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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (1,913)
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (571)
  • 1990-1994  (2,483)
  • 1935-1939  (1)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Magellan observations indicate that many venusian impact craters have associated surfaces, typically lower in backscatter and emissivity than the surroundings, that extend up to hundreds of kilometers to the west of craters, in parabolic planforms. During Magellan's second mapping cycle, a number of these parabolic features were imaged for a second time, under a different viewing geometry. In some cases, the SAR backscatter appearance of portions of the parabolic features was quite different in the two datasets. We present a description and preliminary interpretations of the anomalous appearance of these features as observed during Magellan's first and second mapping cycles.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst., Papers Presented to the International Colloquium on Venus; p 92-93
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In order to induce a β-turn conformation into the chemotactic linear tripeptide N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP), the new analogue N-formyl-L-methionyl-ΔZleucyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester [ ΔZLeu]2f MLP-OMe (1) has been synthesized. The conformational and biochemical consequences of this chemical modification have been determined. Analogue 1 has been synthesized by using N-carboxy-(Z)-α,β-didehydroleucine anhydride as key compound to introduce the unsaturated residue at the central position of the tripeptide 1. The x-ray analysis shows that 1 adopts in the crystal a type II β-turn conformation in which the new residue occupies the (i + 2) position, and an intramolecular H bond is formed between the formylic oxygen and the Phe NH. 1H-nmr analysis based on nuclear Overhauser effect measurements suggests that the same folded conformation is preferred in CDCl3 solution; this finding is also supported by molecular dynamics simulation. The biological activity of 1 has been determined on human neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) and compared to that shown by f MLP-OMe. Chemotactic activity, granule enzyme release, and superoxide anion production have been determined. Analogue 1 is practically inactive as chemoattractant, highly active in the superoxide generation, and similar to the parent in the lysozyme release. The conformational restriction imposed on the backbone by the presence of the unsaturated residue is discussed in relation with the observed bioselectivity. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: For-Thp-Leu-ΔzPhe-OMe (2), an analogue of the chemotactic tripeptide For-Met-Leu-Phe-OMe, containing 4-aminotetrahydrothiopyran-4-carboxylic acid (Thp) and (Z)-2,3-didehydrophenylalanine (ΔzPhe) as achiral, conformationally restricted mimics of Met and Phe, respectively, has been synthesized. In the crystal the new formyltripeptide adopts a type I β-turn conformation stabilized by a weak H bond between the formylic oxygen and the ΔzPhe NH. 1H-nmr analysis based on NH solvent accessibility and nuclear Overhauser effect experiments suggests that the β-turn is not preferred in CDCl3 solution where a γ-turn, centered at the Thp residue, prevails. The biological activity of 2 has been determined on human neutrophils and compared to that of previously studied analogues. The tripeptide 2 is practically unable to elicit superoxide anion production and lysozyme release, while slight, but not statistically significant activity was induced in chemotaxis. The role of the orientation of the aromatic ring with respect to the backbone adjacent atoms is discussed. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 22 (1994), S. 614-619 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The iron ore deposit of Kerry (north-western Syria) has been sampled; by means of the combined use of small-area x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (SA-XPS), small-area x-ray induced Auger electron spectroscopy (SA-XAES), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), the smelting process of the most iron-rich ore has been studied under a CO atmosphere up to 1570 K. Attention has been focused on the chemical aspects involvéd during the reduction of the iron ore and on the chemical composition of the non-metallic compounds, i.e. the slags, that result from the smelting process. Furthermore, this information has been compared with that obtained from early iron metallurgy slags and artefacts found in north-western Syria in order to locate the geographical source of the iron ore exploited during the early Iron Age in this region.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 22 (1994), S. 376-379 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have used x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to probe the actual surface composition of alkali-doped and undoped TiO2 films prepared by the sol-gel technique. The role of thermal pretreatments, conducted at various temperatures, and the effect of doping with Na are discussed. XPS results are compared with the electrical response of prototype devices having TiO2 films as the active element, with the help of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 42 (1991), S. 32-39 
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Examination of 1,4-cis-polybutadiene crosslinked by irradiation yielded a decrease of the cleavage products 1,4-butadiene and 4-vinylcyclohexene in the pyrograms, which was up to ten times greater than expected from the reaction mechanism assumed so far and from results obtained by measurements of the modulus of compression. This drastical reduction of the main cleavage products can only be attributed to a correspondingly large reduction of the double bonds in the polybutadiene with increasing crosslinking. It could be demonstrated by metathesis degradation combined with GC/MS coupling and examination by Raman spectroscopy that the degree of degradation and the number of C—C double bonds decrease in the same way with increasing dosis of irradiation and network density. The crosslinking of 1,4-cis-polybutadiene thus proceeds by the splitting of the double bonds with subsequent short-chain polymerization and leads to the formation of junction points with f 〉 10.
    Notes: Pyrolysegaschromatographische Untersuchungen von mit β-Strahlen vernetztem 1,4-cis-Polybutadien ergaben eine bis zu zehnfach größere Abnahme der Spaltprodukte 1,4-Butadien und 4-Vinylcyclohexen als sie nach Ablauf eines bisher angenommenen Reaktionsmechanismus und den Ergebnissen der Kompressionsmodulmessungen auftreten dürfte. Diese drastische Verringerung der Hauptspaltprodukte kann nur auf eine entsprechend große Abnahme der Doppelbindungen im Polybutadien mit zunehmender Vernetzung zurückgeführt werden. Durch Metatheseabbau in Kombination mit einer GC/MS-Kopplung und ramanspektroskopische Untersuchungen konnte gezeigt werden, daß der Abbaugrad und die C=C-Doppelbindungen in gleicher Weise mit zunchmender Strahlendosis und Netzwerkdichte abnehmen. Die strahlenchemische Vernetzung von 1,4-cis-Polybutadien erfolgt damit über die Aufspaltung der Doppelbindungen mit einer sich anschließenden Kurzkettenpolymerisation und führt zur Bildung von Netzknoten mit einer Funktionalität f 〉 10.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The paper summarizes the fundamental gravity field constants for Mars and a brief historical review of early determinations and current-day accurate estimates. These include the planetary gravitational constant, global figure, dynamical oblateness, mean density, and rotational period. Topographic results from data acquired from the 1967 opposition to the most recent, 1988, opposition are presented. Both global and selected local topographic variations and features are discussed. The inertia tensor and the nonhydrostatic component of Mars are examined in detail. The dimensionless moment of inertia about the rotational axis is 0.4 for a body of uniform density and 0.37621 if Mars were in hydrostatic equilibrium. By comparing models of both gravity and topography, inferences are made about the degree and depth of compensation in the interior and stresses in the lithosphere.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: In: Mars (A93-27852 09-91); p. 209-248.
    Format: text
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The impact craters with diameters from 1.5 to 280 km compiled from Magellan observations indicate that the crater population on Venus has a completely spatially random distribution and the size/density distribution of craters with diameters greater than or equal to 35 km is consistent with a 'production' population with an age of 500 plus or minus 250 m.y. The similarity in size distribution from area to area indicates that the crater distribution is independent of crater size. Also, the forms of the modified craters are virtually identical to those of the pristine craters. These observations imply that Venus reset its cratering record by global resurfacing 500 m.y. ago, and resurfacing declined relatively fast. The fact that less than 40 percent of all craters have been modified and that the few volcanically embayed craters are located on localized tectonic regions indicate that only minor and localized volcanism and tectonism have occurred since the latest vigorous resurfacing event approximately 500 m.y. ago and the interior of Venus has been solid and possibly colder than Earth's. This is because the high-temperature lithosphere of Venus would facilitate upward ascending of mantle plumes and result in extensive volcanism if the venusian upper mantle were as hot as or hotter than Earth's. Therefore, the present surface morphology of Venus may provide useful constraints on the pattern of that vigorous convection, and possibly on the thermal state of the venusian mantle. We examine this possibility through numerical calculations of three-dimensional thermal convection models in a spherical shell with temperature- and pressure-dependent Newtonian viscosity, temperature-dependent thermal diffusivity, pressure-dependent thermal expansion coefficient, and time-dependent internal heat production rate solar magnitude.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst., Papers Presented to the International Colloquium on Venus; p 5-6
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