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  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY  (14)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (13)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (9)
  • 1990-1994  (36)
  • 1
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    Total ozone trends over the USA during 1979-1991 from Dobson spectrophotometer observations (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Ozone trends for 1979-1991, determined from Dobson spectrophotometer observations made at eight stations in the United States, are augmented with trend data from four foreign cooperative stations operated by NOAA/CMDL. Results are based on provisional data archived routinely throughout the years at the World Ozone Data Center in Toronto, Canada, with calibration corrections applied to some of the data. Trends through 1990 exhibit values of minus 0.3 percent to minus 0.5 percent yr(exp -1) at mid-to-high latitudes in the northern hemisphere. With the addition of 1991 data, however, the trends become less negative, indicating that ozone increased in many parts of the world during 1991. Stations located within the plus or minus 20 deg N-S latitude band exhibit no ozone trends. Early 1992 data show decreased ozone values at some of the stations. At South Pole, Antarctica, October ozone values have remained low during the past 3 years.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center, Ozone in the Troposphere and Stratosphere, Part 1; p 195-198
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colchicine-sensitive and colchicine-insensitive intermediate filament systems distinguished by a new intermediate filament-associated protein, IFAP-70/280kD (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 22 (1992), S. 185-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: BHK-21 cells ; cytoskeleton ; microfilaments ; microtubules ; stress fibers ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A monoclonal antibody was produced, using as antigen a BHK-21 cytoskeletal preparation enriched in intermediate filaments (IF) and their associated proteins. This antibody reacted exclusively with a reproducible set of 70-280kD polypeptides present in minor quantities in this preparation, as detected by immunoblot analysis. Based upon several criteria, this immunologically related group of polypeptides was designated as IFAP-70/280kD (IF-Associated Protein): (1) it coisolated with IF in vitro, (2) it co-localized (by both immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy) with IF in situ in all stages of cell spreading, and (3) it segregated in vitro with the 54/55kD (desmin/vimentin) structural IF subunit proteins of BHK cells through two cycles of in vitro disassembly/assembly. Immunogold labeling further localized IFAP-70/280kD to regions of parallel or loosely bundled IF in situ, suggesting a role in regulating the supramolecular organization of IF. When this monoclonal antibody was used for double-label immunofluorescence observations of colchicine-treated BHK cells, it demonstrated the presence of colchicine-sensitive and colchicine-insensitive IF. Anti-IFAP-70/280kD localized entirely to the drug-induced juxtanuclear IF cap, while a polyclonal antibody directed against the desmin/vimentin structural IF subunits and the previously characterized monoclonal anti-IFAP-300kD [Yang et al., 1985; J. Cell Biol. 100:620] localized to both the juxtanuclear IF cap and a colchicine-insensitive IF network peripheral to the cap in the same cells. The colchicine-insensitive IF pattern often exhibited similarities to that observed for the actin-based stress fiber system, suggesting that stress fiber association may be an additional factor in IF organization. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970220306
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rank-order analysis for robust multiresponse, multiblock comparisons: Evaluation of herbicide interactions (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 5 (1991), S. 503-521 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Antagonism ; Bounded ordinal scale ; Herbicide interaction ; Inter block comparisons ; Non-parametric ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Studies of interactions among bioactive compounds are often difficult to interpret unambiguously. A priori assumptions about the nature of such interactions can seriously distort analysis of the data. By applying a rank order analysis appropriate to the naturally ordinal scale of response to xenobiotic insult, several co-herbicides were successfully identified from among numerous candidates in an experiment involving multiple blocks, rates and species. Moreover, underlying herbicide interactions were substantiated and identified which were not apparent by more traditional parametric analysis.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cem.1180050604
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic properties of intermediate filaments: Disassembly and reassembly during mitosis in baby hamster kidney cells (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 17 (1990), S. 150-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: cytoskeletal dynamics ; IF depolymerization ; type III IF regulation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A morphological analysis of the organizational changes in the type III intermediate filament (IF) system in dividing baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells was carried out by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. The most dramatic change occurred during prometaphase, when the typical network of long 10-nm-diameter IF characteristic of interphase cells disassembled into aggregates containing short 4-6 nm filaments. During anaphase-telophase, arrays of short IF reappeared throughout the cytoplasm, and, in cytokinesis, the majority of IF were longer and concentrated in a juxtanuclear cap. These results demonstrate that the relatively stable IF cytoskeletal system of interphase cells is partitioned into daughter cells during mitosis by a process of disassembly and reassembly. This latter process occurs in a series of morphologically distinct steps at different stages of the mitotic process.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970170303
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synaptic morphology of substance P terminals on catecholamine neurons in the commissural subnucleus of the nucleus tractus solitarii in the rat (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 29 (1994), S. 177-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Sinus afferent pathway ; SP interneurons ; Double immunocytochemistry ; Ultrastructure ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The ultrastructure of substance P-containing nerve terminals synapsing on catecholamine neurons in the rat commissural subnucleus of the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTScom) was studied using a double immunocytochemical labeling technique. Although there were numerous tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive (TH-I) somata present, substance P immunoreactive (SP-I) cell bodies were only occasionally found in the NTScom. At the light microscopic level, many SP-I terminals were seen closely associated with TH-I dendrites and somata. At the electron microscopic level, SP-I terminals synapsing on TH-I structures were also readily encountered. SP-I terminals contained small, clear, and predominantly spherical vesicles (32 ± 4 nm diameter), as well as large dense-cored vesicles approximately 100 nm in diameter. Postsynaptic TH-I dendritic profiles of various calibers and somata were encountered. These postsynaptic TH-I structures often showed postsynaptic densities. The morphological features of the SP-TH synapses in the present study, that is, the size of synaptic vesicles and the presence of postsynaptic densities, are quite different from those of central carotid sinus afferent synapses reported in our previous study [Chen et al. (1992), J. Neurocytol., 21:137-147]. Therefore, most of the SP terminals of the SP-TH synapses in the NTScom appear not to originate from the carotid sinus afferents. SP-I second-order neurons of the carotid sinus afferent pathway [Chen et al. (1991), J. Auton. Nerv. Syst., 33:97-98] may be one of the possible sources of such terminals. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070290216
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular distribution of gastric chief cell protein kinase C activity: Differential effects of diacylglycerol, phorbol esters, carbachol, and cholecystokinin (1992)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 48 (1992), S. 107-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: pepsinogen secretion ; signal transduction ; stomach ; translocation ; hormones ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Stimulation of chief cells with carbachol or cholecystokinin (CCK) results in the production of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). Although IP3 increases cell calcium concentration, thereby stimulating pepsinogen secretion, the role of DAG and its target, protein kinase C (PKC), is less clear. To examine the relation between the cellular distribution of PKC activity and pepsinogen secretion, we determined PKC activity in cytosolic and membrane fractions from dispersed chief cells from guinea pig stomach. To validate our assay, we studied the actions of the phorbol ester PMA. PMA caused a rapid, dose-dependent, 6-fold increase in pepsinogen secretion and membrane-associated PKC activity. Similarly, dose-response curves for pepsinogen secretion and the increase in membrane-associated PKC activity induced by a membrane-permeant DAG (1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol) were superimposable. In contrast, CCK (0.1 nM to 1.0 μM) and carbachol (0.1 μM to 1.0 mM) caused a 4-fold increase in pepsinogen secretion, but did not alter the distribution of PKC activity. These results indicate that in gastric chief cells, PMA-and DAG-induced pepsinogen secretion is accompanied by increased membrane-associated PKC activity. However, the cellular distribution of PKC activity is not altered by CCK or carbachol.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240480115
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential partition of anticoagulant heparan sulfate proteoglycans synthesized by endothelial and fibroblastic cell lines (1994)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 54 (1994), S. 174-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: antithrombin binding ; extracellular matrix ; glycosaminoglycans ; heparan sulfate proteoglycans ; anticoagulant heparan sulfates ; ligand binding assay ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The heparan sulfate proteoglycans that bind and activate antithrombin III (aHSPGs) are synthesized by endothelial cells as well as other nonvascular cells. We determined the amounts of cell surface-associated and soluble aHSPGs generated by the rat fat pad endothelial (RFP) cell line and the fibroblast (LTA) cell line. The RFP cells exhibit higher levels of cell surface-associated aHSPGs as compared to LTA cells, whereas LTA cells release larger amounts of soluble aHSPGs as compared to RFP cells. After confluence RFP cells show an increase in both cell surface-associated and soluble aHSPGs. In contrast, postconfluent LTA cells maintain a constant level of cell surface-associated and soluble aHSPGs. These observations indicate that different cells types can preferentially accumulate aHSPGs as cell surface-associated or soluble forms which could reflect alternate biological functions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240540206
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anatomy of the propatagium: The great horned owl (Bubo virginianus) (1994)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 219 (1994), S. 205-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Skinfolds and feathers form the profile of the avian airfoil. The wing of birds has a nearly flat profile from shoulder to carpus, without the presence of the propatagium. The propatagium is the largest skinfold of the wing; it fills the angle formed by the partially flexed elbow, and with its feathers forms a rounded leading edge and dorsally cambered profile added to the cranial aspect of the wing. The propatagium is variably deployed, relative to elbow extension, in flight; support for its cambered shape is maintained by multilayered collagenous and elastic tissue networks suspended between leading edge and dorsal antebrachium. The leading edge ligament (Lig. propatagiale) courses from deltopectoral crest to carpus and, with its highly distensible center section, supports the leading edge of the propatagium across a range of wing extensions. The elbow extension limiting ligament (Lig. limitans cubiti) courses from deltopectoral crest to proximal antebrachium and limits maximum elbow extension. M. deltoideus, pars propatagialis inserts on the proximal end of the common origin of the propatagial ligaments and, by way of the insertions of the two ligaments, coordinates (1) automatic flexion / extension actions of the elbow and wrist, (2) propatagial deployment, and (3) tension along the length of Lig. propatagiale supporting the leading edge. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052190209
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological observations of small granule-containing (Chromaffin) cells in the celiac ganglion of the guinea pig, with emphasis on cell contacts (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 29 (1994), S. 169-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Celiac ganglion ; Chromaffin cells ; Autonomic nervous system ; Ultrastructure ; Guinea pig ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Utilizing electron microscopic observation, several contacts between small, granule-containing cells (SGC) and postganglionic neurons (PGN) in the celiac ganglion of the guinea pig have been observed. A SGC in very close association with a PGN was seen to receive a distinct synaptic contact that contained many vesicles with dense cores. This contact was morphologically unlike cholinergic synapses previously reported on chromaffin cells. Because the SGC and PGN were clearly separated by a thin rim of satellite cell cytoplasm mutual to both cells, it is not known how or if the SGC would possibly exert a synaptic or paracrine effect on the PGN. Also, intraganglion SGC existed as large well-vascularized islands within the celiac ganglion. These intraganlion clusters sometimes contained more than 50 cells and perhaps could be considered to function as localized neuroendocrine components within the ganglion by secreting granule products into the nearby blood vessels for local or distant effects, although this certainly is not known. This work reports a unique synaptic ending upon a single-occurring SGC, which, in turn, closely approximates a ganglion neuron in a soma-somatic relationship. In addition, a very close association (but no actual contact) was observed between granule-containing processes, presumably emanating from the intraganglion clusters, and PGN. Whatever the function of ganglionic SGC may be, the exact relationship between SGC and PGN presumably would be of great interest and potential importance. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070290215
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization and application of particle beam high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry to compounds of pharmaceutical interest (1990)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 19 (1990), S. 523-534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Particle beam high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) parameters were optimized for the sensitive analysis of several drugs in agricultural products such as milk and tissue. Sensitivity of the particle beam interface was greatest for solvents with low heat capacities (methanol 〉 acetonitrile 〉 isopropanol 〉 water). Furthermore, optimal sensitivity was obtained at low solvent flow rates (about 0.4-0.6 ml min-1). Parameters such as desolvation temperature, helium flow rate to the nebulizer and nebulizer position resulted in minimal change in sensitivity. The source temperature was optimized to obtain suitable vaporization with minimal thermal degradation (200-300 °C). The determination of a variety of compounds (including β-lactams, cephapirin, tetracyclines, methylene blue, furosemide, spectinomycin, cytidine, 2-chloro-4-nitrobenzamide and thiamine) was possible using the particle beam interface. Under full-scan conditions, detection limits were in the 100 ng range for most drugs. With selected ion monitoring, particle beam HPLC/MS was demonstrated for the analysis of p.p.m. levels of these drugs in milk and tissue extracts. Precision of the particle beam analysis was usually better than 15% RSD. For the same compounds, HPLC/MS with a thermospray interface often resulted in less structural information (single ion spectra) then obtained by particle beam with thermospray detection limits varying from 10 ng to 1 μg.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200190902
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