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  • Springer  (522)
  • Institute of Physics  (108)
  • 1990-1994  (541)
  • 1975-1979  (89)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple method for the spectrophotometric determination of chloride by solvent extraction as chromyl chloride (1977)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 67 (1977), S. 29-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine neue Methode für die Bestimmung von Chloridionen wurde angegeben. Sie beruht auf der Bildung von Chromylchlorid und dessen Extraktion mit Tetrachlorkohlenstoff. Der Extrakt hat spektrale Maxima bei 300 und 415 nm. Das Beersche Gesetz ist zwischen 20 und 320μg Chlorid erfüllt. Die besten Bedingungen für die spektrophotometrische Bestimmung wurden ermittelt und ein Verfahren empfohlen. Störungsmöglichkeiten einiger üblicher Anionen wurden untersucht.
    Notes: Summary A simple and direct method for the spectrophotometric determination of chloride, based on the formation of chromyl chloride and its extraction into carbon tetrachloride has been developed. The absorption spectrum of the organic extract shows two bands at 300 and 415 nm; Beer's law is obeyed at both wavelengths over the range 20–320μg of chloride. The best conditions for the spectrophotometric determination of chloride are determined and a procedure is recommended. Interferences from some of the most common anions are studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01196526
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectrophotometric determination of 1-naphthylamine in urine with pentacyanonitrosylmanganate (II) (1990)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 102 (1990), S. 151-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: 1-naphthylamine determination ; pentacyanonitrosylmanganate(II) ; spectrophotometry ; urine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A new Spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of 1-naphthylamine (R), based on its reaction with Mn(CN)5NO2− to form Mn(CN)5NH2R3− and measurement of the absorbance at 472 nm. In aqueous medium the molar absorptivity of the manganese complex is maximum (ɛ = 8.0 × 1031 · mole−1 ·cm−1) in the pH range 5.0–10.0, the colour develops more rapidly at pH 10.0. The absorptivity is increased by a factor of 3.5 if the complex is extracted as an ion-associate into chloroform. The extraction efficiency is 99.2% for a single-step extraction, and a concentration factor of 5 can also be achieved. Linearity of response extends over the range 0.04–1.4 gmg/ml 1-naphthylamine, the coefficient of variation being 1.4% at the 0.29 μg/ml level (n = 6). The detection and determination limits are 0.005 and 0.018 μg/ml, respectively. The method is selective enough to allow the determination of 1-naphthylamine in the presence of considerable amounts of other amines, such as aminophenols and phenylenediamines. Results obtained in the determination of 1-naphthylamine in human urine were very satisfactory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01244297
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of molybdenum and iron with salicylaldehyde thiosemicarbazone, and application to the analysis of steels (1976)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 65 (1976), S. 613-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Salicylaldehydsemicarbazon reagiert mit Molybdän(VI) in mineralsaurer Lösung in Gegenwart von Zinn(II)chlorid unter Bildung eines rot-violetten 1∶1-Komplexes (λmax=520 nm;ε=4,8·103 l·Mol−1·cm−1). Eisen (II und III) bildet einen grünen 1∶2-Komplex in einer Ammoniak-Ammoniumchloridlösung (λmax=590nm;ε=l,7·103 l·Mol−1·cm−1). Beide Komplexe eignen sich zur photometrischen Bestimmung von Mo und Fe in Gemischen. Mo kann in Gegenwart der 40fachen Gewichtsmenge Fe bestimmt werden, Fe läßt sich neben der doppelten Gewichtsmenge Mo bestimmen. Das Reagens eignet sich für die Stahlanalyse. Störungen durch metallische Fremdionen wurden überprüft.
    Notes: Summary Salicylaldehyde thiosemicarbazone reacts with molybdenum (VI) in mineral acid solution, in the presence of stannous chloride, to produce a 1∶1 red-violet complex (λmax=520 nm,ε=4.8×103l·mole−1·cm−1). Iron(II and III) forms a green 1∶2 complex, in ammonia-ammonium chloride solution (λmax=590 nm,ε=1.7×103l· mole−1·cm−1). Both complexes have been used with success in the photometric estimation of molybdenum and iron in mixtures. Molybdenum may be determined in presence of 40 times its weight of iron. Iron may be determined in presence of twice its weight of molybdenum. The reagent can be applied to the analysis of steels. The interferences of some metallic ions have been examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01218237
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple fatal mycetism caused byAmanita virosa in Mexico (1994)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 125 (1994), S. 3-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Amanita virosa ; Amatoxin ; Mortal mushroom poisoning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mushroom poisonings caused by amatoxins are mostly lethal. Information about mycetisms caused by white species ofAmanita is scarce. The present paper describes a case of mushroom poisoning caused byA. virosa. A prolongated latency period (6–10 hours), followed by cholera-like, improvement and visceral complication phases confirmed the amatoxin poisoning. The consumption of about 3 pounds of the toadstool by seven persons caused the death of five. Two patients survive the ingestion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01103968
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural immunocytochemistry and lectin histochemistry of the subcommissural organ in the snake Natrix maura with particular emphasis on its vascular and leptomeningeal projections (1990)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 93 (1990), S. 269-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ependymal cells of the subcommissural organ (SCO) of the snake Natrix maura display long basal processes which terminate either on blood vessels or on the leptomeninges. The cell body and the basal processes contain a secretory material detectable immunocytochemically at the light-microscopic level using an antibody raised against bovine Reissner's fiber. The present investigation deals with the ultrastructural location in these cells of the (i) immunoreactive material; (ii) concanavalin A (Con A)-and wheat-germ agglutinin (WGA)-binding sites. In the subnuclear region the immunoreactive material was located within dilated cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and had affinity for Con A but not for WGA. In the supranuclear region the secretory material was exclusively located within numerous granules. Since all these granules showed affinity for WGA, they can be regarded as “post-Golgi” elements. Thus, at variance with the situation in the mammalian SCO, in the ophidian SCO most of the secretion is stored in secretory granules rather than in dilated cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. In the perivascular and leptomeningeal endings the immunoreactive material was located within granules which, because of their affinity for WGA, should also be regarded as true secretory granules derived from the Golgi apparatus. It is concluded that these granules are transported along the basal processes and accumulated in the perivascular and leptomeningeal endfeet. This observation favours the view of a local release of the content of these granules, since there is no evidence for a reverse transport of these granules all the way back from the distal termination to the apical pole, to be finally released into the ventricle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266388
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of intraventricularly injected horseradish peroxidase in cerebrospinal fluid compartments of the rat spinal cord (1992)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 270 (1992), S. 485-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Central canal ; Cerebrospinal fluid ; Circulation ; Horseradish peroxidase ; Ependyma ; Rat (Sprague Dawley)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid along the central canal and its access to the parenchyma of the spinal cord of the rat have been analyzed by injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into the lateral ventricle. Peroxidase was found throughout the central canal 13 min after injection, suggesting a rapid circulation of cerebrospinal fluid along the central canal of the rat spinal cord. It was cleared from the central canal within 2 h, in contrast with the situation in the brain tissue, where it remained in the periventricular areas for 4 h. In the central canal, HRP bound to Reissner's fiber and the luminal surface of the ependymal cells; it penetrated through the intercellular space of the ependymal lining, reached the subependymal neuropil, the basement membrane of local capillaries, and appeared in the lumen of endothelial pinocytotic vesicles. Furthermore, it accumulated in the labyrinths of the basement membrane contacting the basolateral aspect of the ependymal cells. In ependymocytes, HRP was found in single pinocytotic vesicles. The blood vessels supplying the spinal cord were classified into two types. Type-A vessels penetrated the spinal cord laterally and dorsally and displayed the tracer along their external wall as far as the gray matter. Type-B vessels intruded into the spinal cord from the medial ventral sulcus and occupied the anterior commissure of the gray matter, approaching the central canal. They represented the only vessels marked by HRP along their course through the gray matter. HRP spread from the wall of type-B vessels, labeling the labyrinths, the intercellular space of the ependymal lining, and the lumen of the central canal. This suggests a communication between the central canal and the outer cerebrospinal fluid space, at the level of the medial ventral sulcus, via the intercellular spaces, the perivascular basement membrane and its labyrinthine extensions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00645050
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Class-specific epitopes detected by polyclonal antibodies against the secretory products of the subcommissural organ of the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 276 (1994), S. 515-522 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Subcommissural organ ; Reissner's fiber ; Secretory products ; Immunohistochemistry ; Development, phylogenetic ; Class-specific epitopes ; Dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula (Elasmobranchii)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have raised antisera against extracts of the subcommissural organ (SCO) of the dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula L. Brains of 2900 specimens were collected in acetone, and the region containing the SCO and posterior commissure was removed and extracted in three different media. Antisera against these crude extracts were raised in rats and rabbits. Sequential absorptions of the antisera with extracts from different regions of the dogfish brain were performed to eliminate unwanted antibodies. When used to immunostain sections of the whole central nervous system of the dogfish, these purified antisera reacted selectively with the SCO-Reissner's fiber complex. An antiserum against bovine Reissner's fiber was also used. The antisera against the dogfish SCO and bovine Reissner's fiber showed the same staining pattern in the SCO and the Reissner's fiber of the dogfish. For comparative purposes, the brains of 15 vertebrate species from all vertebrate classes were immunostained with both antisera. The anti-dogfish SCO serum reacted with the SCO of the dogfish and that of other phylogenetically related elasmobranch species. Neither the SCO of a primitive elasmobranch species, Heptranchias perlo, nor the SCO of the other classes of vertebrates reacted with the anti-dogfish SCO serum. However, the antiserum against bovine Reissner's fiber reacted with the SCO of all the investigated species. It is concluded that some epitopes (or compounds) in the secretory material of the SCO are class-specific, whereas others are conserved and are synthesized by the SCO in most vertebrate species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343948
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colloid droplets in the magnocellular secretory neurons of the reptilian hypothalamus: An immunocytochemical and lectin-histochemical study (1990)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 260 (1990), S. 69-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hypothalamus ; Neurosecretion ; Vasotocin-neurophysin precursor ; Immunocytochemistry ; Lectin histochemistry ; Snake, Natrix maura ; Lizard, Liolaemus cyanogaster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The immunocytochemical and lectin-binding properties of the magnocellular neurosecretory neurons in the hypothalamus of 2 reptilian species, the snake Natrix maura and the lizard Liolaemus cyanogaster, were investigated. Particular attention was paid to the secretory droplets present in these neurons. Antisera against bovine neurophysins I+II, arginine-vasotocin, and mesotocin were used. The following lectins were applied: concanavalin A (Con A), wheat-germ agglutinin (WGA), and Limax flavus agglutinin (LFA). Adjacent 1-μm-thick methacrylate sections were used to investigate the same secretory neuron and the same colloid droplets with all three antisera and all three lectins. Several sections were treated with trypsin and urea before immunostaining or lectin binding. Con A bound to both vasotocin- and mesotocin-immunoreactive neurons, WGA exclusively to vasotocin neurons; neither of these neurons reacted with LFA. The colloid droplets were present in vasotocin neurons but absent in the mesotocin neurons. These secretory droplets showed an affinity for Con A but not for WGA, and reacted with antisera against neurophysins and vasotocin. In Natrix maura, the colloid droplets became reactive with Con A and the antisera used only after pretreatment of the sections with trypsin and urea. Within the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system, antiserum against vasotocin and WGA revealed the same fiber bundles. It is concluded (i) that in reptiles the vasotocin-neurophysin precursor is glycosylated, (ii) that vasotocin neurons have the exclusive capacity to form colloid droplets, and (iii) that these droplets are an intracisternal (RER) storage form of the vasotocin-neurophysin precursor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297491
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Class-specific epitopes detected by polyclonal antibodies against the secretory products of the subcommissural organ of the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 276 (1994), S. 515-522 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Subcommissural organ – Reissner's fiber – Secretory products – Immunohistochemistry – Development, phylogenetic – Class-specific epitopes – Dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula (Elasmobranchii)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We have raised antisera against extracts of the subcommissural organ (SCO) of the dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula L. Brains of 2900 specimens were collected in acetone, and the region containing the SCO and posterior commissure was removed and extracted in three different media. Antisera against these crude extracts were raised in rats and rabbits. Sequential absorptions of the antisera with extracts from different regions of the dogfish brain were performed to eliminate unwanted antibodies. When used to immunostain sections of the whole central nervous system of the dogfish, these purified antisera reacted selectively with the SCO-Reissner's fiber complex. An antiserum against bovine Reissner's fiber was also used. The antisera against the dogfish SCO and bovine Reissner's fiber showed the same staining pattern in the SCO and the Reissner's fiber of the dogfish. For comparative purposes, the brains of 15 vertebrate species from all vertebrate classes were immunostained with both antisera. The anti-dogfish SCO serum reacted with the SCO of the dogfish and that of other phylogenetically related elasmobranch species. Neither the SCO of a primitive elasmobranch species, Heptranchias perlo, nor the SCO of the other classes of vertebrates reacted with the anti-dogfish SCO serum. However, the antiserum against bovine Reissner's fiber reacted with the SCO of all the investigated species. It is concluded that some epitopes (or compounds) in the secretory material of the SCO are class-specific, whereas others are conserved and are synthesized by the SCO in most vertebrate species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050113
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement error: Inter-and Intraobserver Variability. An Empiric Study (1990)
    Springer
    International journal of anthropology 5 (1990), S. 129-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1824-3096
    Keywords: Measurement error ; Intra-observer error ; Inter-observer error ; Replicate measurements
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The intra- and inter-observer measurement error variability was studied using univariate and multivariate statistical tests. Eleven skeletal variables of four individuals each in four Primate species were measured ten times by three different researchers, using six different tools. An average measurement error of 0.52 mm. was obtained. Univariate statistics showed significant differences among reseachers. A multivariate discriminant analysis could also discriminate them. The measurement error may be either systematic or random, and depends not only on the researcher, but also on the tool used, the variable measured, and on the magnitude of the variable. The technique of Measurement Replication is proposed in order to reduce the measurement error, specially when compairing small samples or when trying to find small average differences between populations. The replication technique also reduces the standard deviation of the population sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02442082
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