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  • Articles  (43)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (15)
  • Engineering  (13)
  • Chemical Engineering  (9)
  • Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling  (6)
  • 1990-1994  (43)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 15 (1992), S. 1149-1170 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Coastal upwelling ; Turbulence energy ; Exchange coefficient ; Roughness length ; Co-ordinate transformation ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A three-dimensional numerical model has been applied to study the impact of freshwater discharge from a river on the coastal circulation in the western Bay of Bengal. The basic dynamical framework of the model follows closely that described by Johns et al.1 for the simulation of coastal upwelling off the east coast of India. Using this model, experiments have been performed to investigate the impact of the freshwater discharge at the location of Godavari river along the east coast of India. A comparison of the model results, with and without the inclusion of river discharge, shows that the river discharge into the western Bay of Bengal suppresses the upwelling near the river mouth. Though there are no detailed observations on the flow structure near the mouth of the Godavari river, the computed results are in qualitative agreement with the observations documented by Rao and Jayaraman2 and Rao,3 who have shown that during monsoon period the upwelling off Godavari estuary is suppressed.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 26 (1993), S. 214-226 
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: mitosis ; autoantibodies ; kinetochore ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We have identified a novel .ca 400 kDa cell-cycle dependent kinetochore associated protein in human cells, designated CENP-F, using human autoimmune serum. Immunofluorescence staining using the native serum, affinity purified antibodies, or antibodies raised against a cloned portion of CENP-F first reveals CENP-F homogeneously distributed throughout the nucleus of HeLa cells in the G2 stage of the cell cycle. Progression into prophase is accompanied by the localization of CENP-F to all the kinetochore regions of the karyotype. Kinetochore association is maintained throughout metaphase, but at the onset of anaphase CENP-F is no longer detected in association with the kinetochore but is found at the spindle mid-zone. By telophase, it is concentrated into a narrow band on either side of the midbody. Studies of the interaction of CENP-F with the kinetochore indicate that this protein associates with the kinetochore independent of tubulin and dissociation is dependent on events connected with the onset of anaphase. Nuclease digestion studies and immunoelectron-microscopy indicate that CENP-F is localized to the kinetochore plates and specifically to the outer surface of the outer kinetochore plate. The distribution of CENP-F closely parallels that of another high molecular weight kinetochore associated protein, CENP-E. Comparative studies indicate that there are antibodies in the CENP-F reactive autoimmune serum that recognize determinants present in the central helical rod domain of CENP-E. Immune depletion experiments confirm that CENP-F exhibits the distribution pattern in cells that was seen with the native autoimmune serum. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 21 (1992), S. 58-64 
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: cytoskeleton ; neutrophils ; lymphocytes ; metabolic inhibitors ; F-actin ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We studied the effect of cytochalasins (B, D, and E) on the F-actin content in human neutrophils and lymphocytes using NBD-phallacidin labeling followed by flow cytometry. All three cytochalasins induced a concentration- and time-dependent increase in the F-actin content in both cell types. The order of potency was cytochalasin D 〉 E 〉 B. The increase in F-actin content was accompanied by a decrease in the G-actin content as measured by DNase I inhibition assay. These observations suggest that in intact cells cytochalasins may function differently compared to purified and semipurified systems, and their effects may be modified through other actin-binding or sequestering proteins. 2-deoxyglucose (20 mM) caused a decrease in the basal F-actin content and significantly reduced the change induced by the cytochalasins. These results suggest that the state of actin in intact cells is regulated by cytosolic ATP levels, primarily by the integrity of the glycolytic pathway. Based on these observations, we conclude that the mechanism of action of cytochalasins in intact cells is more complex than current models suggest.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 36 (1990), S. 29-38 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A kinetic model is developed for the drying of solids in fluidized beds, assuming a falling rate period following a constant rate period. Experimental data obtained using batch and continuous single and spiral fluidized beds are satisfactorily matched with the assumed drying kinetics and the residence time distribution of solids appropriate for the type of dryer.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 38 (1992), S. 1825-1834 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Unsteady axial mixing due to addition of a batch of sodium chloride solution at the top of a water-filled tube (2.63 cm i.d.) has been studied by measuring the developing concentration profile and the advancing front with dye added to the brine. Data have also been obtained with added baffle plates, with the use of a viscous aqueous solution, and in smaller diameter (1.48, 1.91 cm) tubes. Results can be approximately correlated by means of a model based on unsteady one-dimensional turbulent dispersion. Laminar flow affects the behavior of the advancing front at which the salt concentration is lowest.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 36 (1990), S. 1249-1254 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mathematical model is developed to describe steady-state nonequilibrium surface diffusion of an adsorbing gas through an energetically homogeneous porous medium by assuming that the adsorption isotherm is linear and that the gas-surface mass transfer can be described by the linear driving force model. Analytical solutions for the model are reported. It is found that the conventional assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium between the gas and surface phases within the porous medium can seriously underestimate the surface diffusivity when the mass transfer rate is finite. Also, the length of the porous medium becomes a critical variable in that case.Meaningful estimation of surface diffusivity also requires that the gas phase diffusivity through the porous medium be accurately known. The estimated surface diffusivity is model dependent when local thermodynamic equilibrium is not established instantaneously. Modeling surface diffusion can be very complex when the surface is energetically heterogeneous.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 38 (1992), S. 811-820 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A framework is developed to describe kinetics and column dynamics of ad(de)sorption from bulk liquid mixtures using surface excess as the variable to quantify the extent of adsorption. It is found that the transient rate of change of surface excess with time from a multicomponent liquid mixture can be expressed in terms of a surface excess linear-driving-force model. A local-equilibrium model can be developed to describe the column dynamics of ad(de)sorption from liquid mixtures. Both self-sharpening and proportionate pattern mass-transfer zones can be formed depending on the shape of the surface-excess isotherm and the selectivity of adsorption. Analysis of column dynamics for liquid mixture adsorption can be carried out analogous to that for adsorption from gas mixtures, when a constant pattern mass-transfer zone is formed. The length of the mass-transfer zone and the composition-time column effluent profile can also be derived analytically for such a case. Experimental kinetics and column dynamics data for ad(de)sorption of ethanol-water mixtures on a large-pore activated carbon are analyzed using these models.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 39 (1993), S. 249-261 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this article, we present a model to describe sorption kinetics of gaseous adsorbates onto bidispersed heterogeneous microporous particles. This model describes adsorption and desorption of gaseous adsorbates with allowance for the energy distribution of adsorption site for both equilibrium isotherm and diffusion of the adsorbed species. The adsorbed species of all energy level diffuse in two directions inside the particle. One direction is the direction along the particle coordinate while the other is the direction perpendicular to the particle coordinate (that is, the direction into the grain of the solid). This model is more fundamental than models previously proposed by Do and coworkers. Effects of energy distribution on the adsorption and desorption dynamics are investigated. Extensive experimental analysis of adsorption and desorption dynamics of ethane and propane onto Ajax activated carbon are carried out to validate this theory.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 37 (1991), S. 1019-1026 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Axial dispersion coefficients have been measured in single-phase flow conditions in a 5.08-cm-dia. reciprocating plate extraction column. The measurements were done under steady-state conditions by analyzing temperature profiles (for hot and cold water mixing) and concentration profiles (for mixing of water and salt solutions). The results confirm previous published data of Holmes et al. (1991) in showing that axial dispersion is increased strongly in the unstable situation, where liquid density increases with height. The earlier work is extended to the condition where buoyant energy dissipation is exceeded by mechanical energy dissipation by four orders of magnitude. Even in this case, axial mixing is increased significantly by density gradient-induced instability. Results have been correlated by a simple equation based on a mixing length model.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 39 (1993), S. 1870-1884 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A numerical study of the bulk hydraircooling of spherical food products is performed using the technique of spraying chilled water to form a thin film over the food products while blowing cold unsaturated air in the countercurrent or cocurrent direction. This precooling process is found to combine the advantages of hydro-and air cooling.Governing equations describing the simultaneous heat and mass transfer occurring in the hydraircooling process for both counterflow and parallel-flow arrangements are solved using finite-difference numerical methods. A parametric study is performed to determine the effect of important processing parameters on the process time. It is generally observed that higher quantities of spray water, air-mass flow rate and product thermal conductivity, as well as lower values of water temperature will result in faster rates of cooling. For the same operating conditions, parallel-flow arrangement leads to higher plant capacities.
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