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  • Articles  (17)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (14)
  • Gas chromatography  (3)
  • Atomic and molecular processes in external fields, including interactions with strong fields and short pulses
  • General Chemistry
  • 1990-1994  (17)
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  • Articles  (17)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Headspace sampling ; PTV-System ; Ethephon in drinking water
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An indirect GC method is described for the determination of Ethephon in drinking water on the basis of the headspace analysis of the ethylene formed from Ethephon. In order to reach the necessary detection limit, the entire volume of the static headspace distribution is transferred into a cold injection system (CIS). There, the ethylene is adsorbed on Carbosieve SIII at 10°C and, subsequently, desorbed at 300 °C. The water vapour included in the headspace is completely eliminated through the splitting system. By means of this technique, a detection limit of 0.05 μg/l water was reached.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Chemiluminescence detection ; Phosphine derivatives ; Headspace analysis ; Fluorine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Phosphine, alkylated phosphines and monophosphinate esters are detected with high sensitivity in capillary gas chromatography (GC) by their chemiluminescent reactions with molecular fluorine. Detection limits are estimated to be 1.3 pg, 0.5 pg, 8 pg, and 17 pg for phosphine, trimethyl phosphine, trimethyl phosphinate ester, and triethyl phosphine, respectively. As found earlier with alkylated sulfur, selenium and tellurium compounds, the detector exhibits a linear response. For triethyl phosphine, a linear range of greater than three orders of magnitude was demonstrated. Emission spectra were obtained for the trimethyl phosphine and triethyl phosphine systems. Chemiluminescence emitters include electronically excited HCF, vibrationally excited HF, and an unknown species in the trimethyl phosphine system. Banded emission from vibrationally excited HF and a broad continuum were observed for both trimethyl phosphine and triethyl phosphine; however, HCF emission was observed only for TMP. Under the conditions employed, the principal emitter is HCF for trimethyl phosphine and HF and the unknown emitter for triethyl phosphine. This detector may have important applications in investigations of the biogeochemical cycling of phosphorus.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Supercritical fluid extraction ; GC detectors ; Purity of gases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The usefulness of several grades of carbon dioxide for online supercritical fluid extraction/capillary gas chromatography has been studied. If trace-level work has to be performed, no single grade can be recommended for all modes of detection studied. Good-quality carbon dioxide is available for use with flame ionization and thermionic detectors. With electron-capture detection, however, distinct problems still exist.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 620 (1994), S. 1471-1475 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Barium, mercury, platinum, oxide ; crystal structure ; high pressure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A Contribution on Ba3Pt4HgO11: The First Alkaline-Earth Oxoplatinate(II,V)/OxomercurateSingle crystals of Ba3Pt4HgO11 were prepared by oxygen high pressure technique (4 200-3 600 bar) and investigated by X-ray methods. It crystallizes with hexagonal symmetry, space group D3h4—P62c, a = 6.021, c = 17.374 Å, Z = 2. Ba3Pt4HgO11 represents a new structure type, showing structural relationships to Ba2Hg3Pd7O14 and to the precious metal 6L-perovskites. The Hg2+ ions show dumb-bell like coordination, Pt2+ a square-planar surrounding and Pt5+ face shared double octahedra.
    Notes: Ba3Pt4HgO11 wurde unter hohem Sauerstoffdruck (4 200-3 600 bar) einkristallin dargestllt und röntgenographisch untersucht. Die Verbindung kristallisiert hexagonal, Raumgruppe D3h4—P62c mit a = 6,021; c = 17,374 Å; Z = 2. Ba3Pt4HgO11 bildet einen neuen Strukturtyp, der kristallchemische Verwandtschaft zu Ba2Hg3Pd7O14 und den Edelmetall-6L-Perowskiten zeigt. Die Hg2+-Ionen weisen eine hantelförmige, Pt2+ eine quadratisch-planare Koordination auf. Pt5+ bildet mit O2- flächenverknüpfte Doppeloktaeder.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 620 (1994), S. 1137-1141 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Cadmium ; mercury ; oxide ; high pressure ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: CdHgO2: An Oxomercurate related to the Crednerite StructureSingle crystals of CdHgO2 were prepared by oxygen high pressure technique (600°C, 3900 bar) and investigated by X-ray technique. It crystallizes with monoclinic symmetry, space group C2h3-C2/m; a = 5.933, b = 3.452, c = 5.875 Å, β = 91.26°; Z = 2. The Hg2+ ions show dumb-bell like coordination, Cd2+ an octahedral one. CdHgO2 shows strong relationship to the Crednerite structure. The orientation of the O—Hg—O dump-bells to the CdO6 octahedra layers is discussed with respect to related oxomercurates.
    Notes: CdHgO2 wurde mit Sauerstoff-Hochdrucktechnik (600°C, 3900 bar) einkristallin dargestellt und röntgenographisch untersucht. Es kristallisiert monoklin, Raumgruppe C2h3-C2/m mit a = 5,933, b = 3,452, c = 5,875 Å, β = 91,26° und Z = 2. Die Hg2+-Ionen zeigen eine hantelförmige, Cd2+ eine oktaedrische Koordination. CdHgO2 zeigt große Ähnlichkeit zur Crednerit-Struktur. Die Anordnung der O—Hg—O-Hanteln zu den CdO6-Oktaederschichten wird unter Bezug auf verwandte Oxomercurate diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 610 (1992), S. 64-66 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Dipotassium peroxide ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Refinement of the Crystal Structure of K2O2The crystal structure of K2O2 has been refined using 241 diffractometer data (Cmca; a = 6.733(1), b = 6.996(1), c = 6.474(1) Å; Z = 4; Rw = 0.050). The distance O—O (1.541(6) Å) is significantly larger than that one assumed for alkali metal peroxides, so far.
    Notes: Die Kristallstruktur von K2O2 wurde auf der Basis von Vierkreisdiffraktometerdaten (241 unabhängige Strukturfaktoren) verfeinert (Cmca; a = 6,733(1), b = 6,996(1), c = 6,474(1) Å; Z = 4; Rw = 0.050). Der gefundene O—O-Abstand weist mit 1,541(6) Å einen deutlich größeren Wert auf als bisher für die Alkalimetallperoxide angenommen.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 584 (1990), S. 105-113 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A New Type of Oxotellurates (VI): Rb6[TeO5] [TeO4]For the first time single crystals of Rb6Te2O9 was obtained by annealing intimate mixtures of the binary oxides (closed Ag-cylinder in supremax-glass ampoule, 680°C, 45 d). The structure elucidation (four-circle diffractometer, AgKα, 2083 I0(hkl); R = 9.5%, Rw = 6.6%) confirms the space group C2/c with a = 1207.5(7), b = 1266.3(5), c = 1105.3(6) pm, β = 123.1(1)0, Z = 4 (Guinier-Simon photographs).Characteristic for this structure are „isolated“ trigonal bipyramidal groups of [TeO5] and „isolated“ tetrahedral groups of [TeO4], so we prefere to name the new compound Rb6[TeO5][TeO4]. The Madelung Part of Lattice Energy, MAPLE, and Effective Coordination Numbers, ECoN, the latter derived from Mean Fictive Ionic Radii, MEFIR, are calculated and discussed.
    Notes: Neu dargestellt wurde erstmals Rb6Te2O9 durch Erhitzen inniger Gemenge der binären Oxide in Form farbloser, unregelmäßiger Einkristalle (geschlossene Ag-Bömbchen in Supremaxampullen, 680°C, 45 d).Die Strukturaufklärung (Vierkreisdiffraktometerdaten; AgKα; 2083 I0(hkl); R = 9,5%, Rw = 6.6%) belegt die Raumgruppe C2/c. Aus Guinier-Simon-Aufnahmen folgt a = 1207,5(7), b = 1266,3(5), c = 1105,3(6) pm, β = 123,1(1)0, Z = 4.Strukturcharakteristisch sind „isolierte“ trigonal-bipyramidale Gruppen [TeO5] und „isolierte“ tetraedrische Gruppen [TeO4], was die Bezeichnung Rb6[TeO5][TeO4] richtiger erscheinen läßt. Der Madelunganteil der Gitterenergie, MAPLE, sowie Effektive Koordinationszahlen, ECoN, diese über Mittlere Fiktive Ionenradien, MEFIR, werden berechnet und diskutiert.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 584 (1990), S. 194-200 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Voltammetrisches Verhalten des Nickels in Gegenwart von Cobalt, Zink und TensidenAn Quecksilberelektroden wurde die Reduktion des Nickel-Dimethylglyoxim-Komplexes in Gegenwart von elektrochemisch störenden Ionen (Co2+, Zn2+) untersucht. Außerdem wurde der Einfluß verschiedener Tenside auf den Reduktionsprozeß mittels adsorptiver Differenzpuls-Stripping-Voltammetrie charakterisiert. Ausgehend von diesen Ergebnissen konnte die Selektivität für die Spurenbestimmung des Nickels in Gegenwart von Cobalt durch die in-situ Modifizierung der Quecksilberelektrode mit adsorbierten Tetrabutylammoniumionen verbessert werden, ohne die Empfindlichkeit herabzusetzen. Die Untersuchungen zeigten auch, daß sich Nickel in einem Leitelektrolyten mit ausreichender NH3-Konzentration trotz eines 106fachen Zn2+-Überschusses bestimmen läßt.
    Notes: The reduction of the nickel dimethyldioxime complex at mercury electrodes is investigated in the presence of electrochemically interfering ions (Co2+, Zn2+). In addition the influence of various surfactants on the reduction process was studied by differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry. An improvement of the selectivity without a loss of sensitivity was achieved for the trace determination of nickel in the presence of cobalt by the use of an in-situ modification of the mercury electrode with adsorbed tetrabutylammonium. It is shown that a 106-fold excess of zinc does not distrub the nickel signal in the presence of a sufficient amount of ammonia in the supporting electrolyte.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 619 (1993), S. 1747-1754 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Europium chlorides ; chemical transport reactions ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on the Chemical Transport of the Anhydrous Europium Chlorides EuCl2, Eu5Cl11, Eu4Cl9, Eu14Cl33 and EuCl3 with AlCl3.Aluminium trichloride is known as a versatile transporting agent for rare-earth trichlorides, but in case of europium the dichloride EuCl2 as well as the mixed-valence compounds Eu5Cl11, Eu4Cl9 and Eu14Cl33 can be chemically transported, too. The observed transport directions are discussed in terms of partial-pressure and solubility diagrams. Under appropriate conditions the gas-phase complex Eu(AlCl4)2 is obtained as a crystalline solid. Being isostructural with Sr(AlCl4)2, the crystal structure of which has been determined very recently, Eu(AlCl4)2 is the first chloroaluminate of a rare-earth element in the divalent state.
    Notes: Aluminium-trichlorid ist als vielseitig einsetzbares Transportmittel für Lanthanoid-trichloride bekannt; im Falle von Europium lassen sich aber auch das Dichlorid sowie die Gemischtvalenzverbindungen Eu5Cl11, Eu4Cl9 und Eu14Cl33 mit AlCl3 chemisch transportieren. Die beobachteten Transportrichtungen werden anhand von berechneten Partialdruck- und Löslichkeitsdiagrammen diskutiert. Unter geeigneten Bedingungen tritt der Gasphasenkomplex Eu(AlCl4)2 als feste Substanz auf. Diese Verbindung ist das erste Chloroaluminat eines Lanthanoid-Elements im zweiwertigen Zustand; sie wird kristallographisch charakterisiert und ihre Isotypie mit Sr(AlCl4)2 sichergestellt.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 586 (1990), S. 125-135 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The First Quinquinary Oxotellurate (VI): K3Na2LiTeO6Colourless single crystals of K3Na2LiTeO6 are formed by reaction of the binary oxides (closed Ag-cylinder in supremaxglass ampoule; K2O:Na2O:Li2O:TeO3 = 3:2:1:2; 720°C; 40 d). The structure elucidation (four-circle diffractometer, MoKα, 3286 symmetry independent I0(hkl); R = 1.9%) confirms the space group Cc with a = 928.3(1), b = 1187.4(2), c = 678.7(1) pm, β = 93.8(1)°, Z = 4 (Guinier-deWolff-data).Essential part of the structure are chains ∞1{LiTeO6} which are connected to sheets ∞2{Na2LiTeO6}by sodium.The Madelung Part of Lattice Energy, MAPLE, and Effective Coordination Numbers, ECoN, the latter derived from Mean Fictive Ionic Radii, MEFIR, are calculated and discussed.
    Notes: Neu dargestellt wurde aus den binären Oxiden in Form farbloser, kugeliger Einkristalle K3Na2LiTeO6 (geschlossene Ag-Bömbchen in Supremaxampullen; K2O:Na2O:Li2O:TeO3 = 3:2:1:2; 720°C; 40 d).Die Strukturaufklärung (Vierkreisdiffraktometerdaten; MoKα, 3286 I0(hkl), alle verwendet; R = 1,9%), belegt die Raumgruppe Cc. Aus Guinier-deWolff-Daten folgt a = 928,3(1), b = 1187,4(2), c = 678,7(1) pm, β = 93,8(1)°, Z = 4.Charakteristisch für die Struktur sind aus [TeO6]-Oktaeder und tetraedrischen [LiO4]-Gruppen gebildete Ketten ∞1{LiTeO6}, die über Na+zu Schichten ∞2{Na2LiTeO6} verknüpft sind.Der Madelunganteil der Gitterenergie, MAPLE, sowie Effektive Koordinationszahlen, ECoN, diese über Mittlere Fiktive Ionenradien, MEFIR, werden berechnet und diskutiert.
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