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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fiscal studies 13 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-5890
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Decision sciences 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-5915
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Lot streaming is the process of splitting a job into sublots so its operations can be overlapped and its progress accelerated. We present a computationally efficient procedure for solving the m-machine, two-sublot problem, and we discuss the bottleneck insights that emerge from the analysis. We also examine heuristic approaches for more than two sublots and discuss computational results for these procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Decision sciences 25 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-5915
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The use of loss functions for measuring the undesirability associated with failure to achieve target values for manufacturing product characteristics is widespread in industry. This study presents a generalization of one of the most commonly used loss functions and compares the two functions based on five theoretical criteria. A simulation involving multiple probability distributions for a single product characteristic is used to compare the performance of the loss functions. An example from the manufacture of helicopter transmission gears is used to empirically demonstrate the superiority of the generalized loss function over the conventional loss function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Decision sciences 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-5915
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: A major issue in value-function assessment is the possibility of receiving an indefinite response from a decision maker to a question about preferences. The conventional treatment requires a single, definite response from the decision maker. This approach either assumes that response error is zero or accepts the final solution as only approximate, without knowing how approximate it might be. In this paper we examine the issue of indefinite responses, define it more precisely, and present a method for incorporating it into decision making. The method is adaptive in that it is iterative and interactive with the decision maker who, at each iteration, is provided with information regarding the potential advantage of answering more trade-off questions and/or answering questions more carefully to reduce response error. In contrast to other approaches that “force” rationality and decisiveness, we work with irrationality and indecisiveness on the part of the decision maker. The method is demonstrated for the case of concave, increasing value functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Decision sciences 21 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-5915
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: A major issue in value-function assessment is the possibility of receiving an indefinite response from a decision maker to a question about preferences. The conventional treatment requires a single, definite response from the decision maker. This approach either assumes that response error is zero or accepts the final solution as only approximate, without knowing how approximate it might be. In this paper we examine the issue of indefinite responses, define it more precisely, and present a method for incorporating it into decision making. The method is adaptive in that it is iterative and interactive with the decision maker who, at each iteration, is provided with information regarding the potential advantage of answering more trade-off questions and/or answering questions more carefully to reduce response error. In contrast to other approaches that “force” rationality and decisiveness, we work with irrationality and indecisiveness on the part of the decision maker. The method is demonstrated for the case of concave, increasing value functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 26 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: : The deposition and chemistry of precipitation were estimated for one year in two forest ecosystems in the South-Central United States. Precipitation, throughfall, litter leachate, and soil leachate were analyzed for a small catchment of pine-hardwoods in southeastern Oklahoma and for a catchment of loblolly pines (Pinus taeda L.) in northern Mississippi. In the pine-hardwood forest, 98 percent of the acid deposition was neutralized, 50 percent in the forest canopy, and 48 percent in the forest floor. In the pine forest, 75 percent of the acid deposition was neutralized, all in the forest floor. The pine-hardwood ecosystem accumulated sulfate, nitrate, and ammonia ions, and lost base cations. During seasons of deficient precipitation, dry deposition appeared to enrich the concentrations of hydrogen, nitrate, sulfate, and ammonia ions in throughfall samples at both locations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 29 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: : A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to develop an automated procedure for identifying the primary aquifers supplying ground water to individual wells in eastern Arkansas. As mandated by state law, water-use data are reported by ground-water withdrawers annually to the Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission, and stored in the Arkansas Site-Specific Water-Use Data System provided and supported by the U.S. Geological Survey. Although most withdrawers are able to provide the amount of water withdrawn and the depth of their wells, very few are able to provide the name of the aquifer from which they withdraw water.GIS software was used to develop an automated procedure for identifying the primary aquifers supplying ground water to individual wells in eastern Arkansas. The software was used to generate a spatial representation of the bottom boundary for the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer (the shallowest aquifer) in eastern Arkansas from well log-data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey. The software was then used to determine the depth of the aquifer bottom at reported well locations to ascertain whether the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer or a deeper aquifer was the primary aquifer providing water to each well. The alluvial aquifer was identified as the primary aquifer for about 23,500 wells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 4 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Precast concrete blocks can be used as erosion protection to a surface subjected to high-velocity water, for example a dam spillway.The paper describes model testing carried out on flat and wedge-shaped blocks in a purpose-designed facility at the University of Salford, where an open channel discharge intensity of 0.5 m2/s can be accelerated to a velocity of 7.5 m/s.The failure modes of tied and untied flat concrete blocks have been investigated under different laying and bedding conditions. The model results are compared to the findings from prototype studies. Results from experiments on wedge-shaped blocks of a Soviet design are also presented and confirm the Russian experience that the wedge shape is inherently stable at large discharges, a block of 100-m thickness being stable under a discharge intensity of 20 m2/s.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 6 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Tooth weight and body length of juvenile male northern fur seals, Callorhinus ursinus, collected on St. Paul Island, Alaska, from 1948 to 1984 were compared. The relationship between these variables was investigated for individual and combined age classes. A density-dependent increase in mean tooth weight occurred during a decline in fur seal abundance. Consistent, though poorly understood, differences in tooth weight were found among males associated with different rookeries (breeding grounds). Storing the teeth for long periods may affect the weights, but such effects, if any, are too small to account for the changes observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 627 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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