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  • GEOPHYSICS  (6)
  • Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
  • 1990-1994  (6)
  • 1
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    An assessment of twilight airglow inversion procedures using atmosphere explorer observations (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The aim of this research project was to test and truth some recently developed methods for recovering thermospheric oxygen atom densities and thermospheric temperatures from ground-based observations of the 7320 A O(+)((sup 2)D - (sup 2)P) twilight air glow emission. The research plan was to use twilight observations made by the Visible Airglow Experiment (VAE) on the Atmosphere Explorer 'E' satellite as proxy ground based twilight observations. These observations were to be processed using the twilight inversion procedures, and the recovered oxygen atom densities and thermospheric temperatures were then to be examined to see how they compared with the densities and temperatures that were measured by the Open Source Mass Spectrometer and the Neutral Atmosphere Temperature Experiment on the satellite.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-193205 , NAS 1.26:193205
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    On the inversion of O(+)(2D-2P) 7320 A twilight airglow observations - A method for recovering both the ionization frequency and the thermospheric oxygen atom densities (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 96; 259-266
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    A comparison of measurements of the oxygen nightglow and atomic oxygen in the lower thermosphere (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The relationship between the oxygen nightglow and the atomic oxygen density in the lower thermosphere was investigated. This was done using data from two sounding rocket experiments conducted over White Sands Missile Range (32-deg N, 106-deg W). The first flight was launched on November 2, 1978 while the second was launched on December 7, 1981. Both flights contained resonance lamps to measure the atomic oxygen density. The peak density in both cases was near 1.9 x 10 to the 11th/cu cm. In addition, the 1978 flight contained a photometer to measure the 5577 A green line, while the 1981 flight contained photometers to measure the green line, the UV nightglow, and the 7620 A (0,0) atmospheric band. Empirical models of these airglow features were used to compare with the O density measurements. In the case of the atmospheric band, excellent agreement is seen concerning the shape of the atomic oxygen profile, while some discrepancies were seen with the Herzberg band and the green line. In all cases, the absolute value of our peak O density appeared to be about 2.5 times lower, for a given airglow intensity, than previous measurements.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Planetary and Space Science (ISSN 0032-0633); 39; 627-639
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  • 4
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    The measurement of atomic oxygen in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: A discussion of the laboratory calibration, calibration simulation, and accuracy of a resonance fluorescence instrument for measuring oxygen atoms is presented. The discussion demonstrates that a sensor can be calibrated with good accuracy to obtain in situ measurements of the oxygen density in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere. Oxygen data are reported from six rocket flights. These data represent four midlatitude flights and two auroral flights. There are two night and two day profiles for the midlatitude experiments. The maximum densities found from these sets of data in the 90-100 km regions are between 1.5 x 10 to the 11th/cu cm and 3.5 x 10 to the 11th/cu cm. Agreement with the MSIS-86 model predictions is obtained for altitudes above 120 km for midlatitude flights. The auroral data are less than the model prediction by about a factor of 2. The data show structure that is probably indicative of gravity wave effects of a nominal 5-km vertical wavelength.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Planetary and Space Science (ISSN 0032-0633); 39; 617-626
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  • 5
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    A method for the retrieval of atomic oxygen density and temperature profiles from ground-based measurements of the O(+)(2D-2P) 7320 A twilight airglow (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: This paper describes a technique for extracting thermospheric profiles of the atomic-oxygen density and temperature, using ground-based measurements of the O(+)(2D-2P) doublet at 7320 and 7330 A in the twilight airglow. In this method, a local photochemical model is used to calculate the 7320-A intensity; the method also utilizes an iterative inversion procedure based on the Levenberg-Marquardt method described by Press et al. (1986). The results demonstrate that, if the measurements are only limited by errors due to Poisson noise, the altitude profiles of neutral temperature and atomic oxygen concentration can be determined accurately using currently available spectrometers.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 96; 1263-127
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  • 6
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    A vibrational analysis of the O2 (A 3Sigma/+/u) Herzberg I system using rocket data (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: An observation of the UV nightglow between 2670 and 3040 A was conducted over White Sands Missile Range on October 22, 1984. A 1/4-m spectrometer operating at 3.5-A resolution viewed the earth's limb at tangent heights between 90 and 110 km for 120 sec. A total of 41 spectral scans of the nightglow were obtained with the brightest feature being the O2 Herzberg I bands. The data were sorted into two groups, one from the top side of the layer and one containing the emission peak, and compared with synthetic spectra. The deduced vibrational distributions indicate that, at low altitudes, the higher vibrational levels (v-prime greater than 6) were relatively depleted; however, the magnitude of the vibrational shift is much less than that predicted from theories of vibrational relaxation. It is shown that increasing the electronic quenching with respect to the vibrational quenching can reduce the vibrational shift in the model and qualitatively explain the observations; however, several details of the vibrational distribution are not well reproduced.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Planetary and Space Science (ISSN 0032-0633); 38; 1399-140
    Format: text
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