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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water-soluble and amphiphilic polymers (1991)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 25 (1991), S. 459-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Thin filns of PSt/PMAA and PEO-PSt-PEO block polyners were deposited on a polystyrene substrate by solution adsorption (with or without solvent treatnent), and the filn surfaces were characterized by neans of XPS. Direct solvent-casting of PEO-PSt-PEO from benzene solutions resulted in PSt-rich surfaces, whereas PMAA richer surfaces were obtained for PSt/PMAA filns cast from DMF solutions. Moreover, solvent treatment after casting had profound effect on the filn surface conposition. Treatment with water markedly increased the surface concentration of polar PEO segments. In the case of PSt-PMAA block polymers, the PSt content on the surface increased in the order of water〈 ethanol 〈 cyclohexane 〈 petroleum ether, the last-named giving films with almost pure PSt surface. It is well worth noticing that the bulk conposition had little to do with the surface conposition for both PSt/PMAA and PEO-PSt-PEO block polyners within the conposition range investigated when subsequent solvent treatnent was applied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310237
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Matrix representation of three-dimensional astigmatic resonators (1992)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 24 (1992), S. 619-630 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Three-dimensional astigmatic resonators, typical examples of which are the resonators bounded by cylindrical-spherical mirrors and cylindrical-cylindrical mirrors oriented at an arbitrary crossed angle, are investigated in detail by using a complex curvature tensor concept and generalized tensor ABCD law. Computerized numerical calculations illustrate some interesting characteristics of these astigmatic resonators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619621
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anisotropic scattering generated by photorefractive four-wave mixing in BaTiO3 crystal (1990)
    Springer
    Applied physics 50 (1990), S. 319-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.40 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new type of anisotropic scattering with ring-and-line structure is observed for the first time from a BaTiO3 crystal illuminated by a linearly polarized laser beam. The analysis presented herein is based on the photorefractive four-wave interaction of the incident, reflected, and scattered beams. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00325066
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intensity dependence of the deep levels of semi-insulating GaAs on the annealing temperature (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 11 (1992), S. 196-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00741419
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternative partitioning of the genotype-by-environment interaction (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 84 (1992), S. 193-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Interactions ; Stability ; Sensitivity ; Clustering ; Similarity coefficient
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Alternative methods for partitioning the genotype-by-environment interaction, for an arbitrary number of genotypes or environments, were examined. Partitioning of the interaction is important in order to determine the nature of the interaction. Two methods of partitioning were examined; both separated the interaction into two types: (1) due to heterogeneous variances or (2) due to imperfect correlations. Method 1 was based on heterogeneity among environments in the scaling of differences among genotypes. Method 2 was based on heterogeneity among genotypes in the scaling of differences among environments. Any remaining interaction arises from deviations from the perfect positive correlation of genotypic rankings among environments (Method 1) or of environmental rankings among genotypes (Method 2). Method 1 is more appropriate for random genotypes that are to be tested in either fixed or random environments. With Method 1, the interactions that arise mainly from heterogeneity of genotypic scaling among environments are generally unimportant. However, if environments are fixed and interactions are mainly due to imperfect correlations of rankings, specialized lines may be indicated for each environment. Method 2 is more useful in evaluating fixed genotypes for sensitivity to random environments. A partitioning of the interaction into that due to the type of interaction within each genotype was shown to be useful in that situation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224000
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of Chinese Triticeae for resistance to Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV) (1994)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 41 (1994), S. 35-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: wheat ; grass ; wide crossing ; China ; Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV) ; luteovirus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV) is recognised as a major pathological constraint to cereal production in northern China and several widespread epidemics have been reported. The host range of BYDV includes not only cereals but many grasses. The indigenous Triticeae of northern China have likely been exposed to significant disease pressure from BYDV and therefore may be a potential source of BYDV resistance for cereal improvement. A wide range of Triticeae accessions collected over three expeditions in northern China were evaluated for resistance to BYDV. Seedlings were artificially inoculated and virus levels then assayed by ELISA. Resistance and immunity to BYDV were found to be widely distributed among the seven genera of Triticeae included in the screening. A high proportion of resistant and immune accessions was found in the genera Hordeum, Leymus, Elymus and Elytrigia. The wide range of reaction types to BYDV found within many species, and even between accessions of some species, indicates that natural selection for BYDV resistance may have been relatively recent in the Chinese Triticeae. A high proportion of resistance and/or immunity was found in Xinjiang compared to the general distribution. From the Chinese Triticeae tested the Leymus species may be the most appropriate material to initiate transfer of BYDV resistance to wheat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00051421
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of large-area high-quality YBCO thin films by pulsed laser deposition with Si heater and composite scanning of laser and target (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of superconductivity 6 (1993), S. 335-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Keywords: High-temperature superconducting thin film ; pulsed laser ablation ; heater ; composite scanning ; large area
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report on the successful preparation of large-area high-quality YBa2Cu3O7 superconducting thin films by pulsed excimer laser ablation with a Si heater and composite scanning of laser beam and target. The Si heater, composite scanning of laser beam and target, and experiment results are described. The temperature variation of the Si heater was 〈 ±0.5% in a 45×40 mm2 area of 900–1000 °C. Films were deposited on LaAlO3 substrates 35 mm in diameter. The thin films exhibited a thickness variation of ±2.5%; the superconducting properties wereT c0=91×0.5 K andJ c= (3.3±0.7)×106 A/cm2 at 77 K and zero magnetic field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00617481
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superconducting behavior of high-T c YBa2Cu3O7 thin films with BaO impurity produced by pulsed laser deposition (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of superconductivity 7 (1994), S. 709-713 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Keywords: YBa2Cu3O7 thin films ; critical current density ; pulsed laser deposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have investigated the superconducting behavior of high-T c YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) thin films containing BaO impure phase produced by pulsed laser deposition. The thin films were characterized by the standard four-probe method, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD showed that all these thin films contained BaO impurity, with thec-axis normal to the surface of the substrates. The presence of impurity existed from substrate temperatureT s of 727 to 796°C. When these thin films with BaO impurity were measured under the magnetic fields, it was found that the critical current densityJ c increased slightly with increase in magnetic fieldB within the range ofB≤500 G, in the case ofB perpendicular to thec-axis of the film.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00721652
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and properties of YBa2Cu3O7 thin films on sapphire with Yttria-stabilized zirconia buffer layer (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of superconductivity 7 (1994), S. 693-696 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Keywords: High-temperature superconducting thin film ; pulsed laser ablation ; buffer layer ; sapphire substrate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract YBa2Cu3O7 superconducting thin films were deposited onR-plane sapphire substrates with Yttria-stabilized zirconia buffer layer by laser ablation. The structure of the films was characterized by X-ray diffraction. Superconducting transitional temperatures as high as ≥90 K and critical current densities up to 2.2×106 A/cm2 (77 K) were achieved. The results of Auger depth profile showed that no obvious diffusion occurred between the substrate and the YBa2Cu3O7 thin film.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00721649
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  • 10
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    Anisotropic scattering generated by photorefractive four-wave mixing in BaTiO3 crystal (1990)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0946-2171
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0649
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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