4 initiating system at-80°C. The triblocks contain very short polyacenaphtylene (PAc) blocks (Mn≈9,000) and consequently yield very soft, low modulus TPEs. Efforts to develop conditions for the living carbocationic polymerization (LC⊕Pzn) of Ac have failed.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 27 (1992), S. 631-636 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The living carbocationic polymerization (LC⊕ Pzn) of p-methylstyrene (pMeSt) was achieved by the use of the 2-chloro-2,4,4-trimethylpentane (TMPCl)/TiCl4 initiating system in the presence of triethylamine (Et3N) electron donor in CH3Cl/nC6H14 mixed solvent at-80°C. Next, the synthesis, characterization, and some physical-mechanical characteristics of a series of poly (p-methylstyrene-b-isobutylene-b-p-methylstyrene) (PpMeSt-PIB-PpMeSt) triblocks is described. The latter synthesis involved two steps in one reactor: 1) The generation of diliving polyisobutylene dications (⊕PIB⊕) by the dicumyl chloride (DiCumCl)/TiCl4 system under similar conditions followed by 2) The addition of pMeSt and growth of living PpMeSt⊕ cations. The PpMeSt-PIB-PpMeSt triblocks are soft thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 31 (1993), S. 255-261 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Laboratory scale glass equipment was designed, assembled, and used for the continuous preparation by living cationic polymerization oftert-Cl monotelechelic polyisobutylene (PIB-Clt). The process involves the continuous feeding of controlled amounts of isobutylene (IB), a stream of premixed initiator (2-chloro-2, 4, 4-trimethylpentane, TMPCl) and electron donor (triethylamine, TEA) in methylene chloride/hexane, and a stream of coinitiator (TiCl4) in hexane into a series of three stirred reactors maintained at about-42°C under a blanket of dry N2. By controlling the residence times of the living charges in the reactors and continuously quenching the feeds in a quenching reactor, the continuous synthesis of well-defined (in terms of molecular weights, $$\bar M_n$$ , and narrow molecular weight distribution, MWD) PIB-Cl' prepolymer was demonstrated.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 29 (1992), S. 9-13 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary A new iodine-free initiating system, MeCH(Oi-Bu)Cl/n-Bu4NTiCl5, was found to induce the living carbocationic polymerization (LC⊕Pzn) of isobutyl vinyl ether (IBuVE) at-20 °C in CH2Cl2. Using this system, poly(isobutyl vinyl ether) (PIBuVE) with the theoretical molecular weights (up toca. 45,000) calculated from the initiator/monomer input and narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn 〈 1.1) can be readily obtained. The polymerization is first order in the monomer. The coinitiating function ofn-Bu4NTiCl5 may be due to a salt effect or to its Lewis acid character. An attempt for the synthesis of the polyisobutylene (PIB)-PIBuVE block copolymer has failed most likely becausen-Bu4NTiCl5 is unable to activate the ∼C(CH3)2-Cl bond of the PIB termini.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 29 (1992), S. 15-20 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Living carbocationic polymerization (LC⊗Pzn) of isobutylene (IB) has been achieved by the 2-chloro-2, 4, 4-trimethylpentate (TMPCl)/TiCl4 initiating systems in the presence of KCl in conjunction with the 18-crown-6 ether in CH2Cl2/hexanes solvent mixture at −80°C. The rate of initiation is relatively slow and the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of the polyisobutylene (PIB) becomes narrower (Mw/Mn decreases from ∼1.8 to ∼1.2) in the course of incremental monomer addition (IMA). In the presence of the crown ether, and depending on its concentration, the charges become highly viscous rendering stirring difficult and preventing the synthesis of Mn's in excess of 15, 000 g/mole.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 29 (1992), S. 247-252 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Living carbocationic polymerization (LC⊕Pzn) of isobutyl vinyl ether (IBuVE) is readily initiated by adventitious moisture (“H2O”) in the presence ofn-Bu4NTiCl5 in CH2Cl2 solvent at-20 °C to yield high molecular weight polymers (up to 100,000 g/mole) with narrow molecular weight distributions $$\bar M_W /\bar M_N = 1.1$$ . The number of macromolecules remains constant and reflects the number of “H2O” molecules in the charge. Thede facto initiator is most likely HCl formedin situ by the partial hydrolysis ofn-Bu4NTiCl5. Surprisingly the overall polymerization rates obtained in the presence of purposely added initiator, MeCH(Oi-Bu)Cl, were lower than in the absence of it,i. e., with “initiator free” system. Experiments carried out in the presence of the proton trap, 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine (DtBP), and alcohols were analyzed to explain the findings. The observed rates may be explained by reactions between “H2O” and the various ingredients in the system prior to initiation.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Poly(pentafluorostyrene) ; excimer emission ; repulsive Coulombic interactions ; singlet excimer ; sandwich conformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The steady-state fluorescence emission spectrum of poly(pentafluorostyrene) in dilute fluid solution shows no excimer emission. An atomic level modeling study explains why this polymer cannot form an excimer. Repulsive Coulombic interactions prohibit the attainment of the extensive overlap of the two rings in the classic face-to-face sandwich conformation of a singlet excimer.
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