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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electric organs in skates: Variation and phylogenetic significance (Chondrichthyes: Rajoidei) (1994)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 221 (1994), S. 45-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A total of 63 species of skates (Chondrichthyes: Rajoidei) were surveyed, along with three species of the outgroup (Chondrichtyes: Rhinobatoidei) for electric organs along the sides of the tail. All skate specimens examined possessed what appeared to be functional electric organs, and the three species of the outgroup lacked evidence of electric organs. The electric organs were tail-positive and arranged into horizontal columns divided by transverse septa. The electrocytes varied considerably within and among supraspecific taxa (subgenera and genera), but they could be broadly classified into cup-shape, modified cup-shape, intermediate-shape, and disc-shape cells, provided that the distinction was partially based on position of the electrocytes within their connective tissue chambers. The survey, in part, corroborates a phylogenetic hypothesis of skates and in some respects further resolves the hypothesis. The supraspecific taxa Atlantoraja and Rioraja have similar derived-type electrocytes, as do the five supraspecific taxa of Rajini, and Cruriraja and Anacanthobatis, and to a lesser extent the supraspecific taxa Arhynchobatis, Psammobatis, and Sympterygia, and the supraspecific taxa Notoraja, Pavoraja, and Pseudoraja, corroborating the hypothesis. The supraspecific taxa Amblyraja, Rajella, Leucoraja, Breviraja, and Dactylobatus were unresolved in the phylogenetic hypothesis, but the electrocyte survey suggested that Leucoraja, Breviraja, and Dactylobatus were derived with respect to Amblyraja and Rajella. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052210104
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple sites of HOX-7 expression during mouse embryogenesis: Comparison with retinoic acid receptor mRNA localization (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 32 (1992), S. 303-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: In situ hybridization ; Cephalic neural crest ; Mouse development ; Ectomesodermal interaction ; Ectodermal ridge ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We report results from a study of Hox-7 expression during mouse embryonic and fetal development and compare the localization of Hox-7 transcripts with those of the retinoic acid receptors. Transcripts were detected by in situ hybridization. Hox-7 expression occurs in (1) cephalic neural crest and its derivatives, (2) sites of ectomesodermal interaction, (3) extraembryonic tissues, and (4) endocardial cells. Hox-7 does not seem to be involved in defining rostrocaudal boundaries, but instead appears to be expressed along the proximodistal axes at these sites. We further investigated the active sites of morphogenesis, which involve an ectomesodermal interaction (e.g., limb buds, visceral arches), including genital tubercle and tail ridge. These are regions highly positive for Hox-7 transcripts, and many are known to be sites for the expression of γ-retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and cellular retinoic acid binding proteins. Most regions that express Hox-7 are subregions of γ-RAR expression. In the developing limb bud, expression of Hox-7 takes place in the interdigital region, where it overlaps areas of β-RAR expression.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080320402
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Delayed malignancy and altered growth properties of somatic cell hybrids between rat hepatoma and mouse L-cells (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 90 (1977), S. 179-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Somatic cell hybrids of mouse L-cells with rat HTC cells were studied for their growth properties in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. Three hybrid clones were selected for detailed study. All were delayed in tumor formation in nude mice compared with the parent lines despite their varied growth properties in vitro.One clone was sensitive to density dependent inhibition of growth (DDIG) and had a relatively low saturation density. A second clone was not sensitive to DDIG and had a higher saturation density. The third clone had atypical morphology, was insensitive to DDIG, and had a relatively high saturation density. All of the clones studied produced colonies suspended in agarose gel which were much smaller than those of the parents incubated for the same period of time. Only the pattern of growth in agarose gel corresponded to the delayed tumor formation in vivo of the hybrids. Sensitivity to DDIG and saturation density were not consistent with tumor growth.The hybrid clone that was sensitive to DDIG was the only one of the three that had a nearly complete set of chromosomes derived from each of the parents. The chromosome numbers of all three clones were unchanged after growth in agarose or as tumors in the nude mice.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040900205
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of replicon cluster ligation into chromosomal DNA at elevated temperatures (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 142 (1990), S. 365-371 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The rate limiting enzymatic step for DNA replication in HeLa cells incubated at 43.5°C v/as the ligation of clusters of replicons into the cell's genome. At 43.5° the reciprocal slope for inhibition of DNA chain (replicon) initiation, or of the ligation of replicon clusters into the genome, was 18 or 7 min, respectively. The failure of replicon clusters to be ligated into chromosomal DNA was not a consequence of the failure of histone proteins to be deposited onto replicating DNA, or of chromatin replicated at 43.5°C to be organized into fully condensed chro-matin. In addition it was not due to the failure of fully active topoisomerase II to be deposited at a normal frequency along replicating chromatin DNA. The failure of replicon clusters to be ligated into the genome resulted in the persistence of single, but not double, DNA strand breaks in the cell's genome 24 hours after cell heating.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041420220
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear protein redistribution in heat-shocked cells (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 154 (1993), S. 402-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: An increase was observed in the total protein mass of nuclei isolated from Chinese hamster ovary cells heated at 45°C or 45.5°C. An increase in the fractional recovery of DNA polymerase α and β, and of DNA topoisomerase activity coincided with this increase in the protein mass of nuclei from heated cells. Nuclear protein mass which was soluble in 2.0 M NaCl decreased 0.5 fold, while DNA-associated and nuclear matrix-associated protein mass increased 2.2 and 3.4 fold, respectively. The results indicate that the increase in nuclear protein mass observed in nuclei from heated cells is due in part to an increased binding, or precipitation, of nuclear proteins onto the cell's DNA and nuclear matrix. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041540224
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Understanding the dynamics of cellular responsiveness to modifications of metabolic substrates in perifusion (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 160 (1994), S. 10-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A novel microperifusion system with capabilities for continuous, real-time, potentiometric monitoring of extracellular hydrogen ion concentration has been used to define the response of HeLa cells to abrupt changes in extracellular energy sources or introduction of an inhibitor of glycolysis. Glycolytic inhibition, induced by removal of glucose or introduction of iodoacetate, each led to a rapid, continuous decrease in acid release. The response to iodoacetate took longer than removal of glucose, perhaps due to the time required for binding and activation. Once inhibition began, however, the rate of change was greater than following glucose removal. Conversely, recovery time following iodoacetate inhibition was much slower than with glucose removal. Unlike the response to short-term glucose depletion, a second pulse of iodoacetate resulted in a faster response followed by an even longer recovery time. The response to switching between glucose and glutamine began almost without evident delay. The response patterns revealed that HeLa cells prefer glutamine to glucose, but, in the presence of both energy sources, some glucose continues to be used. In summary, these results indicate that continuous, real-time monitoring of the kinetics of hydrogen-ion release can be used to gain new insights into the dynamics of cellular response to perturbations of extracellular energy sources. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041600103
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human Interleukin-3 inhibits the binding of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-5 to basophils and strongly enhances their functional activity (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 145 (1990), S. 69-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The human T cell-derived cytokines interleukin (IL)-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CM-CSF), and IL-5 were examined for their ability to bind specifically to human basophils and to regulate their function. Scatchard analysis of equilibrium binding studies showed that IL-3 and GM-CSF, bound to basophils with apparent dissociation constants (KD) = 8 × 10-11M and 3.9 × 10-11M, respectively. Specificity studies under conditions that prevent receptor internalization showed that the binding of IL-3, GM-CSF, and IL-5 was not inhibited by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β, interferon (IFN)-γ, or G-CSF. However, receptors for IL-3, GM-CSF, and IL-5 interacted with each other on the basophil membrane, showing a unique spectrum of cross-reactivity, with IL-3 competing for GM-CSF and IL-5 binding, whereas GM-CSF and IL-5 showed little or no competition for IL-3 binding. In order to relate the binding properties of these cytokines to function, they were tested for their ability to influence basophil histamine release in an IgE/anti-IgE-dependent system. We found a hierarchy in the stimulation of basophil with the order of potency being IL-3 〉GM-CSF 〉IL-5. In addition, IL-3 stimulated larger amounts of histamine release than GM-CSF or IL-5. The observation that IL-3 interacts with receptors for GM-CSF and IL-5 may have a bearing on its stronger functional effects and suggests a major role for IL-3 in the pathogenesis of hypersensitivity syndromes.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041450111
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anti-integrin antibodies induce type IV collagenase expression in keratinocytes (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 157 (1993), S. 190-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: During wound healing, pericellular proteolysis is thought to be essential for the detachment of keratinocytes from basement membrane and in their migration into the wound bed. We have characterized integrin-type cell adhesion/migration receptors in human mucosal keratinocytes and examined their function in the regulation of type IV collagenase gene expression. Two major integrins of the β1 class, α2β1 and αβ1, were found to function as collagen and fibronectin receptors, respectively. Antibodies against β1 and α3 integrin subunits were found to stimulate the expression of the 92 kDa type IV collagenase severalfold in a dosedependent manner. Keratinocytes expressed also the 72 kDa type IV collagenase, the synthesis of which remained, however, unchanged in keratinocytes treated with anti-integrin antibodies. Stimulation of 92 kDa enzyme was found to be caused directly by antibody binding to integrins, since Fab-fragments of anti-β1 antibodies alone were able to induce collagenase expression in the absence of secondary, clustering antibodies. Antibodies against α2β1 integrin caused no stimulation. Keratinocytes seeded on different substrata (plastic, collagen, fibronectin, laminin, or vitronectin) showed equal induction of type IV collagenase expression. Expression of 92 kDa type IV collagenase could not be induced by peptides (GRGDS, GRGES), proteins (fibronectin, laminin, fibrinogen., albumin), or antibodies to fibronectin. We suggest that proteolytic processes around keratinocytes can be regulated by extracellular factors signalling through integrin-type receptors. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041570125
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