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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (120)
  • Cambridge University Press  (62)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • 1990-1994  (134)
  • 1980-1984  (78)
  • 1935-1939  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The illite ‘crystallinity’technique: a critical appraisal of its precision (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of metamorphic geology 8 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Analysis of the precision of the illite ‘crystallinity’technique shows that machine errors are 〈5%, while intra- and inter-sample errors are variable but are up to 12% and 14%, respectively (1σ). Consideration of this error analysis shows that the isocryst approach, which involves close contouring (e.g. 0.03 Δ2°) of illite ‘crystallinity’data, has a very low degree of confidence (〈0.5) and thus is not regarded as statistically valid. If contouring is to be undertaken with a high degree of confidence (〉0.8) it is necessary that contours should be at intervals of 0.1 ΔΘ2°, which is equivalent to subdivision of the anchizone into upper and lower units. Where previous interpretations have relied upon an isocryst method of contouring at less than 0.1 ΔΘ2° the conclusions must be regarded as unsubstantiated.Centrifuge separation of clay fractions (based on a Stokes’law application) gives separations in which a significant, but variable, percentage of grains have long axes greater than the size calculated. For the typical 〈2-μm fraction utilized, some 20% of grains lie in the 2–4-μm range, although the proportion is not believed to have a significant effect upon ‘crystallinity’values. The formula is applicable for grain-sizes down to 0.5 μm. Illite ‘crystallinity’values on samples prepared by an ultrasonic disaggregation method show a small increase on those prepared by ball mill crushing. The differences are minimal at the epi/anchizone level but increase to some 10% at the anchizone/diagenetic level. The effect on grade determinations is again thought to be minimal and indicates that concern over unsuitability of the ultrasonic disaggregation method is unfounded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1314.1990.tb00476.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of metamorphic geology 8 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1314.1990.tb00470.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compositional variations in mafic phyllosilicates from regional low-grade metabasites and application of the chlorite geothermometer (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of metamorphic geology 9 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Mafic phyllosilicates in metabasites affected by low-grade regional metamorphism from Wales and eastern North Greenland show variations in their structure and chemistry. These variations are related to four mineral zones in these metabasites, which are recognized on the presence/absence of various key calc-silicate minerals and also actinolite. Zones 1 and 2 equate with the zeolite facies, zone 3 with the prehnite–pumpellyite facies (or prehnite–actinolite facies in rocks with appropriate bulk rock composition) and zone 4 with the greenschist facies. Whilst variations in Fe/(Fe + Mg) in chlorite correlate closely with Fe/(Fe + Mg) ratios in the whole-rock, other chemical variations are clearly unrelated to whole-rock compositions. Contents of Aliv are seen to increase systematically in samples from zone 1 through to zone 4, which relate to an increase in temperature. Calibration of alteration temperatures, calculated using the chlorite geothermometer (based on Aliv contents) developed for meta-andesites in the Los Azufres geothermal system (Mexico), against x values (an estimate of the proportion of chlorite to swelling component in the mafic phyllosilicates) shows a decrease in the swelling component in passing from zone 1 to zone 4, i.e. with an increase in temperature. Calculated temperatures compare favourably with published stability estimates for the various key calc-silicates and actinolite. These data indicate that the chlorite geothermometer, although developed for meta-andesites from a hydrothermal system, does show a correlation with temperatures estimated from calc-silicate assemblages in metabasites affected by low-grade metamorphism developed on a regional scale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1314.1991.tb00560.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variscan very low-grade metamorphism in southwest England: a diastathermal and thrust-related origin (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of metamorphic geology 9 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Regional metamorphism in the external Variscides of southwest England varied from diagenetic level to greenschist facies. There is a fundamental difference in the metamorphic character between the northern and southern regions of the area. In the north, M1 metamorphism is of a sedimentary burial character associated with high heat flow, whilst to the south it is related to tectonic burial during thrust thickening processes, with lower geothermal gradients. This pattern appears to be related to the character of basin development and its subsequent tectonic evolution. The northern region has features that accord with a diastathermal (extensional) origin for the very low-grade metamorphism whilst in the southern region the very low-grade metamorphism is linked to thrusting as a consequence of Variscan compression. The Tintagel High-Strain Zone presents an anomaly in this regional pattern where an M2 metamorphic phase is attributed to localized D2 thrust stacking along the southern margin of the Culm Basin.There is no extensive overprint of the regional metamorphic pattern by the contact aureoles surrounding the granite plutons of the region. However, there is a noticeable coincidence between the areas of regional epizone grade and the extent of the geophysically defined subsurface limit of the granite batholith (excluding the North Devon area). This link is attributed largely to the late-stage structural up-doming of the higher grade areas over the roof of the batholith.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1314.1991.tb00563.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodiversity Resources for Restoration Ecology (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Restoration ecology 2 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1526-100X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Biological resources can be more usefully incorporated into many aspects of restoration ecology. During the planning and design stage, the wide genotypic variation in natural plant populations must be recognized and exploited. This will ensure that genotypes used on a site are best adapted to local conditions and have a greater probability of survivorship than arbitrarily chosen material. Also, certain unusual genotypes can be located using the principles of evolutionary ecology and can be installed in areas with extreme conditions, such as soils contaminated with heavy metals, in areas where rapid colonizing ability (high seed set and/or clonal growth) is particularly advantageous, or where soils are of poor quality. Similarly, where high herbivore pressure is a threat to restoration, genotypes that are well defended, chemically or mechanically, against animal enemies should be selected to initiate the restoration process. The nursery industry can be encouraged to supply an ecologically wider selection of material for restoration, originating from local biological reserves and natural habitats. During the management phase of a restoration, local natural habitats are critical as reservoirs of biological control agents, seed sources for plant species, and members of higher trophic levels and additional plant species needed during succession. Mutualists such as pollinators, seed dispersers, and mycorrhizal fungi are vital to the success of a restoration project, and these must invade from nearby natural habitats or must be deliberately introduced. During the evaluation phase of restoration, local natural areas should be used as templates of community composition and structure from which one measures success. A functioning restoration project will interact biologically with surrounding areas, the exchange of species and genes being particularly important. Analysis of the microbial and invertebrate communities that have invaded the installed plant community may be useful and accurate determinants of ecological function. For these latter stages of the restoration process, the value of preserving local habitat remnants is high and complements their usefulness as a source of ecologically precise material for installation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.1994.tb00055.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geosmin As an Odorous Metabolite In Cultures of A Free-Living Amoeba, Vannella Species (Gymnamoebia, Vannellidae) (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 38 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Geosim was identified as the cause of a distinct earthy/grassy odour detected in cultures of a free-living amoeba, Vannella species. Volatile components of cell lysates were isolated and concentrated by the Closed Loop Stripping method. Capillary, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to identify odorous compounds. Bacterial symbionts observed in the cytoplasm of the amoebae may be responsible for production of the geosmin. This appears to be the first report of odorous compounds associated with a free-living protozoan and suggests that in some circumstances, Vannella sp. may contribute to taste and odour problems in drinking water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1991.tb04798.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discontinuous Genetic Variation Among Mesophilic Naegleria Isolates: Further Evidence that N. gruberi Is Not a Single Species (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 39 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Naegleria isolates which are currently placed in the type species N. gruberi display great genetic, physiological and morphological heterogeneity. There are two possible interpretations of the nature of this species–that N. gruberi is a species complex or that it is a single continuously variable species. To distinguish between these alternatives, allelic states were determined for 33 loci in 74 new isolates selected to represent wide geographic sources and diverse temperature limits for growth. The results were compared with data for culture collection strains of N. gruberi and other species in the genus. The isolates formed a discontinuous series of clusters, separated by genetic distances similar to those separating the better-characterised taxa N. fowleri, N. lovaniensis, N. jadini, N. australiensis australiensis and N. australiensis italica. Culture collection strains assigned to N. gruberi fell into six distinct clusters, while other clusters were not represented by reference strains. The data are most consistent with the interpretation that N. gruberi is a group of several distinct species, each equivalent to the recently described species in the genus. Naegleria andersoni andersoni and N. andersoni jamiesoni also formed two distinct clusters, equivalent to species. Characteristic temperature limits for growth show that the mesophilic species are ecological as well as genetic entities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1992.tb04452.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low Genetic Diversity In Willaertia Magna From Wide Geographical Sources, and Characterisation of Willaertia Minor N. Sp. (Heterolobosea, Vahlkampfidae) (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 40 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . Twelve isolates assigned to Willaertia magna by morphological and physiological criteria, including the type material, were characterised at 23 enzyme-encoding loci. Isolates from Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, England, France, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Madagascar and Papua New Guinea showed fixed alleles at 18 loci and polymorphism at Acp, Lap, Me, 6Pgd and Pgm 1. the maximum difference in pairwise comparisons was 8.7%, consistent with intra-specific variation in the related genus Naegleria. an additional isolate, assigned to Willaertia by features of its flagellate and cyst stages, represents a new species. Willaertia minor n. sp. shares alleles with W. magna at only three loci, has a maximum growth temperature of 38°C and is significantly smaller in all stages than W. magna. Flagellates appear to divide only once and fail to replace the lost flagella, producing biflagellate daughter cells. Cysts and trophozoites are more readily mistaken for Naegleria, but lack perinuclear granules, as do the mature cysts of W. magna.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1993.tb04919.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The impact of cultivation practice and wheelings on runoff generation and soil erosion on the South Downs: some experimental results using simulated rainfall (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 8 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. The quantitative effects of different cultivation practices and wheelings on the generation of runoff and soil loss on the South Downs were assessed experimentally with a small drip-type rainfall simulator and rainfall intensities of 42.5 and 23.3 mm/h. Runoff volumes generated by different cultivation practices and between wheeled and non-wheeled areas were significantly different. Amounts of soil lost from different cultivation treatments and from wheelings were less consistent. Less runoff and erosion occurred from shallow cultivated land than from conventionally ploughed and cultivated land. Runoff is further increased by rolling ploughed land after drilling and along tramlines compressed by wheelings. Under high intensity rainfall, considerable runoff can be generated from stubble, especially from wheeled areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1992.tb00913.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Fall in the Savings Ratio: the Role of Housing (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fiscal studies 11 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-5890
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-5890.1990.tb00126.x
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