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  • Fish developmental biology  (1)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (1)
  • all-fish genes  (1)
  • 1990-1994  (3)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Medaka ; Gene transfer ; Transient expression ; DNA fate ; Fish developmental biology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Species of small fish are becoming useful tools for studies on vertebrate development. We have investigated the developing embryo of the Japanese medaka for its application as a transient expression system for the in vivo analysis of gene regulation and function. The temporal and spatial expression patterns of bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and galactosidase reporter genes injected in supercoiled plasmid form into the cytoplasm of one cell of the two-cell stage embryo was promoter-specific. The transient expression was found to be mosaic within the tissue and organs reflecting the unequal distribution of extrachromosomal foreign DNA and the intensive cell mixing movements that occur in fish embryogenesis. The expression data are consistent with data on DNA fate. Foreign DNA persisted during embryogenesis and was still detectable in some 3- and 9-month-old adult fish; it was found in high molecular weight form as well as in circular plasmid conformations. The DNA was replicated during early and late embryogenesis. Our data indicate that the developing medaka embryo is a powerful in vivo assay system for studies of gene regulation and function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 11 (1993), S. 345-352 
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: growth hormone gene ; all-fish genes ; transgenic fish ; cell line transfection ; Sparus aurata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract In order to develop all-fish expression vectors for microinjection into fertilized fish eggs, we have prepared the following constructs: rainbow trout metallothionein a/b and the gilthead seabream growth hormone cDNA (ptMTa-gbsGHcDNA, ptMTb-gsbGHcDNA), carp β-actin gilthead seabream GH cDNA (pcAβ-gsbGHcDNA). The inducible metallothionein promoters a and b were cloned from rainbow trout, and the constitutive promoter β-actin was isolated from carp. The metallothionein promoters were cloned by using the PCR technique. The tMTa contains 430 bp, while the tMTb contains 260 bp (Hong et al. 1992). These two promoters were introduced to pGEM-3Z containing the GH cDNA of Sparus aurata to form ptMTa-gsbGH and ptMTb-gsbGH, respectively. The carp cytoplasmic β-actin gene was chosen as a source for isolating strong constitutive regulatory sequences. One of these regulatory sequences in pUC118 was ligated to GH cDNA of S. aurata to form the pcAβ-gsbGHcDNA. Expression of the constructs containing the metallothionein promoters was tested in fish cell culture and was found to be induced effectively by zinc. The ptMTa gsb-GH cDNA construct was microinjected into fertilized carp eggs, and integration in the genome of carp was detected in the DNA isolated from fins at the age of two months.
    Notes: Résumé Afin de développer des vecteurs d'expression de poisson, entièrement homologues, destinés aux microinjections dans des oeufs fertilisés, les constructions suivantes ont été préparées: promoteurs de la metallothionine, a ou b, de truite arc-en-ciel d'une part, et promoteur de l'actine β de carpe d'autre part, associés à l'ADNc de l'hormone de croissance de daurade royale (ptMTa-gsbGH cDNA, ptMTb-gsbGH cDNA, et pcAβ-gsbGH cDNA). Les promoteurs de la metallothionine ont été clonés en utilisant la technique de la RCP. La tMTa comprend 430 pb. tandis que la tMTb en comprend 260 (Hong et al. 1992). Ces deux promoteurs ont été insérés dans pGEM-3Z qui contenait l'ADNc de GH de Sparus aurata, pour former, respectivement, ptMTa-gsbGH et ptMTb-gsbGH. Le gène de l'actine cytoplasmique β de carpe été choisi comme source d'isolement de séquences régulatrices fortement constitutives. Une de ces séquences régulatrices a été liguée à l'ADNc de GH de S. aurata dans pUC118, pour réaliser la construction pcAβ-gsbGH cDNA. L'expression des constructions contenant les promoteurs de la metallothionine a été tentée dans des cultures de cellules de poisson, où elle a été effectivement induite par le zinc. La construction ptMTa-gsbGH cDNA a été microinjectée dans des oeufs fertilisés de carpe. Son intégration dans le génome de carpe a pu être détectée dans l'ADN isolé à partir de nageoires d'animaux agés de 2 mois.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biologie in unserer Zeit 24 (1994), S. 9-14 
    ISSN: 0045-205X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Unter einem genetischen Fingerabdruck („DNA-Fingerprint“) versteht man ein mit molekularbiologischen Methoden erstelltes Bandenmuster aus informationsfreien DNA-Abschnitten, welches hochspezifisch für das entsprechende Individuum ist. Die Entdeckung und Weiterentwicklung des genetischen Fingerabdrucks hat innerhalb kürzester Zeit zu erheblichen Fortschritten in den verschiedenen Teildisziplinen der Biologie und Medizin geführt. Durch das Aufzeigen individueller Unterschiede im Erbgut werden mit dieser Methode Grundlagen für die Bearbeitung zahlreicher Fragestellungen geschaffen. Wir wollen in diesem Aufsatz zum einen die Methodik veranschaulichen und zum anderen einige ausgewählte Anwendungsbeispiele vorstellen, die verdeutlichen sollen, welches Potential sich hinter der Methode des „DNA-Fingerprinting“ verbirgt.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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