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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (6)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (4)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (10)
  • 1990-1994  (7)
  • 1980-1984  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 25 (1993), S. 10-18 
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: microtubules ; blebs ; locomotion ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Colchicine-induced stimulation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) locomotion is an interesting model because extension of blebs at the front occurs at a rate (about 2.4 μm/s) which is far above that reported for growth of actin filaments. The following cytoskeletal changes were observed in colchicine-treated PMNs: (1)a small increase in cytoskeleton-associated actin was noted, as well as a somewhate more pronounced increase in cytoskeleton-associated α-actinin, as compared with untreated or DMSO-treated controls. There was, however, no measurable increase in F-actin as determined by NBD-phallacidin blinding; (2)the values for the ratio (α-actinin/actin) are lower in PMNs treated with colchicine for 30 min, as compared with PMNs stimulated with fNLPNTL for 1 minute (non-polar ruffling cells) or 30 min (polarized locomoting cells); thus, this ratio may depend on the type of PMN motility; (3) in polarized PMNs F-actin was mainly located linearly all along the cell membrane; there was more intense staining at the front of the cells; (4) α-actining appeared to colocalize with F-actin at the leading front, but not with F-actin at the tail of polarized cells; (5) myosin was preferentially found at the rear part of polarized cells but not or only to a small extent at the front. Our data indicate a close functional correlation between microtubules and microfilaments. We speculate that F-actin in combination with α-actinin promotes expansion of pseudopods, whereas myosin combined with F-actin promotes contraction. In more general terms we suggest that different forms of PMN motility are generated by differential selective interaction of cytoskeletal compnents and variations in the composition of the cytoskeleton in different sites of the same cells. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 3 (1983), S. 47-60 
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: neutrophil granulocytes ; motility ; locomotion ; cell-shape ; cell-substratum adhesion ; f-Met-Leu-Phe ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Activation of the motile apparatus by chemokinetic factors cannot be reliably assessed in cells that are attached to a solid substratum because motility can be totally abolished by excessive adhesion. It is however, necesary to quantify the activation of the motile apparatus in order to analyze and understand chemokinetic responses.It was the purpose of the present work to establish morphological criteria that can be used to quantify motility in nonadherent (floating) neutrophils and to predict the locomotor response under conditions of limited adhesion. The proportion of neutrophils performing crawling-like movements (polarized cells) in suspension correlates very closely with stimulated locomotion at low to optimal concentration of f-Met-Leu-Phe, ie, under conditions of limited adhesion. Reduced locomotion at supraoptimal concentrations of f-Met-Leu-Phe has also morphological correlates. The major feature is the decrease in the proportion of neutrophils performing crawling-like movements and the corresponding appearance of cells that are motile but not polarized in suspension and that do not locomote on the substratum. Concentration-dependent changes in neutrophil length and in the proportion of polarized neutrophils with and without tail were also observed. The locomotor potential of neutrophils under conditions of limited contact with the substratum can be predicted on the basis of their motile behavior, in particular the proportion of cells showing crawling-like movements, in suspension. In combination with measurements of adhesion the procedure should permit a more complete analysis of the regulation of chemokinetic responses.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 145 (1990), S. 465-471 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Diacylglycerols (OAG, diC8) and PMA were found to stimulate fluid pinocytosis (net uptake of FITC-dextran) to a far greater extent than other neutrophil activators, such as the chemotactic agents fNLPNTL and LTB4, the microtubule disassembling agents colchicine and nocodazole, the kinase inhibitor H-7, or D2O. OAG and diC8 produce a dose-dependent increase in the uptake of FITC-dextran, which is up to about 25- to 30-fold the control value of unstimulated neutrophils. The protein kinase inhibitor H-7 alone had a small stimulating effect on the net uptake, and it failed to inhibit stimulation of fluid pinocytosis by PMA, OAG, and diC8. Also, the protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine failed to inhibit fluid pinocytosis stimulated by OAG, diC8, and PMA. Stimulated fluid pinocytosis and vacuolization in response to PMA or diacylglycerols is associated with surface ruffling of neutrophils. Pinocytosis as well as surface ruffling stimulated by PMA, OAG, diC8, or diC10 are suppressed in the presence of cytochalasin D. The results suggest that diacylglycerols may be instrumental in transducing the signal for stimulated pinocytosis and that the surface movements induced by diacylglycerols, and PMA may be instrumental in fluid pinocytosis.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 161 (1994), S. 526-536 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Using two newly synthesized inhibitors, Ro 31-8220 and CGP 41 251, of protein kinase C (PKC), we analyzed: (1) how distinct PMN functions (shape changes, locomotion, pinocytosis) are regulated, and (2) the role of protein phosphorylation and PKC in this process. We were able to transform: (1) resting PMNs into locomoting cells using fNLPNTL, (2) locomoting cells into non-locomoting highly pinocytic cells using PMA, and (3) PMA-stimulated cells showing marked pinocytosis into locomoting or into resting cells using Ro 31-8220. It is thus possible to selectively manipulate PMN function (resting state, locomotion, marked pinocytosis), indicating that there are different regulatory pathways. It was not possible to induce locomotion and marked pinocytosis simultaneously, indicating crosstalk between pathways. Ro 31-8220 inhibited PMA-induced shape changes (nonpolar cells) and pinocytosis, but not fNLPNTL-induced shape changes (polarity) and pinocytosis. At higher concentrations, Ro 31-8220 alone elicited cell polarity and chemokinesis, indicating that a constitutively active protein kinase is involved in maintaining the spherical shape of resting PMNs. Functional effects of another PKC inhibitor, CGP 41 251, on neutrophil function were strikingly different. CGP 41 251 selectively inhibited fNLPNTL-induced polarity and locomotion (but not colchicine or Ro 31-8220-induced polarity), and it failed to inhibit PMA-induced, stimulated pinocytosis and shape changes. Although the effects of Ro 31-8220 vs. CGP 41 251 on PMN function were strikingly different, the inhibition of profiles for constitutive and for fNLPNTL- or PMA-induced protein phosphorylation in intact PMNs showed only small differences, which could not yet be conclusively related to cell function. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 620 (1994), S. 977-980 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Mercury(II) lead(II) oxide chloride ; synthesis ; crystal structure ; structural comparison ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: HgPb2O2Cl2, a “Perforated” Lead(II) OxideSingle crystals of HgPb2O2Cl2 were grown in a HgCl2 flux by reaction of PbO with HgCl2. Crystal structure analysis by single crystal X-ray methods were carried out. HgPb2O2Cl2 crystallizes monoclinic with a = 11.788(2) Å, b = 3.910(1) Å, c = 7.749(2) Å, β = 122.64(3)°, space group C2/m (No. 12) and Z = 2. HgPb2O2Cl2 is the first member of a new structure type, closely related to the structure of PbO.
    Notes: Einkristalle von HgPb2O2Cl2 wurden durch Umsetzung von PbO und HgCl2 in HgCl2-Schmelzen gezüchtet. An ihnen wurde der Aufbau mittels Einkristallröntgenstrukturanalyse bestimmt. HgPb2O2Cl2 kristallisiert monoklin mit a = 11,788(2) Å, b = 3,910(1) Å, c = 7,749(2) Å, β = 122,64(3)°, Raumgruppe C2/m (Nr. 12) und Z = 2. HgPb2O2Cl2 ist der erste Vertreter eines neuen Strukturtyps, der kristallchemisch von der Struktur von PbO ableitbar ist.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 597 (1991), S. 151-161 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Silver lead oxybromide ; crystal structure ; layer structure ; crystal chemistry ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: AgPbOBr  -  a New Sillén Type? Preparation and Crystal StructureAgPbOBr was prepared for the first time. Its crystal structure was explored by single crystal X-ray diffraction. AgPbOBr crystallizes with tetragonal symmetry in space group P 4/nmm - No. 129 with a = 3.891(1) Å, c = 11.07(1) Å and two formulas per unit cell. Least squares refinement yields an weighted R-value of 0.065. AgPbOBr shows a layered structure with components of the crystal structure of red PbO as well as AgBr. Emphasized differences between the crystal structures of AgPbOBr and the X2-types after Sillén's notation [1] are characteristic. AgPbOBr is the first member of a new structure type, arranged between Sillén- and Aurivilliusphases [2].
    Notes: AgPbOBr wurde erstmalig dargestellt und die Kristallstruktur an Einkristallen aufgeklärt. Es kristallisiert tetragonal (Raumgruppe P4/nmm  -  No. 129) mit a = 3,891(1) Å, c = 11,07(1) Å und z = 2. Die Verfeinerung (LSQ) der Einkristallmessung liefert Rw = 0,065. AgPbOBr ist schichtförmig aufgebaut mit aus PbO und AgBr bestehenden Bereichen, die nahezu unverändert dem Bau von PbO und AgBr gleichen. Die Unterschiede zur Kristallstruktur der Sillén-Phasen vom X2-Typ [1] sind charakteristisch. AgPbOBr nimmt kristallchemisch eine Stellung zwischen den Sillén- und den Aurivillius-Phasen [2] (z. B. BiOCl und γ-Bi2 WO6) ein.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 603 (1991), S. 69-76 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Dicesium mercury(II) palladium(II) hexachloride ; preparation ; crystal structure ; group-subgroup relation ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation and Crystal Structure of Cs2HgPdCl6, a Distorted Variant of ChloroperovskitsCs2HgPdCl6 single crystals show tetragonal symmetry with the space group I 4/m m m (No. 139) with 2 formular units per unit cell. The lattice parameters are a = 7.432(4) Å, c = 10.874(7) Å. The atomic arrangement of Cs2HgPdCl6 is explored by X-ray crystal structure analysis. The important polyhedrons are square-planar PdCl4 groups and HgCl2 dumbbells. The PdCl4 group is completed by two further chlorine atoms to a elongated octahedron and four further chlorine atoms form with the HgCl2 dumbbell a compressed octahedron. The crystal structure of Cs2HgPdCl6 is compared with the arrangement in halogenoperovskits and in Rb2PdCl4 [3].
    Notes: Die Verbindung Cs2HgIIPdIICl6 läßt sich durch Festkörperreaktion phasenrein darstellen. Sie kristallisiert in der Raumgruppe I 4/m m m (No. 139) mit a = 7,432(4) Å, c = 10,874(7) Å, Z = 2. Die Kristallstruktur wurde mit röntgenographischen Methoden an Einkristallen ermittelt. Pd2+ ist quadratisch-planar und Hg2+ hantelförmig von Cl-umgeben. In zweiter Nachbarschaft ergänzen weitere Cl- zu gestreckten bzw. gestauchten Oktaedern. Dieses Bauprinzip entspricht dem Aufbau von Cs2AuIAuIIICl6 [1, 2]. Es besteht direkte kristallchemische Beziehung zur Kristallstruktur der Halogenoperowskite bzw. des K2PdCl4-Typs.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 620 (1994), S. 1229-1233 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Silver lead(II) oxyhalide ; synthesis ; crystal structures ; ionic conduction ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ag2Pb8O7Cl4, a New Member of Lead(II) Oxyhalides with SilverAg2Pb8O7Cl4 is one among other products of the thermal decomposition of AgPb4O4Cl. Ag2Pb8O7Cl4 can be prepared directly by heating the binary components within a temperature range from 590°C to 620°C. The crystal structure was solved by single crystal X-ray methods. The compound crystallizes monoclinic with a = 12.411(4) Å, b = 17.99(3) Å, c = 14.785(4) Å, β = 147.01(2)°, Z = 4 with the space group P21/c. Ag2Pb8O7Cl4 shows remarkable structural features, e.g. silver tetrahedrally surrounded by chlorine.
    Notes: Bei der thermischen Zersetzung von AgPb4O4Cl entsteht u. a. Ag2Pb8O7Cl4. Diese Verbindung läßt sich aus den binären Komponenten im Temperaturbereich 590°C bis 620°C rein darstellen. Die Struktur konnte mit Hilfe der Einkristallröntgenstrukturanalyse ermittelt werden. Ag2Pb8O7Cl4 kristallisiert in der monoklinen Raumgruppe P21/c, Z = 4 mit den Gitterkonstanten a = 12,411(4) Å, b = 17,99(3) Å, c = 14,785(4) Å, β = 147,01(2)°. Ag2Pb8O7Cl4 zeigt bemerkenswerte Struktureigenschaften wie tetraedrisch von Chlor umgebenes Silber.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 491 (1982), S. 191-198 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation and Crystal Structure of TlPb8O4Br9Analytical characterisation and crystal structure determination of TlPb8O4Br9 is reported. This compound is related with the “R-Phase” of the PbO/PbBr2-system. The difference between the reported compound and the “R-Phase” is shown, although their is accordance of the lattice constants. X-ray investigations yield the following crystallographic data: tetragonal system, space group P4/n (No 85), crystal axis a = 12.337, c = 8.214 Å. The crystal structure is described and the observation of the isolated structure group [Pb8O4]8+ is pointed out.
    Notes: Die Verbindung TlPb8O4Br9 wird analytisch charakterisiert und mit der sogenannten R-Phase des Systems PbO/PbBr2 verglichen. Die ermittelte Kristallstruktur wird vorgestellt und diskutiert. Bemerkenswert ist das Auftreten von diskreten Baugruppen [Pb8O4]8+, die untereinander durch eine Bromidionenumgebung abgeschirmt sind. Kristallographische Daten: Tetragonales Kristallsystem, Raumgruppe P4/n (No. 85), a = 12,337, c = 8,214 Å. Es wird ausgeführt, daß die für die R-Phase genannte Zusammensetzung trotz annähernd gleicher Metrik nicht für die vorliegende Verbindung zutreffen kann.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 482 (1981), S. 154-162 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Low-Tl3PbBr5, Preparation and Crystal StructureSingle crystals of the low temperature modification of Tl3PbBr5 were prepared below the upper stability border with 239°C. X-ray investigations yield the following crystallografic data: orthorhombic system, space group P212121, crystal axis a = 15.399, b = 9.063, c = 8.532 Å. The crystal structure is described in relation to the high temperature modification. Conductivity measurements aimed to demonstrate the diffusion of metal ions during phase transition.
    Notes: Die Tieftemperaturmodifikation von Tl3PbBr5 (Tu = 239°C) wurde in Einkristallen dargestellt und die Kristallstruktur ermittelt. Kristallographische Daten: Orthorhombisches Kristallsystem, Raumgruppe P212121, a = 15,399, b = 9,063, c = 8,532 Å. Die Kristallstruktur wird beschrieben und mit dem Aufbau der Hochtemperaturmodifikation verglichen. Mit Leitfähigkeitsmessungen konnte die bei der kristallographischen Umwandlung erforderliche Diffusion nachgewiesen werden. Die Bromidumgebung der Metallionen wird im Zusammenhang mit den Platzwechselvorgängen diskutiert.
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