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  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (28)
  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY  (23)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (18)
  • Engineering General
  • Organic Chemistry
  • 1990-1994  (60)
  • 1975-1979  (35)
  • 1840-1849  (1)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The Microwave Limb Sounder observed waves in stratospheric temperature and O3 during the 1992 southern winter. Wave 1 intensifies three times from mid August through mid September, when a 9 day eastward traveling wave becomes in phase with the stationary wave 1. During the periods of wave intensification, minor sudden warmings and increased zonal mean O3 are observed. The waves have a westward phase tilt which results in an intensified baroclinic zone when the waves are in phase. Waves in T and O3 are positively correlated near 5 - 10 hPa, implying transport by planetary waves; this is supported by larger O3 wave amplitudes than expected from photochemistry alone.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 20; 12; p. 1255-1258.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: UARS MLS measurements of ClO in the 1992 Southern Hemisphere winter are described. Lower stratospheric ClO abundances greater than 1 ppbv were observed in the vortex beginning 1 June. The enhanced ClO reached largest areal extent in mid-August, then retreated poleward. ClO abundances at 22 hPa decreased in early September while those at 46 hPa remained high. O3 decrease within the vortex was observed by mid-August, and was coincident with the enhanced ClO.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 20; 12; p. 1219-1222.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The effects of the break-up of the Antarctic vortex on the water vapor distribution are studied using MLS measurements of water vapor made during September 1991 and November 1991. In early November at 22 hPa a moist area is found within the polar vortex, consistent with an observed descent of order 10 km and strong radiative cooling. As the vortex erodes (beginning of November 1991), parcels of moist air become detached from the edge of the vortex and mix rapidly (within 2-3 days) with drier mid-latitude air. When the vortex breaks up (mid-November), larger parcels of moist air from both the edge and the inner vortex migrate to mid-latitudes. These parcels have a longer lifetime than those produced by vortex erosion, probably because they are correlated with higher potential vorticity gradients. The break-up of the vortex is accompanied by a mean adiabatic equatorward transport resulting in a significant increase in midstratospheric water vapor values at mid-latitudes in late spring.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 20; 12; p. 1235-1238.
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The observed effects of sharp changes in sea surface temperature (SST) on the air-sea fluxes, surface roughness, and the turbulence structure in the surface layer and the marine atmospheric boundary layer are discussed. In situ flux and turbulence observations were carried out from three aircraft and two ships within the FASINEX framework. Three other aircraft used remote sensors to measure waves, microwave backscatter, and lidar signatures of cloud tops. Descriptions of the techniques, intercomparison of aircraft and ship flux data, and use of different methods for analyzing the fluxes from the aircraft data are described. Changing synoptic weather on three successive days yielded cases of wind direction both approximately parallel and perpendicular to a surface temperature front. For the wind perpendicular to the front, wind over both cold-to-warm and warm-to-cold surface temperatures occurred. Model results consistent with the observations suggest that an internal boundary layer forms at the SST.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 96; 8593-860
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  • 5
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The speckle camera in regular use at Kitt Peak National Observatory since 1974 is described in detail. The design of the atmospheric dispersion compensation prisms, the use of film as a recording medium, the accuracy of double star measurements, and the next generation speckle camera are discussed. Photographs of double star speckle patterns with separations from 1.4 sec of arc to 4.7 sec of arc are shown to illustrate the quality of image formation with this camera, the effects of seeing on the patterns, and to illustrate the isoplanatic patch of the atmosphere.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Applied Optics; 18; Apr. 1
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A tracking filter that includes an output that is logarithmically proportional to the amplitude of the filtered signal is used to measure the damping exponent of a transient decay. This method is analogous to the digital technique referred to as the moving-block or peak-plot method. The method is simple to use and quite accurate, avoids the numerical computations associated with similar digital techniques, but is constrained by the poor time-domain response characteristics of commercial tracking filters presently available.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA-TM-X-73121 , A-6535
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A wind-tunnel simulation of the diffusion patterns in a sea breeze has been attempted. No attempt was made to reproduce the recirculation that characterizes a sea breeze, but the results indicate that the low-level onshore flow was well simulated for neutral, stable, unstable, and elevated inversion conditions. Velocity, turbulence, shear stress, and temperature data were taken, and the spread of emissions from ground-level sources was investigated. Comparison is made with theoretical predictions by Inoue (1960) and with the open, countryside results of Pasquill. Agreement with the predictions by Inoue is good. The comparison with Pasquill's results shows that the wind-tunnel flows are shifted two categories towards more stable. The discrepancy may be explained as a lack of mesoscale turbulence in the wind tunnel.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Boundary-Layer Meteorology; 8; Mar. 197
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The problems associated with making accurate spectroradiometric measurements in the far UV region are sketched briefly. The equipment and methods that were developed for providing absolute sensitivity calibration of an Apollo 17 far UV spectrometer are described. The absolute reference standards were photoelectric diodes calibrated at the National Bureau of Standards. A complete vacuum optical facility, which included a premonochromator and stable UV light sources, was developed to calibrate the Apollo 17 instrument, and it has been used for a number of other tasks. Absolute radiometric calibrations between about 1200 and 1700 A were performed with an absolute accuracy of + or - 10%. The light source, which was designed to provide a very stable light output, is a low-pressure molecular hydrogen lamp in which the pressure is stabilized by thermal control of uranium hydride powder.-
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Applied Optics; 14; Sept
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  • 9
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Spatial triangulations and topographies of the Martian surface derived from Viking Orbiter pictures depend on the use of symmetric narrow-angle convergent pairs. The overlap in each pair is close to 100 percent and the ground principal points virtually coincide. The analysis of this paper reveals a high degree of indeterminacy in such pairs and at least in part explains the rather disappointing precision of the associated spatial triangulations.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing; 43; Dec. 197
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Comprehensive measurements in the vacuum UV range of 1200-3000 A of efficiency, polarization, and scattering of classically ruled and photoresist gratings are reported. The results show that the art of ruling gratings for vacuum UV use has reached a high level of sophistication and that careful analysis of grating properties can lead to useful improvement of the ruling art.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Applied Optics; 17; Oct. 1
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