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  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (114)
  • Organic Chemistry  (44)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (158)
  • 1990-1994  (158)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative Structure-Affinity Relationships of Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists: A Comparison between Orthopramides and 6-Methoxysalicylamides (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 74 (1991), S. 241-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A large series of orthopramides (= 2-methoxybenzamides), 6-methoxysalicylamides, and 2,6-dimethoxy-benzamides were examined for their affinity to the dopamine D2 receptor. The binding data were correlated with physicochemical parameters and 13C-NMR chemical shifts using the cross-validated partial least-squares method and multiple linear regression analysis. The results quantitate the influence of electronic factors and lipophilicity to D2 receptor binding. They also show that the N-[(1-ethylpyrroIidin-2-yl)methyl] and N-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl) side-chains affect the mode of binding of these compounds.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19910740202
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2-(2-Deoxy-β-D-ribofuranosyl)pyridine-4-carboxamideDedicated to Prof. Frank Alderweireldt on the occasion of his 61st birthday (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 75 (1992), S. 1613-1620 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new protected 2-deoxy-D-ribose derivative, 5-O-[(tert-butyl)diphenylsilyl]-2-deoxy-3,4-O- isopropylidene-aldehydo-D-ribose (5), was synthesized starting from 2-deoxy-D-ribose. This compound was coupled with 2-lithio-4-(4,5-dihydro-4,4-dimethyloxazol-2-yl)pyridine giving a D/L-glycero-mixture 7 of 5-O-[(tert-butyl)diphenylsilyl]-2-deoxy-1-C-[4-(4,5 -dihydro-4,4-dimethyloxazol-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl]-3,4-O-isopropylidene- D-erythro-pentitol. The mixture 7 was 1-O-mesylated with methanesulfonyl chloride and subsequently treated with CF3COOH/H2O and ammonia to afford the α/β-D-anomers 10 of 2-(2-deoxy-D-ribofuranosyl)pyridine-4-carboxamide. Both anomers were purified and separated by HPLC and identified by NMR and DCI-MS. Anomer β-D-10 was evaluated against a series of tumor-cell lines and a variety of viral strains. No antitumor or antiviral activity was observed.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19920750516
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osmoregulatory-like mitochondria-rich cells in the developing pancreatic ducts of young anuran tadpoles (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 216 (1993), S. 339-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Pancreatic ducts of young posthatching Rana temporaria tadpoles are the main component of the developing pancreas. At this stage (free-swimming tadpoles with internal gills), duct cells display a high degree of development of basal and lateral outfoldings of the cell membrane with extensive interdigitation, and numerous mitochondria are present throughout the cytoplasm. Wide intercellular spaces also exist, sometimes forming canaliculi-like structures. Since these traits are characteristic of cells engaged in osmotic regulation, we suggest the possibility that this temporary duct system participates in such control. Duct cells in tadpoles with well-developed hindlegs have diminished interdigitation, and mitochondria are localized apically. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052160309
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    cAMP-induced morphological changes in an immortalized schwann cell line: A prelude to differentiation? (1994)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 29 (1994), S. 20-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: proliferation ; large T antigen ; peripheral nervous system ; cytoskeleton ; microtubules ; myelination ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Schwann cells (SC), the myelinating cells of the peripheral nervous system, show a remarkable capacity to switch from a differentiated state to a proliferative state both during development and peripheral nerve regeneration. In order to better understand the regulatory mechanisms involved with this change we are studying a Schwann cell line transfected with the SV-40 large T gene (TSC). Serum-free medium combined with elevating intra-cellular cAMP levels produced a slower proliferating TSC whose morphology changed from pleiomorphic to process bearing, reminiscent of primary SC in culture. This change was abrogated by colcemid but was unaltered by cytochalasin D, indicating a major role for microtubules. Ultrastructural studies demonstrated numerous microtubules in the cellular extensions which correlated with strong immunocytochemical staining for tubulin in the processes. Analysis of cytoskeletal fractions from the treated cells revealed a greater proportion of tubulin in the polymerized state compared with untreated cells which closely resembled the distribution in primary SC. The cytoskeletal changes observed in the TSC as a result of elevating the intra-cellular cAMP levels may reflect the earliest cellular changes in the induction of myelination. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970290103
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and pharmacological investigation of stereoisomeric muscarines (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 4 (1992), S. 230-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: total synthesis ; chiral muscarines ; iodocyclization process ; muscarinic receptor subtypes M1, M2, and M3 ; affinity states ; eudismic ratio ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis of the eight stereoisomers of muscarine has been efficiently accomplished by utilizing the two enantiomers of lactic esters as starting material. The synthetic strategy is based on a SnCl4-catalyzed addition of allyltrimethylsilane to O-protected lactic aldehydes followed by an iodocyclization process. All the final derivatives possess an enantiomeric excess higher than 98%. The four pairs of enantiomers bound to M1, M2, and M3 muscarinic receptor subtypes in membranes from cerebral cortex, heart, and salivary glands, respectively, and recognized heterogeneous states of the receptors. Of the eight isomers, only natural muscarine (+)-1 recognized three affinity states of the M2 receptor. The compound was also the only one to show selectivity in the binding study, demonstrating 37- to 44-fold higher affinity for the M2 than for the M1 or M3 receptors. In addition, the compounds were tested in functional assays on isolated guinea pig atria (M2 receptors) and ileum (mixed population of M2 and M3 receptors) and their muscarinic potencies were determined. Among the eight isomers, again only (+)-1 enantiomer was found to be very active on both tissues. Its potency was more than two orders of magnitude higher than that of its enantiomer (-)-1 as well as the other six isomers. The eudismic ratios (E.R.) deduced from the two functional tests were 324 and 331. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chir.530040406
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    N-acetyl-l-cysteine (1993)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 53 (1993), S. 270-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: chemoprevention ; head and neck cancer ; N-acetylcysteine ; retinol ; second primary tumors ; lung cancer ; oral cancer ; EUROSCAN ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The most commonly used chemopreventive agents in the prevention of oral leukoplakia, head and neck cancer, and lung cancer are β-carotene, vitamin A, and other retinoids. One of the few chemopreventive agents not in this group and presently being used in a clinical trial is N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). NAC, an antioxidant, is used in EUROSCAN, a European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) chemoprevention study in curatively treated patients with oral, laryngeal, or lung cancer. The rationale for choosing NAC is based on a variety of experimental data showing its ability to exert protective effects, including extracellular inhibition of mutagenic agents from exogenous and endogenous sources, inhibition of genotoxicity of reactive oxygen species, modulation of metabolism coordinated with blocking of reactive metabolites, protection of DNA and nuclear enzymes, and prevention of the formation of carcinogen-DNA adducts. NAC has also demonstrated an effect on mutagen-induced chromosomal sensitivity assays, and on anticarcinogenicity in experimental animal models. In addition, preliminary data from EUROSCAN show good compliance in treated patients and a low frequency of side effects.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240531040
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic and equilibrium study of the interaction of N-(1-Ethylpropyl)-3, 4-Dimethyl-2, 6-Dinitroaniline with hydroxide ion (1991)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 4 (1991), S. 277-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The reversible interaction of N-(1-ethylpropyl)-3, 4-dimethyl-2, 6-dinitroaniline (1) with HO- is characterized by several kinetic processes. The relaxation times of two of them were measured. It is suggested that the faster one is related to the protonation-deprotonation of the 3-methyl group and the value of the protonation rate is 0.19 s-1. The slowest process leads to the dianionic species with maximum absorption at 340 nm where one HO- group adds to the unsubstituted ring position of an anion derived from 1 by deprotonation of either the NH or the 3-methyl group. The rate and equilibrium constants for the formation of this species are reported.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/poc.610040504
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IGF-I and the IGF-I receptor in development of nonmammalian vertebrates (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 35 (1993), S. 427-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Chick embryos ; Organogenesis ; δ-crystallin gene ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Extracellular signals are likely to be involved in the control of growth and differentiation during embyrogenesis of vertebrates. These signals include, among others, several members of the insulin family: insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF-II, and insulin. In the chick embryo, maternal IGF-I is stored in the yolk. In addition, the embryonic IGF-I gene is expressed very early and in late development in multiple tissues. We have used reverse-transcribed (RT) RNA and amplification by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect IGF-I gene expression. IGF-I was preferentially expressed in cephalic regions during late neurulation and early organogenesis. During late organogenesis, in some tissues, such as the eye lens, IGF-I gene expression is compartmentalized to a subset of cells, the epithelial cells. In these lens cells, IGF-I stimulates transcription of the δ-crystallin gene. Competence to respond to IGF-I exists in multiple cell types, since, based on binding studies, receptors for IGF-I are widespread in the gastrulating and neurulating embryo. Target tissues in which an autocrine/paracrine role for IGF-I appears more likely are the developing eye lens and retina, which are avascular organs rich in IGF-I receptors. In late development, IGF-I may have an additional endocrine role, with an impact on the general growth of the chick embryo. In embryos developed ex ovo, that show growth retardation after day 10 of embyrogenesis, IGF-I serum levels are very low. By day 8, expression of IGF-I mRNA in these embryos is markedly reduced in multiple tissues. Future studies in which IGF-I and its receptor are overexpressed or abolished should clarify the function of this growth factor in development. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080350418
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase: Molecular biological aspects (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    BioEssays 13 (1991), S. 455-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-9247
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A number of roles have been ascribed to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase* including involvement in DNA repair, cell proliferation, differentiation and transformation. Cloning of the gene has allowed the development of molecular biological approaches to elucidate the structure and the function(s) of this highly conserved enzyme. This article will review the recent results obtained in this field.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.950130905
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HSP 70 gene expression in Trypanosoma cruzi is regulated at different levels (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 143 (1990), S. 439-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The level of HSP 70 mRNA is altered in Trypanosoma cruzi cells incubated at supra-optimal temperatures: the total amount of this RNA per cell is increased at 37°C, and slightly decreased at 40°C relative to its level at 29°C. However, its amount is greater in the polysomes at either temperature. The relative increase of this RNA is larger in the polysomes fraction than it is in the total RNA. In addition the level of HSP 70 protein in heat-shocked cells is greater than would be expected from the recruitment of HSP 70 mRNA in the polysomal fraction. Taken together the data are interpreted as indicating that at 37°C and 40°C the HSP 70 gene regulation in T. cruzi involves both the selective accumulation of the HSP 70 mRNA in the polysomes and its preferential translation. At 37°C, in addition, an increase in the total amount of this template is observed in the cells.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041430306
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