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  • Chemistry  (623)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (51)
  • 550 - Earth sciences
  • Humans
  • 1990-1994  (644)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 24 (1990), S. 829-845 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: This article describes the histological and ultrastructural appearance of the interface created in the implantation bed, between bone tissue and implants made of dense sintered hydroxyapatite (HA). Biopsies from dog subjects included: (a) loaded permucosal dental implants for tooth substitution, (b) subperiosteally placed implants for alveolar bone correction, (c) endosseously placed dental root implants to retain ridge form following extraction. The light and electron microscopical results show extensive bone apposition on the osseous sides of the implant surfaces. There is an intimate, direct bone contact without any visible interruption. The bone is of normal lamellar type and continuously connected with the trabecular bone. Bone has grown into the finest surface irregularities of the implant. Collagen fibers of the calcified bone matrix are observed within a distance less than 500 Å from the implant surface. The thin (20-100 Å) electron dense layer at the bone-implant interface resembled the lamina limitans of organic bone matrix, also seen at the inner walls of the osteocytes lacunes. Deposition of bone gives rise to a biologically stable bone-implant interface, without disturbance of the physiological bone turnover. This is seen as very favorable for desired long term fixation of implant to bone.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: 2D NMR ; Oplopanonyl acetate ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Oplopanonyl acetate was isolated from Chamaecyparis pisifera. Its structure and stereochemical features were established using NMR techniques.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A large series of orthopramides (= 2-methoxybenzamides), 6-methoxysalicylamides, and 2,6-dimethoxy-benzamides were examined for their affinity to the dopamine D2 receptor. The binding data were correlated with physicochemical parameters and 13C-NMR chemical shifts using the cross-validated partial least-squares method and multiple linear regression analysis. The results quantitate the influence of electronic factors and lipophilicity to D2 receptor binding. They also show that the N-[(1-ethylpyrroIidin-2-yl)methyl] and N-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl) side-chains affect the mode of binding of these compounds.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new protected 2-deoxy-D-ribose derivative, 5-O-[(tert-butyl)diphenylsilyl]-2-deoxy-3,4-O- isopropylidene-aldehydo-D-ribose (5), was synthesized starting from 2-deoxy-D-ribose. This compound was coupled with 2-lithio-4-(4,5-dihydro-4,4-dimethyloxazol-2-yl)pyridine giving a D/L-glycero-mixture 7 of 5-O-[(tert-butyl)diphenylsilyl]-2-deoxy-1-C-[4-(4,5 -dihydro-4,4-dimethyloxazol-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl]-3,4-O-isopropylidene- D-erythro-pentitol. The mixture 7 was 1-O-mesylated with methanesulfonyl chloride and subsequently treated with CF3COOH/H2O and ammonia to afford the α/β-D-anomers 10 of 2-(2-deoxy-D-ribofuranosyl)pyridine-4-carboxamide. Both anomers were purified and separated by HPLC and identified by NMR and DCI-MS. Anomer β-D-10 was evaluated against a series of tumor-cell lines and a variety of viral strains. No antitumor or antiviral activity was observed.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Poly(ester-imide)s with a regular sequence of aliphatic spacers and aromatic imide mesogens were prepared in two ways. Either aliphatic α,ω-diacids were condensed with an acetylated diphenol derived from 4-hydroxyphthalic acid and 4-aminophenol, or aliphatic α,ω-diacid dichlorides were condensed with the silylated diphenol. The resulting poly(ester-imide)s were characterized by elemental analyses, viscosity measurements, microscopy under polarized light, DSC- and WAXS measurements. All poly(ester-imide)s are crystalline materials with a layered supermolecular structure in the solid state. Above the melting point a nematic mesophase exists over a broad temperature range. A pronounced odd-even effect was found for the temperature of isotropization, but not for the melting points.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 30 (1992), S. 1327-1333 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: aromatic polyamides ; polyisophthalamides ; phenylthio pendent groups ; 5-phenylthioisophthalic acid ; phosphorylation polycondensation ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of polyisophthalamides containing pendent phenylthio groups was prepared from seven aromatic diamines and 5-phenylthioisophthalic acid by the phosphorylation polycondensation method. The properties of these polymers were compared with those of the analogous unmodified ones. The modified polymers exhibited better solubility in organic solvents than their unmodified counterparts. They also showed glass transition temperatures that were lower by approximately 30°C. However, the presence of the side groups did not bring about any substantial lowering of the thermal stability as measured by TGA. Other properties investigated were mechanical strength and water sorption.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 1203-1210 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: aromatic polyamides ; synthesis ; pendent groups ; solubility ; thermal and mechanical properties ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polyisophthalamides containing benzoyl pendent groups were prepared from 5-benzoylisophthaloyl chloride and seven aromatic diamines, and their properties were compared with those of unsubstituted polyisophthalamides. The incorporation of one pendent benzoyl group per repeat unit brought about a decrease in the glass transition temperature of 10-30°C, relative to the unmodified polymers, while the thermal resistance (programmed TGA) remained unchanged or went down slightly. Other properties investigated were mechanical properties, solubility, and water absorption. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 1383-1392 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: aromatic polyamides ; pendent groups ; 5-phenylsulfonylisophthalic acid ; polycondensation ; NMR, solubility ; water uptake ; mechanical strength ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of polyisophthalamides containing phenylsulfonyl groups was prepared from seven aromatic diamines and 5-phenylsulfonylisophthalic acid by the phosphorylation condensation method, and from 5-phenylsulfonylisophthaloyl chloride by the solution polycondensation method at low temperature. When compared to the analogous unmodified polyisophthalamides, the modified ones were found to be essentially amorphous, and they showed better solubility in organic solvents, and slightly higher glass transition temperatures. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the polyisophthalamides containing pendent phenylsulfonyl groups have thermal stabilities similar to the unmodified ones. Mechanical strength of films and water sorption were also investigated. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: shear ; air-lift loop reactor ; growth rate ; cell size ; hybridoma cell ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To study the effects of the growth rate of the hybridoma cell Mn12 on productivity, cell cycle, cell size, and shear sensitivity, six continuous cultures were run at dilution rate of 0.011, 0.021, 0.023, 0.030, 0.042, and 0.058 h-1. This particular hybridoma cell appeared to be unstable in continuous culture with respect to specific productivity, as a sudden drop occurred after about 30 generations in continuous culture, accompanied by the appearance of two populations with respect to the cytoplasmic lgG content. The specific productivity increased with increasing growth rate. The shear sensitivity of the cell, as measured in a small air-lift loop reactor, increased with increasing growth rate. The mean relative cell size, as determined with a flow cytometer, increased with increasing growth rates. Furthermore, the fraction of cells in the S phase increased, and the fraction of cells in the G1/G0 phase decreased with increasing growth rates. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 37 (1991), S. 182-192 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental measurements of the crystal-size distribution (CSD) clearly indicate a pronounced difference in the dynamic behavior of a 20- and 970-L continuous crystallizer that produces ammonium sulfate. The difference in their circulation time offers a probable explanation for this phenomenon. It causes different supersaturation profiles in the two crystallizers, which leads to internal fines dissolution in the large crystallizer. This contributes to the observed oscillations in the 970-L crystallizer as opposed to the first-order responses in the 20-L crystallizer. To numerically study the effect of the supersaturation profile a dynamic model, from which the MSMPR (mixed suspension mixed product removal) assumption is omitted, is developed. Calculated supersaturation profiles differ considerably for the 20-L, the 970-L and an imaginary 50,000-L continuous evaporative crystallizer. Coincident with changes in the supersaturation profiles, the numerical solution of the model indicates the tendency of large crystallizers to oscillate and supports this suggested explanation.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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