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  • Springer  (209)
  • American Institute of Physics  (106)
  • 1990-1994  (229)
  • 1965-1969  (86)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 54 (1992), S. 209-218 
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Cyanobacteria ; Eukaryotic microalgae ; Macroalgae ; Natural products ; Screening ; Pharmaceuticals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary An algae screening program, including cultured macroalgae, cultured cyanobacteria and cultured eukaryotic microalgae has been undertaken. Methods for the isolation, purification, preservation and cultivation of axenic cyanobacteria and eukaryotic cultures have been developed. Screening of these groups for biologically active components has lead to the isolation of pachydictyol and caulerpenyne from cultured macroalgae, while a series of hapalindoles and an antifungal depsipeptide have been isolated from cyanobacteria.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 54 (1990), S. 37-42 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Insecta ; Delia antiqua ; onion fly ; oviposition ; soil temperature ; air temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La température du sol est réglée, dans les pondoirs de D. antiqua, par un thermoblock, tandis que toutes les autres variables, associées au succédané d'oignon servant de stimulus de ponte, sont maintenues constantes. Une relation causale entre température du sol et activité de ponte est mise en évidence. Quand il y a choix entre des substrats de ponte à 5, 15, 22, 30 et 40°C, avec une température de l'air de 22°C, les mouches pondent surtout dans le substrat à 22°C. L'optimum thermique est de 20°C quand la température de l'air est abaissée à 15°C. La ponte n'est que de 50 œufs quand la température de l'air est portée à 30°C, contre respectivement 454 et 1128 œufs à 22 et 15°C. Ainsi, une température de l'air de 30°C paraît proche de la limite supérieure de l'activité de ponte de D. antiqua. Le nombre de mouches observées sur le substrat (toutes les 15 min.) ne varie pas significativement quand la température du substrat est entre 15 et 40°C. La gamme de températures provoquant la fixation sur le substrat est plus large que celle des températures provoquant une ponte importante. L'optimum de 20°C correspond bien aux températures favorables à la survie et à la croissance de D. antiqua. Ce travail montre l'effet important de facteurs abiotiques sur l'acceptation de la plante-hôte.
    Notes: Abstract A direct causal relationship was demonstrated between soil temperature and insect ovipositional propensity. When ovipositional substrates (soils) at 5, 15, 22, 30, 35, and 40°C were presented in multiple treatment (‘choice’) tests with air temperature at 15 or 22°C, onion flies, Delia antiqua (Meigen) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), laid the most eggs in the 22°C substrate. Only 50 eggs were laid when air temperature was increased to 30°C, as compared to 454 and 1128 eggs at 22 and 15°C, respectively. Thus, an air temperature of 30°C appears to be near the upper limit of onion fly ovipositional activity. The numbers of flies observed (counts taken every 15 min) on substrates ranging from 15 to 40°C were not significantly different. Reduced alightment/arrestment does not explain reduced oviposition on the warmer substrates; however, it may partly explain reduced oviposition on 5°C substrates. The range of substrate temperatures facilitating substantial oviposition was narrower than that eliciting alightment/arrestment on the substrate. The ca. 20°C ovipositional optimum corresponds well with temperatures favoring egg survival and development.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 11 (1968), S. 464-469 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Benzol-Rohextrakte von 6 Nicht-Wirtsbäumen riefen allein bei erwachsenen Scolytus multistriatus (Marsh.) keine Fraßreaktionen hervor. Wurden sie zu gleichen Teilen mit einem stimulierenden Extrakt von Ulmus americanus L. kombiniert, so setzten alle Rohextrakte aus Nicht-Wirten die Fraßmenge herab, die sonst auftritt. Wenigstens zwei der Nicht-Wirte (Populus deltoides Bartr. und Aesculus octandra Marsh.) enthielten auf kurze Entfernung wirkende positive Reize, aber ihr Einfluß auf eine positive Reaktion des Insekts wurde bei den meisten Behandlungen durch Verbindung mit abweisenden (deterrent) Stoffen verhindert. So spielen bei der Auslösung der Ablehnung von Rohextrakten der Nicht-Wirte durch die Käfer Deterrent- und Repellent-Reize die Hauptrolle.
    Notes: Abstract Crude benzene extracts of 6 non-host trees alone did not stimulate feeding responses by adults of Scolytus multistriatus (Marsh.). When combined equally with a stimulatory extract from Ulmus americana L., all of the crude non-host extracts reduced the amount of feeding which otherwise occurred. At least two of the non-hosts (Populus deltoides Bartr. and Aesculus octandra Marsh) contained positive short-range orientational stimuli, but their induction of a positive response by the insect was prevented in most treatments by associated deterrent chemicals. Thus, stimuli (deterrents and repellents) played the dominant role in eliciting the rejection of crude non-host extracts by the beetles.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: sex peptide ; mating receptivity ; oviposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Egg depositional rates of onion flies, Delia antiqua(Meigen), injected thoracically with extracts of male paragonial glands were identical (14.5 eggs/female/ day) to those of normally mated females. Moreover, when continuously exposed to males, extract-injected females refused to mate and produced unfertilized eggs for the duration of the 〉 15- day experiment. For this normally monocoitic dipteran, 〈1 male equiv of paragonial secretion completely reproduced the ovipositional responses characteristic of normal mating, and this effect required no involvement of the genitalia or genital chamber. We suggest that the receptor for the active chemical (s) (sex peptide?) would be an excellent target for biorational insect control by sterilization. Moreover, these primer sex pheromones might play an important role in insect reproductive isolation and evolution.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 45 (1993), S. 109-130 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a general framework for modeling and evaluating investments which involve flexibility to switch between alternative states of operation (for example, different sets of production inputs and outputs). The model employs a contingent claims pricing approach and encompasses previous real option models as special cases. We discuss practical solution techniques for the valuation problem under different assumptions regarding the cost and frequency of switching.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 27 (1990), S. 3-38 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract A continuing priority in sensitivity and parametric analysis is to develop approaches that provide useful information, that are easy for a decision-maker to use, and that are computationally practical. Herein we review approaches to sensitivity analysis in linear programming and discuss how they meet the above needs. Special emphasis is given to sensitivity analysis of the objective function coefficients.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of flexible manufacturing systems 4 (1992), S. 309-330 
    ISSN: 1572-9370
    Keywords: decision making ; flexible manufacturing systems ; scheduling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper introduces a generic decision-making framework for assigning resources of a manufacturing system to production tasks. Resources are broadly defined production units, such as machines, human operators, or material handling vehicles; and tasks are activities performed by resources. In the specific context of FMS, resources correspond to individual machines; tasks correspond to operations to be performed on parts. The framework assumes a hierarchical structure of the system and calls for the execution of four consecutive steps to make a decision for the assignment of a resource to a task. These steps are 1) establishment of decision-making criteria, 2) formation of alternative assignments, 3) estimation of the consequences of the assignments, and 4) selection of the best alternative assignment. This framework has been applied to an existing FMS as an operational policy that decides what task will be executed on which resource of this FMS. Simulation runs provide some initial results of the application of this policy. It is shown that the policy provides flexibility in terms of system performance and computational effort.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: Low temperature hydroxylation ; isobutane ; iron perhaloporphyrin complex catalyst ; molecular oxygen with isobutane ; tert-butyl alcohol ; alkane oxydation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Irontetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)β-octabromoporphyrinato complexes have been synthesized for the first time and shown to have unprecedented catalytic activity for the reaction of molecular oxygen with isobutane to givetert-butyl alcohol. This is the first report of the use of a perhaloporphyrin complex for mild, selective air-oxidation of an alkane and extends the trend of increased activity with halogen substitution established previously. Replacing the eight β-(pyrrolic) hydrogens in Fe(TPPF20) complexes with bromines gives catalysts having twice the room temperature air-oxidation activity of the Fe(TPPF20) complexes. Room temperature reaction of isobutane with oxygen catalyzed by Fe(TPPF20β6-Br8)Cl produces 190 moles product per mole catalyst per hour with over 90% selectivity to the alcohol. The catalyst activity is unchanged after 74 hours.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of value-based management 7 (1994), S. 107-126 
    ISSN: 1572-8528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract The primary goal for providing damages for loss of business profits to a plaintiff, is to make the plaintiff whole with regards to monetary losses suffered. When the loss of profits results from international operations, the determination of the loss is more complex than from domestic operations, since political and currency risk need to be considered in addition to business risk. When lost profits occur in the future, these need to be discounted to present value. The discount rate used to discount these profits should be adjusted to acount for the risk associated with these future lost profits.
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