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  • Nitrate reductase  (4)
  • Carbon monoxide  (3)
  • Hyp
  • twins
  • Springer  (11)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • Springer Nature
  • 1990-1994  (6)
  • 1980-1984  (5)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (11)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • Springer Nature
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolites of vitamin D in normal and X-linked hypophosphatemic mice (1984)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 36 (1984), S. 662-667 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Vitamin D ; Hyp ; X-linked hypophosphatemia ; Metabolic bone disease ; Mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Hyp mice are a model for human X-linked hypophosphatemia (vitamin D-resistant rickets.) To determine whether an abnormality of vitamin D metabolism exists in this disease, the profiles of the metabolites of vitamin D were determined in normal andHyp mouse plasma.Hyp and normal mice were fed a vitamin D-deficient diet and received 1,23H-vitamin D3 at 16 Ci/mmol by stomach tube at 5 ng/g body weight (0.21 µCi/g b.w.) on alternate days for 14 days. The dose of vitamin D given maintained near normal plasma 25-OH-vitamin D. Thus the mice were in a vitamin D-replete state with all metabolite pools labeled with3H. Plasma was collected from 4 normal and 4Hyp mice. The plasma was extracted, and the extracts were chromatographed separately for each mouse on an LH-20 column. Each major peak of radioactivity was rechromatographed using high performance liquid chromatography on a Zorbax-Sil column using solvent systems known to resolve several vitamin D metabolites. Twenty-one radioactive peaks were identified. The disintegrations per minute of3H in each peak were quantified and converted to plasma concentration using the known specific activity of the administered vitamin D. The 25-OH-vitamin D accounted for 55% of the circulating radioactivity, and 24,25-(OH)2-vitamin D accounted for 22%. The plasma levels of 24,25-(OH)2-vitamin D were similar to levels previously reported by us using protein binding assays. No peaks of radioactivity were missing in the plasma extracts of theHyp mice. Also there was no evidence that plasma 24,25-(OH)2-vitamin D was elevated in theHyp mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405387
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Normal milk composition in lactating X-linked hypophosphatemic mice despite continued hypophosphatemia (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 750-754 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: X-linked hypophosphatemia ; Hyp ; Milk ; Phosphate ; Rickets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Patients with X-linked hypophosphatemia and mice bearing theHyp gene have reduced renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate and an osteomalacic bone disease. To test if altered phosphate transport also exists in the mammary glands, milk was analyzed from normal (n=9) and heterozygousHyp (n=8) mice 14 days after giving birth. Inorganic phosphate, total phosphate, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium were measured; percent cream, fat, water, and nonfat organic solids were measured; and protein was measured. No significant differences (NSD) were found except for greater sodium inHyp milk. There was also NSD in litter weight. The lactatingHyp had a lower body weight and remained hypophosphatemic relative to lactating normals, but both groups had higher plasma phosphate than nonlactating controls of the same genotype. The data suggest thatHyp mice can accumulate a normal amount of phosphate in their milk despite the plasma phosphate being two-thirds of normal. These data, with other recent reports of different organ systems, suggest that the altered phosphate transport activity may be restricted to the kidney.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405118
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermophilic Bacilli growing with carbon monoxide (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 139 (1984), S. 402-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Carboxydotrophic bacteria ; Bacillus schlegelii ; Species description ; Autotrophic growth ; Thermophilic bacteria ; Carbon monoxide ; Carbon monoxide oxidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Four strains of obligately thermophilic Bacilli capable of growing with carbon monoxide as a sole carbon and energy source were isolated from settling ponds of a sugar factory. Most of them could be identified as strains of Bacillus schlegelii on the basis of cell wall composition, DNA homology menaquinone and DNA base content. Growth with CO was very fast (t d =3 h) and was optimal at 65°C. No growth occurred below 50°C. As with the mesophilic carboxydotrophs, hydrogen plus carbon dioxide could also serve as autotrophic substrates. Growth of the isolates with CO depended on the presence of molybdenum in the growth medium. This suggested CO oxidase in the newly isolated Bacilli being a molybdenum hydroxylase similar to the enzymes from the mesophilic carboxydotrophs. Some data characterizing the CO-oxidizing activity in extracts of the thermophilic isolates are also provided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408387
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Membrane-bound nitrite oxidoreductase of Nitrobacter: evidence for a nitrate reductase system (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 140 (1984), S. 153-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Nitrobacter hamburgensis ; Nitrite oxidoreductase ; Nitrate reductase ; Molybdenum iron-sulfur protein ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nitrite oxidoreductase, the essential enzyme complex of nitrite oxidizing membranes, was isolated from cells of the nitrifying bacterium Nitrobacter hamburgensis. The enzyme system was solubilized and purified in the presence of 0.25% sodium deoxycholate. Nitrite oxidoreductase oxidized nitrite to nitrate in the presence of ferricyanide. The pH optimum was 8.0, and the apparent K m value for nitrite amounted to 3.6 mM. With reduced methyl-and benzylviologen nitrite oxidoreductase exhibited nitrate reductase activity with an apparent K m value of 0.9 mM for nitrate. NADH was also a suitable electron donor for nitrate reduction. The pH optimum was 7.0. Treatment with SDS resulted in the dissociation into 3 subunits of 116,000, 65,000 and 32,000. The enzyme complex contained iron, molydbenum, sulfur and copper. A c-type cytochrome was present. Isolated nitrite oxidoreductase is a particle of 95±30 Å in diameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00454918
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cytochrome composition of carboxydotrophic bacteria (1983)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 135 (1983), S. 293-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Carbon monoxide ; Carboxydotrophic bacteria ; Cytochromes ; Electron transport ; CO insensitivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Spectroscopy at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures with extracts of the carbon monoxide-oxidizing bacteria Pseudomonas carboxydovorans, P. carboxydohydrogena, P. carboxydoflava, P. compransoris, Alcaligenes carboxydus, and Arthrobacter 11/x revealed the presence of normal electron transport systems, containing b-, c-, and a-type cytochromes at concentrations that compare to those of other aerobic bacteria. CO did not induce the formation of special CO-insensitive terminal oxidases. The gross composition of the respiratory chains was not affected by the type of growth substrate, and cytochrome d(=a2) was not detected. However, certain b-type cytochromes were only found when CO or H2 + CO2 served as growth substrates. All strains contained at least two different b-type cytochromes. Cytochrome b563 formed a weak CO-complex and was identified as a novel cytochrome o. It functions as CO-insensitive, alternative terminal oxidase in carboxydotrophic bacteria. A soluble CO-binding cytochrome c was present in P. carboxydovorans, P. carboxydohydrogena, and P. carboxydoflava. A CO-binding protoheme compound could be identified as catalase in P. compransoris, P. carboxydovorans, P. carboxydohydrogena, A. carboxydus, and Arthrobacter 11/x. The data are consistent with the presence of branched respiratory chains in the carboxydotrophs examined, and suggest the functioning of both, cytochrome a and the novel cytochrome o as terminal oxidases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00413484
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structural genes encoding CO dehydrogenase subunits (cox L, M and S) in Pseudomonas carboxydovorans OM5 reside on plasmid pHCG3 and are, with the exception of Streptomyces thermoautotrophicus, conserved in carboxydotrophic bacteria (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 157 (1992), S. 301-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Carbon monoxide ; CO ; Carboxydotrophic bacteria ; Plasmids ; CO Dehydrogenase ; Deoxyoligonucleotides ; Cox ; Pseudomonas carboxydovorans ; Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena ; Pseudomonas carboxydoflava ; Streptomyces thermoautotrophicus ; Pseudomonas thermocarboxydovorans ; Bacillus schlegelii ; Alcaligenes carboxydus ; Arthrobacter ; Azomonas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Employing deoxyoligonucleotide probes and Southern hybridizations, we have examined in carboxydotrophic bacteria the localization on the genome of genes encoding the large, medium and small subunits of CO dehydrogenase (coxL, M and S, respectively). In Pseudomonas carboxydovorans OM5 coxL, M and S were identified on the plasmid pHCG3; they were absent on the chromosome. This was evident from positive hybridizations with plasmid DNA of the wild-type strain OM5 and the absence of hybridizations with chromosomal DNA from the plasmid cured mutant strain OM5–12. The genes coxL, M and S were found on plasmids in all other plasmid-containing carboxydotrophic bacteria e.g. Alcaligenes carboxydus, Azomonas B1, Pseudomonas carboxydoflava, Pseudomonas carboxydovorans OM2 and OM4. Cox L, M and S could be identified on the chromosome of the plasmid-free bacteria Arthrobacter 11/x, Bacillus schlegelii, Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena, and Pseudomonas carboxydovorans OM3. These results essentially confirm and extend former reports that cox genes are rather conserved among carboxydotrophic bacteria of distinct taxonomic position. However, Streptomyces thermoautotrophicus is an noteworthy exception since none of the three cox genes could be detected. This refers to a new type of CO dehydrogenase and is in accord with results indicating that the S. thermoautotrophicus CO dehydrogenase has an unusual electron acceptor specificity and some other properties setting it apart from the ‘classical’ CO dehydrogenases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00245166
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analyzing twin resemblance in multisymptom data: Genetic applications of a latent class model for symptoms of conduct disorder in juvenile boys (1993)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 23 (1993), S. 5-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Adolescence ; age ; categorical data ; conduct disorder ; development ; etiological heterogeneity ; genotype × environment interaction ; latent class models ; major gene ; segregation analysis ; twins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract A model based on the latent class model is developed for the effects of genes and environment on multivariate categorical data in twins. The model captures many essential features of dimensional and categorical conceptions of complex behavioral phenotypes and can include, as special cases, a variety of major locus models including those that allow for etiological heterogeneity, differential sensitivity of latent classes to measured covariates, and genotype × environment interaction (G×E). Many features of the model are illustrated by an application to ratings on eight items relating to conduct disorder selected from the Rutter Parent Questionnaire (RPQ). Mothers rated their 8-to 16-year-old male twin offspring [174 monozygotic (MZ) and 164 dizygotic (DZ) pairs]. The impact of age on the frequency of reported symptoms was relatively slight. Preliminary latent class analysis suggests that four classes are required to explain the reported behavioral profiles of the individual twins. A more detailed analysis of the pairwise response profiles reveals a significant association between twins for membership of latent classes and that the association is greater in MZ than DZ twins, suggesting that genetic factors played a significant role in class membership. Further analysis shows that the frequencies of MZ pairs discordant for membership of some latent classes are close to zero, while others are definitely not zero. One possible explanation of this finding is that the items reflect underlying etiological heterogeneity, with some response profiles reflecting genetic categories and others revealing a latent environmental risk factor. We explore two “four-class” models for etiological heterogeneity which make different assumptions about the way in which genes and environment interact to produce complex disease phenotypes. The first model allows for genetic heterogeneity that is expressed only in individuals exposed to a high-risk (“predisposing”) environment. The second model allows the environment to differentiate two forms of the disorder in individuals of high genetic risk. The first model fits better than the second, but neither fits as well as the general model for four latent classes associated in twins. The results suggest that a single-locus/two-allele model cannot fit the data on these eight items even when we allow for etiological heterogeneity. The pattern of endorsement probabilities associated with each of the four classes precludes a simple “unidimensional” model for the latent process underlying variation in symptom profile in this population. The extension of the approach to larger pedigrees and to linkage analysis is briefly considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01067550
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Tnt1 tobacco retrotransposon insertion on target gene transcription (1991)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 228 (1991), S. 233-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Nicotiana tabacum ; Nitrate reductase ; Retrotransposon ; Transcription
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effects of Tntl retrotransposon insertion on nitrate reductase (NR) gene transcription have been analyzed in three NR-deficient insertional, mutants of Nicotiana tabacum. In the three mutants, named h9-Nia4, h9-Nia5 and h9-Nia6, Tnt1 was inserted into exon 3, exon 2 and exon 1 of the nia2 NR alloallelle, respectively. The mutants h9-Nia4 and h9-Nia6, which contained Tnt1 insertions that were oriented opposite to the direction of nia2 gene transcription, expressed chimaeric nia2-Tnt1 RNAs, respectively 12 kb and 10 kb long. The size observed in h9-Nia6 was close to the expected size for a full-length hybrid transcript starting and ending under the control of nia2 signals (about 9 kb). The larger transcript found in h9-Nia4 was shown to be due to a failure to splice the nia2 intron 2. The mutant h9-Nia5, which contained a Tntl insertion oriented in parallel with the direction of nia2 transcription expressed two truncated nia2-Tnt1 RNAs, 2 kb and 6.7 kb long. These transcripts arose from termination in the long terminal repeats (LTRs) of Tull. Since no full-length hybrid RNA was detected, we suggest that Tnt1 carries efficient termination signals, which are more efficiently recognized in the 3′ LTR than in the 5′ LTR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00282471
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interest in and limits to the utilization of reporter genes for the analysis of transcriptional regulation of nitrate reductase (1992)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 235 (1992), S. 259-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Nitrate reductase ; Reporter gene ; Nicotiana tabacum ; Nicotiana plumbaginifolia ; Transgenic plant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Reporter gene techniques and mutant analysis were used to identify the molecular basis of the regulation of the expression of nitrate reductase (NR) by nitrate and nitrate-, or ammonium-derived metabolites (N-metabolites), in the true diploïd species Nicotiana plumbaginifolia and in the amphidiploïd species Nicotiana tabacum. The N. plumbaginifolia mutant E23 results from the insertion of a Tnt1-like retrotransposon (Tnp2) in the first exon of the single-copy nia gene, which encodes nitrate reductase. One of the resulting transcripts ends in the 5′ LTR (long terminal repeat) sequence of this retrotransposon, and another one in the 3′ LTR. Nitrate and N-metabolites modulate the expression of these truncated transcripts, indicating that intron splicing and termination processes are not essential to these regulatory events. A GUS reporter sequence was transcriptionally linked to the promoter of the nia-1 gene of N. tabacum. This fusion was functional in transient expression assays done with protoplasts derived from mesophyll cells of N. tabacum. However none of the regulatory mechanisms known to affect steady-state levels of the nia-1 transcript were operative under these experimental conditions. Transgenic plants carrying either this fusion or translational fusions of GUS linked to the promoter of either the nia-1 or nia-2 gene of N. tabacum were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transfer. A low proportion of the transgenic plants (22 out of 105 independent transformants) expressed GUS activity although at a low level. Only 4 plants exhibited a detectable level of GUS mRNA. The concentration of this mRNA increased significantly in an NR-deficient background, indicating regulation by N-metabolites. Only 2 plants, however, showed regulation (induction) by nitrate. Attempts to use aux2 or nptII reporter sequences linked to either the nia-1 or nia-2 promoter as marker genes for the selection of regulatory mutants of the nitrate assimilation pathway were unsuccessful because of our inability to isolate transgenic plants in which these reporter genes were properly regulated by nitrate. The implications of these results are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279369
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and molecular characterization of dTnp1, a mobile and defective transposable element of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 242 (1994), S. 194-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Transposable element ; Nitrate reductase ; Nicotiana plumbaginifolia ; γ-Ray mutagenesis ; Nucleotide sequence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract By Northern blot analysis of nitrate reductase-deficient mutants of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia, we identified a mutant (mutant D65), obtained after γ-ray irradiation of protoplasts, which contained an insertion sequence in the nitrate reductase (NR) mRNA. This insertion sequence was localized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the first exon of NR and was also shown to be present in the NR gene. The mutant gene contained a 565 by insertion sequence that exhibits the sequence characteristics of a transposable element, which was thus named dTnp1. The dTnp1 element has 14 by terminal inverted repeats and is flanked by an 8-bp target site duplication generated upon transposition. These inverted repeats have significant sequence homology with those of other transposable elements. Judging by its size and the absence of a long open reading frame, dTnp1 appears to represent a defective, although mobile, transposable element. The octamer motif TTTAGGCC was found several times in direct orientation near the 5′ and 3′ ends of dTnp1 together with a perfect palindrome located after the 5′ inverted repeat. Southern blot analysis using an internal probe of dTnp1 suggested that this element occurs as a single copy in the genome of N. plumbaginifolia. It is also present in N. tabacum, but absent in tomato or petunia. The dTnp1 element is therefore of potential use for gene tagging in Nicotiana species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00391013
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