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  • Cell differentiation  (1)
  • Dopamine  (1)
  • 1990-1994  (1)
  • 1965-1969  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cell differentiation ; Spinal cord ; Cell cultures ; Trypsination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Cervikales und thorakales Rückenmark 6 und 7 Tage alter Hühnerembryonen wurde trypsiniert. Die isolierten Rückenmarkszellen wurden kultiviert und anschließend licht- und elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Unmittelbar nach der Isolierung kann man die Zellen morphologisch nicht unterscheiden. Nach wenigen Stunden der Inkubation beobachtet man ein erstes Auswachsen feiner Portsätze. Nach ca. 12stündiger Kulturzeit beginnt eine Zusammenlagerung der Zellen in Zellklumpen und lockeren Zellverbänden immer deutlicher zu werden, ohne daß eine aktive Zellbewegung sichtbar wird. Die Zusammenlagerung der Zellen geht mit einer feinstrukturell verfolgbaren Ausreifung einher. Am Ende der 1. Woche findet man neben einigen astrocytären Gliazellen auch zahlreiche andere polymorphe Formen, die sich weder als Astroglia- noch als Oligodendroglia-Zellen typisieren lassen. Letztere konnten während der kurzen Inkubationsdauer weder licht- noch elektronenmikroskopisch identifiziert werden. Die Nervenzellen zeigen eine Zunahme ihrer Organellen und eine Zusammenlagerung ihres endoplasmatischen Retikulums zu Ergastoplasmaformationen. Axone und Dendriten sind bereits nach 3tägiger Inkubation erkennbar. Ein eindeutiges Kriterium der Nervenzellausreifung stellt die Bildung von Synapsen dar, die nach dem 5. Tag der Inkubation deutlich wird. Es bilden sich axo-dendritische, axosomatische und axo-axonale Synapsen. Die mögliche physiologische Bedeutung der Synapsen auf Grund ihrer Ultrastruktur und die Bedeutung der ‚'membrane junctions” wird diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Cervical and thoracic segments of the spinal cord of six and seven days old chicken embryos were trypsinized. The isolated cells have been cultivated in vitro and studied both light- and electronmicroscopically. Immediately after isolation, neurons or glial cells can not be distinguished by morphological criteria. After a few hours in vitro, however, the first sprouting of fibres is visible. About 12 hours later an aggregation of cells in bulks or loosely woven nets becomes more and more prominent, without an active cellmovement visible. The aggregational process of the previously dissociated cells is combined with ultrastructural differentiation. At the end of the first week in vitro one could recognize besides some astrocytes a great number of those cells which were neither astroglia-nor oligodendroglia-cells. The latter were not detectable during our short periods of cultivation. Those cells showing an enhancement of organelles and their endoplasmic reticulum formed an ergastoplasm after five to seven days in vitro are definitely nerve cells, whose axons and dendrites appear after three days of incubation. The most convincing criteria of nerve cell maturation is the appearance of synapses, which increase in number from the fifth day of incubation onwards. Axo-dendritic, axo-somatic and axo-axonal synapses are present. A possible physiological significance of the synapses in relation to their ultrastructural features and the importance of the “membrane junctions” has been discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 261 (1990), S. 359-365 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Dopamine ; Interplexiform cell ; Cones ; Rods ; Synapses ; Outer plexiform layer ; Catfish, Kryptopterus bicirrhis (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Dopaminergic interplexiform cells in retinae of glass catfish were investigated using an antiserum against tyrosine hydroxylase and peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) visualization. In whole-mount preparations, we observed a homogeneous distribution of cell bodies throughout the retina without any indication of regional specializations. At the ultrastructural level, we studied the morphology of labelled telodendria within the outer plexiform layer. Apart from contacts with horizontal cells and bipolar cell dendrites, we report for the first time direct contacts with cone pepdicles and rod spherules. Quantitative evaluation of short series of sections showed that all cone pedicles, and a major part of the rod terminals, were approached in this way. The dopaminergic pathway terminating on photoreceptors is discussed in the context of pharmacological effects of this transmitter in the distal retina during light adaptation, i.e., cone contraction, spinule formation and horizontal cell coupling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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