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  • 1
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    CDAW 7 revisited - Further evidence for the creation of a near-earth substorm neutral line (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: Eastman et al. (1988) have interpreted the CDAW 7 substorm of April 24, 1979, previously taken as unambiguously supporting the near-earth neutral line model of magnetospheric substorms, in terms of spatial movements of a preexisting plasma-sheet boundary layer (PSBL) and its associated current sheets across the observing ISEE 1 and 2 spacercraft. It is presently noted that, by contrast, a reinvestigation of ISEE 1 and 2 energetic particle measurements around substorm onset on short time-scales shows the observed flux pattern to require the formation of a particle source eastward of the ISEE spacecraft, well within the plasma sheet, associated with the substorm onset. Strong flows were absent prior to substorm onset, indicating the temporal nature of the event, as opposed to an encounter with a preexisting PSBL containing large flows.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 95; 12045-12
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Energy spectra and pitch angle distributions of storm-time and substorm injected protons. (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-16
    Beschreibung: Discussion of the energy spectra and pitch angle distributions of ring current protons observed with the solid-state proton detector of Explorer 45 during the main and fast recovery phases of a storm on Dec. 17, 1971. Appearances of characteristic changes in the pitch angle distributions of roughly 100-eV protons are interpreted as pitch angle dispersion of rapidly injected protons during their azimuthal drift at L values above 5.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research; 78; Aug. 1
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Observations of proton spectra /Ep ranging from 1.0 to 300 keV/ and fluxes at the plasmapause. (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-27
    Beschreibung: Discussion of proton flux data recorded for 32 samples per spin period by two solid state proton detectors and a three-axis fluxgate magnetometer aboard Explorer 45 which was launched from Kenia into a 220-km-to-5.24 earth radius orbit. The occurrence of an amplifier saturation effect in the presence of high energy protons is noted. Diagrams are included for proton intensities, proton differential flux vs altitude in six energy bands, evolution of proton differential energy spectra through a steep gradient region, omnidirectional fluxes vs altitude, and plasma densities.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research; 78; Aug. 1
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Observations of proton spectra (1.0 less than or equal to proton energy less than or equal to 300 keV) and pitch angle distributions at the plasmapause (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-27
    Beschreibung: Detailed proton spectral and pitch angle distribution observations were obtained from two proton detectors and a fluxgate magnetometer flown on Small Scientific Satellite A (Explorer 45). The data of interest are from orbit 99 in-bound occurring on 17 December 1971, some 8 hours prior to the sudden commencement of a magnetic storm. The data are consistent with the initiation of ion cyclotron instability when certain requirements are met. These criteria are met initially at the altitude at which the sudden intensity decrease occurs. However, after the initiation of the instability, the linear theory is unable to explain the further evolution of intensities, pitch angle distributions, and energy spectra of the ring current particles.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA-TM-X-68743 , NOAA-TM-ERL-SEL-21
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Explorer 45 (S 3-A) observations of the magnetosphere and magnetopause during the 4-5 August 1972, magnetic storm period (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-27
    Beschreibung: The Explorer 45 satellite performed extensive field and particle measurements in the heart of the magnetosphere during the double magnetic storm period of August 4-5, 1972. Both ground level magnetic records and the magnetic field deformations measured along the orbit by the satellite indicated the existence of only a moderate ring current. This was confirmed by the measurements of the total proton energy density less than those observed during the December 1971 and June 1972 magnetic storms. The plasmapause in the noon quadrant was eroded continuously from the onset of the first storm at the beginning of August 4 to an altitude below L = 2.07 at about 18 hours on August 5. During the orbit containing the second sudden commencement a large amount of low frequency electric and magnetic field noise was encountered throughout the entire orbit. A noteworthy observation during this orbit was the contraction of the magnetopause to distances inside the satellite at L = 5.2.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA-TM-X-70644 , X-621-74-114
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Observations of artificially produced scintillations using satellite transmissions (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-27
    Beschreibung: The ionospheric modification experiment, utilizing a high-powered transmitter, provides an opportunity to study ionospheric irregularities under relatively known conditions. The irregularities were studied by means of transionospheric signals from the polar-orbiting satellite ESSA 8 transmitting at 137 MHz. These observations show that scintillations occur when the satellite to ground station geometry is such that the ray from the satellite passes through the region in the ionosphere under modification. In general, a cut across the illuminated volume is obtained; thus an active region of about 100 km in diameter is indicated. For the most part, the artificial scintillations appear to be similar to those obtained from naturally occurring irregularities, but a systematic change from 3 to 1 sec in the fluctuation period is usually observed as the satellite traverses from the northern to the southern portions of the active region. The change in period appears to be produced by a systematic change in irregularity scale size from about 4 to about 1 km.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research; 79; Mar. 1
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Ionospheric storm of March 8, 1970 (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-27
    Beschreibung: Electron content spatial and temporal variation during ionospheric storm of 8 March 1970 after total solar eclipse
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: ; 367-414. (
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Initial observations of magnetospheric boundaries by Explorer 45 /S3/ (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13
    Beschreibung: Attention is given to the nature of the inner edge of the proton ring current and its relationship to the plasmapause, the observation of the magnetopause during the large event of Aug. 4, 1972, and the observation of the electron plasma sheet at the apogee of Explorer 45. Two features in the interaction region between the inner edge of the proton ring current and the plasmapause are discussed.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Correlated interplanetary and magnetospheric observations; Seventh ESLAB Symposium; May 22, 1973 - May 25, 1973; Saulgau
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Behavior of the ionospheric F region during the great solar flare of August 7, 1972 (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-27
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: AD-776039 , AFCRL-TR-74-0121 , Journal of Geophysical Research; 79; Feb. 1
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Initial Explorer 45 substorm observations and electric field considerations (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-27
    Beschreibung: Description of initial Explorer 45 substorm observations of particle distributions near the equator at altitudes from 5 to 5.5 earth radii. These initial results pertain to the evening sector and to a substorm occurring on Dec. 12, 1971. Fluxes, spectra, and energy densities are presented for 1- to 300-keV protons and 1.5- to 560-keV electrons. Arrival time dispersion effects are shown for electrons. These data are compared with the plasma cloud concepts and electric field model used by DeForest and McIlwain (1971) and McIlwain (1972) to explain particle observations at geosynchronous orbit.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research; 79; Feb. 1
    Format: text
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