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  • 1
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Unusual and novel C11H16 olefins with (E)- or (E,E)-configuration instead of the previously known (Z)- or (E,Z)-configuration at the double bond(s) within the longer side chain are the main products of the Australian phaeophyte Dictyopteris acrostichoides. This configuration anomaly refers to all four series of alicyclic C11H16 hydrocarbons, namely the disubstituted cyclopentenes and cyclopropanes, as well as the monosubstituted cycloheptadienes and cyclopentenes. Chiral compounds within the above series have the same absolute configuration. The two (cyclopent-3-enyl)hexa-1, 3-dienes 11 and 13 are found for the first time. The absolute configuration and optical purity of the hydrocarbons are determined by gas chromatography on modified cyclodextrins as chiral stationary phases. The synthesis of chiral references via lipase-catalyzed resolutions is described.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Optically pure(+)-(4S, 4aS, 8aS)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-octahydro-4,8a-dimethylnaphthalen-4a-ol((+)-1; dehydrogeosmin) is released from flower heads of the two cactaceae Rebutia marsoneri and Dolichothele spharica. The absolute configuration of (+)-1 is identical with that of the known microbial metabolial geosmin (-)-2. The key reactions of the synthesis of 1 are the kinetically controlled transesterification of the primary alcohol 4 using a lipase from Candida cyclindracea and the stereo-and regiospecific angular alkylation of a cis-decalin skeleton by a Lewis-acid-assisted ring opening of the quaternary epoxy-alcohol 3 with MeMgBr/Cul. The sequence provides a new entry into the class of bis-angularly substituted trans-decalins.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 73 (1990), S. 2165-2170 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Natural irones found in the essential oil of Iris rhizomes often are mixtures of enantiomers. The separation of all optical isomers of the irones by GLC on modified cyclodextrins and the determination of their composition within different Iris oils is described. The significance for the biosynthesis of the cycloiridals, C31-triterpenoids, which serve as precursors of the irones, is discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Azoles, optically active, thermolysis and photolysis of ; Walk rearrangement ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mechanism of the Cyclopropane “Walk” Rearrangement: Synthesis and Properties of an Optically Active Diazoalkane-Toluene Adduct; a Highly Stereoselective N2 EliminationThe synthesis and the thermal and photochemical behavior of the optically active 2-diazo-1-methoxypropane-toluene adduct 3 are reported. The N2 elimination of 3 ocurs with one and the same stereochemical course upon thermolysis as well as direct photolysis: 7-(Methoxymethyl)-1,7-dimethyl-1,3,5-cycloheptatriene (1) is formed with retention of configuration at C-7 and 7-(methoxymethyl)-2,7-dimethyl-1,3,5-cycloheptatriene (2) with inversion of configuration at C-7. These stereochemical findings are explained by an intermediary singlet diradical 1[4] in which the ring closure between C-1 and C-7 or C-5 and C-7 is faster than the rotation around the single bond between C-6 and C-7. In the case of the thermally induced formation of 2 a concerted N2 elimination has to be considered as a competitive pathway. The results presented here are well in accord with the stereochemical analysis of the cyclopropane “walk” rearrangement 1⇋2 reported previously and are therefore a good evidence that the diradical intermediate 4 is also involved in the “walk” rearrangement. In the photochemically induced N2 elimination of 3, sensitized by benzophenone and leading again to 1 and 2, a surprisingly high degree of stereoselectivity is observed. Thus, the intermediary triplet diradical 3[4] must have a much shorter life time than ordinary 1,3-diradicals in the triplet state.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 123 (1990), S. 847-853 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Phosphines, optically active / Nickel complexes / Hydrogenation, enantioselective / Grignard cross coupling, enantinoselective / Gas chromatography, enantioselective ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Asymmetric Catalysis, LI. - New Optically Active Chelating Phosphines - Synthesis and Application in Enantioselective CatalysisThe known triphosphines 1 and 4 were transformed into their monophosphine oxide and monophosphine sulfide derivatives 2, 3, 5, and 6 via NiCl2 complexes. 21 optically active phosphines were used as ligands in the Rh-catalysed hydrogenation of (Z)-α-acetamidocinnamic acid and itaconic acid as well as in the Ni-catalysed cross-coupling reaction of phenylethylmagnesium chloride with vinyl bromide. The optical inductions of the Grignard cross coupling reaction were determined the first time by enantioselective gas chromatography.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Host-guest complexes ; Molecular-dynamics (MD) simulation ; Enantioselective gas chromatography ; Cyclodextrins ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The energies of complexation of methyl (R)/(S)-2-chloropropionate [(R)/(S)-2] with heptakis(3-O-acetyl-2,6-di-O-pentyl)-β-cyclodextrin (1) and the structures of the corresponding complexes were determined by molecular-dynamcis (MD) simulations at 300 and 333 K. The geometry of the complexes, the conformations of complexed and uncomplexed 1 and (R)/(S)-2 and the closest H-H distances between host and guest in the complexes were determined from the trajectories. The results correspond to the experimental findings from enantioselective gas chromatography.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: chiral capillary gas chromatography ; chiral high-performance liquid chromatography ; stationary cyclodextrin phases ; chiral pollutants ; enantioselective processes ; microbial degradation processes ; photochemical degradation processes ; enzymatic degradation processes ; blood-brain barrier ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Enantiomeric ratios of 11 chiral environmental pollutants determined in different compartments of the marine ecosystem by chiral capillary gas chromatography and chiral high-performance liquid chromatography allow discrimination between the following processes: enantioselective decomposition of both enantiomers with different velocities by marine microorganisms (α-HCH, β-PCCH, γ-PCCH); enantioselective decomposition of one enantiomer only by marine microorganisms (DCPP); enantioselective decomposition by enzymatic processes in marine biota (α-HCH, β-PCCH, trans-chlordane, cis-chlordane, octachlordane MC4, octachlordane MC5, octachlordane MC7, oxychlordane, heptachlor epoxide); enantioselective active transport through the “blood-brain barrier” (α-HCH); nonenantioselective photochemical degradation (α-HCH, β-PCCH). © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: Horeau's method ; configuration of secondary alcohols ; enantioselective gas chromatography ; 2-phenylbutyric acid ; cyclodextrin derivative ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of optically active secondary alcohols with excess of racemic 2-phenylbutyric acid anhydride in pyridine proceeds at different rates to the diastereoisomeric esters (kinetic partial resolution). According to Horeau the (unknown) absolute configuration of the alcohol can be derived from the optical rotation of the remaining excess of 2-phenylbutyric acid in the reaction mixture. Measuring the optical rotation may be very difficult in cases of small absolute rotation values and may be inaccurate due to the necessity to completely remove all chiral impurities. The application of Horeau's method is greatly facilitated by gas chromatographic determination of the enantiomeric ratio of the remaining 2-phenylbutyric acid after methylation using a short capillary column with heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl-3-O-pentyl)-β-cyclodextrin as a chiral stationary phase. Baseline resolution of the enantiomers is achieved after approximately 10 min of retention time. Due to the high selectivity of capillary gas chromatography the probability of impurities in the mixture to interfere with the measurement of the enantiomeric ratio is extremely low. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 16 (1993), S. 175-181 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Enantioselective gas chromatography ; 2,6-di-O-methyl-3-O-pentyl-β- and y-cyclodextrins ; α and β hydroxy acids ; Branched carboxylic acids ; Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ; Abscisic Acid ; Epoxides ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The wide range of application of 2,6-di-O-methyl-3-O-pentyl-β-and y-cyclodextrins is demonstrated by the resolution of the enantiomers of the methyl esters of chiral carboxylic acids: α and β hydroxy acids with up to 18 carbon atoms, hydroxy di- and tricarboxylic acids, and alkyl/aryl-substituted carboxylic acid methyl esters, including the plant hormone abscisic acid, insect juvenile hormones, and some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can be resolved with generally large separation factors. The new cyclodextrin derivatives also exhibit high selectivity for epoxides.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Enantioselective GC ; Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons ; Cyclodextrin derivatives ; Essential oils ; Liverworts ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A number of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons commonly occurring in essential oils has been prepared as racemic mixtures by chemical synthesis. Preparative gas chromatography with selectively per-O-alkylated cyclodextrins has been employed for the isolation of enantiomeric mixtures or pure enantiomers from the essential oils of higher plants and liverworts (Hepaticae). The enantiomers of α-curcumene, α- and β-bisabolene, β-elemene, δ-elemene, α-copaene, δ-cadinene, cis- and trans-calamenene, and bicyclogermacrene could be resolved by enantioselective gas chromatography on capillary columns coated with cyclodextrin derivatives. The enantiomeric composition of these sesquiterpene hydrocarbons in various essential oils was determined.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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