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  • ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase  (3)
  • desaturation  (3)
  • Springer  (6)
  • Springer Nature
  • 1990-1994  (6)
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Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (6)
  • Springer Nature
Years
  • 1990-1994  (6)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PCR amplification and sequences of cDNA clones for the small and large subunits of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from barley tissues (1992)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 19 (1992), S. 381-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase ; barley ; endosperm ; PCR ; cDNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Several cDNAs encoding the small and large subunit of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGP) were isolated from total RNA of the starchy endosperm, roots and leaves of barley by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sets of degenerate oligonucleotide primers, based on previously published conserved amino acid sequences of plant AGP, were used for synthesis and amplification of the cDNAs. For either the endosperm, roots and leaves, the restriction analysis of PCR products (ca. 550 nucleotides each) has revealed heterogeneity, suggesting presence of three transcripts for AGP in the endosperm and roots, and up to two AGP transcripts in the leaf tissue. Based on the derived amino acid sequences, two clones from the endosperm, beps and bepl, were identified as coding for the small and large subunit of AGP, respectively, while a leaf transcript (blpl) encoded the putative large subunit of AGP. There was about 50% identity between the endosperm clones, and both of them were about 60% identical to the leaf cDNA. Northern blot analysis has indicated that beps and bepl are expressed in both the endosperm and roots, while blpl is detectable only in leaves. Application of the PCR technique in studies on gene structure and gene expression of plant AGP is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023385
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular characterization of multiple cDNA clones for ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from Arabidopsis thaliana (1993)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 23 (1993), S. 1279-1284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; starch biosynthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract PCR amplification of cDNA prepared from poly(A)+ RNA from aerial parts of Arabidopsis thaliana, using degenerate nucleotide primers based on conserved regions between the large and small subunits of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGP), yielded four different cDNAs of ca. 550 nucleotides each. Based on derived amino acid sequences, the identities between the clones varied from 49 to 69%. Sequence comparison to previously published cDNAs for AGP from various species and tissues has revealed that three of the amplified cDNAs (ApL1, ApL2 and ApL3) correspond to the large subunit of AGP, and one cDNA (ApS) encodes the small subunit of AGP. Both ApL1 and ApS were subsequently found to be present in a cDNA library made from Arabidopsis leaves. All four PCR products are encoded by single genes, as found by genomic Southern analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00042361
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping of the ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase genes in barley (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1994), S. 869-871 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase ; Hor-deum vulgare ; RFLP-mapping ; Wheat/barley ditelosomic addition lines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract cDNA probes encoding the barley endosperm ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGP) small subunit (bepsF2), large subunit (bepl10), and leaf AGP large subunit (blpl) were hybridized with barley genomic DNA blots to determine copy number and polymorphism. Probes showing polymorphism were mapped on a barley RFLP map. Probes that were not polymorphic were assigned to chromosome arms using wheat-barley telosomic addition lines. The data suggested the presence of a single-copy gene corresponding to each of the cDNA probes. In addition to the major bands, several weaker cross-hybridizing bands indicated the presence of other, related sequences. The weaker bands were specific to each probe and were not due to cross-hybridization with the other probes examined here. The endosperm AGP small subunit (bepsF2) majorband locus was associated with chromosome 1P and designated Aga1. The endosperm AGP large subunit (bepl10) major-band locus was mapped to chromosome 5M and designated Aga7. The endosperm AGP large-subunit minor bands were not mapped. The leaf AGP large-subunit major band was associated with chromosome 7M and designated Aga5. One of the leaf AGP large-subunit minor bands was mapped to chromosome 5P and designated Aga6. A clone for the wheat endosperm AGP large-subunit (pAga7) hybridized to the same barley genomic DNA bands as the corresponding barley probe indicating a high degree of identity between the two probes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221140
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipids of arctic charr,Salvelinus alpinus (L.) I. Dietary induced changes in lipid class and fatty acid composition (1991)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 9 (1991), S. 151-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: arctic charr ; diet ; lipids ; metabolism ; desaturation ; elongation ; polyunsaturated fatty acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.) were fed either a commercial diet or six experimental test diets containing coconut oil and different polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) at a level of 1% by dry weight. Best growth rates were observed with the commercial diet, worst with diet containing coconut oil with no PUFA. An increase in hepatic lipid, hepatic sterol esters and muscular moisture content, and a decrease in muscular lipid was generally found in fish fed the test diets compared to those maintained on the commercial diet. Phosphatidylcholine was the dominant polar lipid (PL) class in all tissues examined. Extensive modification of dietary saturated fatty acids into 18:1 (n-9) was observed in tissue triacylglycerols (TAG) of fish fed test diets. No changes occurred with the commercial diet. Dietary PUFA were essentially incorporated unchanged into tissue TAG of all fish in the present study. PUFA composition of hepatic phospholipids was significantly influenced by that contained in the diets. However both 18:2 (n-6) and 18:3 (n-3) in the test diets were extensively elongated and desaturated prior to incorporation into PL. The (n-9) PUFA content was always higher in liver of fish fed the test diets. When 18:2 (n-6) and 18:3 (n-3) were supplied together, the level of (n-3) PUFA exceeded those of (n-6) PUFA. Muscle PL were less influenced by diet than liver. In muscle (n-3) PUFA were always the predominant PUFA irrespective of diet. Only low amounts of (n-9) PUFA were found. It is suggested that (n-3) PUFA are the prime essential fatty acids for Arctic charr, and that they are used in preference to (n-6) PUFA for elongation, desaturation and incorporation into PL. The results suggest that the quantitative requirement of Arctic charr for EFA is may be higher than that of other salmonids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265131
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The conversion of linoleic acid and linolenic acid to longer chain polyunsaturated fatty acids by Tilapia (Oreochromis) nilotica in vivo (1990)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 8 (1990), S. 261-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: tilapia ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; lipids ; desaturation ; diet
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Tilapia (Oreochromis) nilotica were fed either a commercial diet containing 2.2% (n-3) and 0.5% (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), or a diet containing 1.0% methyl linoleate as the only PUFA. The fatty acid composition of tissue lipids generally reflected that of the diet. Fish from both dietary groups were injected intraperitoneally with 14C-labelled linoleic acid, 18:2 (n-6), or linolenic acid, 18:3 (n-3), and the distribution of radioactivity in tissue lipids examined. The conversion of both 18:2 (n-6) and 18:3 (n-3) to longer chain PUFA was lower in fish fed the commercial diet than in those fed the diet containing only 18:2 (n-6). Half of the radioactivity from both substrates recovered in liver polar lipids was present in C20 and C22 PUFA with fish maintained on the experimental diet. It is concluded that T. nilotica is capable of elongating and desaturating both 18:2 (n-6) and 18:3 (n-3), but that this conversion is suppressed by dietary longer chain PUFA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00004465
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipids of arctic charr,Salvelinus alpinus (L.) II. Influence of dietary fatty acids on the elongation and desaturation of linoleic and linolenic acid (1992)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 9 (1992), S. 393-399 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: Arctic charr ; diet ; lipid ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; elongation ; desaturation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Arctic charr,Salvelinus alpinus L. were fed five test diets containing 0% or 1% of different polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for 93 days. The fish were injected intraperitoneally with (1−14C)–18:2(n−6) or (1−14C)–18:3(n−3), and the bioconversion to longer chain PUFA studied. The conversion rate in neutral lipids was slow, with most label found as the fatty acid injected, while extensive modification took place prior to or during incorporation into polar lipids. Linolenic acid was preferred over linoleic acid as substrate for elongation and desaturation regardless of diet. In polar lipids, the predominant products of (1−14C)–18:2(n−6) metabolism were generally 20:3(n−6) and 20:4(n−6), while 18:4(n−3), 20:5(n−3) and 22:6(n−3) were the major products of (1−14C)–18:3(n−3) metabolism. The lack of radioactivity in 22:5(n−6) suggests that Δ 4 desaturation is specific for (n−3) PUFA. Feeding the PUFA deficient diet reduced the Δ 5 desaturation compared to fish maintained on PUFA supplemented diets. The Δ 6 desaturation was only reduced in fish fed C18 PUFA and injected with (1−14C)–18:3(n−3). Longer chain C20 and C22 PUFA, particularly those of the (n−3) family, exerted some inhibition on the elongation and desaturation of injected fatty acids compared to those fed C18 PUFA. The incorporation of radiolabelled fatty acids into polar lipids of fish fed a commercial diet was very low, and the desaturation neglectible in both polar and neutral lipids, showing that Arctic charr under culture conditions do not convert short chain PUFA to longer chain metabolites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02274220
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