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  • 1990-1994  (3)
  • 1985-1989  (3)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In dieser Arbeit werden Sr, Nd und Pb Isotopendaten transitionaler Basalt-peralkalischer Rhyolithabfolgen und räumlich mit diesen assoziierter kalkalkalischer Rhyolithe der D' Entrecasteaux Inseln im östlichen Papua Neuguinea vorgestellt. Beide Abfolgen zeigen für konvergiernde Plattenränder typische geochemische Signaturen (z.B. hohe Zr/Nb, La/Nb und niedrige Ta/Yb Verhältnisse im Vergleich mit OIB). Die transitionale Basalt-peralkalische Rhyolithabfolge und die kalkalkalischen Rhyolithe zeigen eine geringe Variation in ihren206Pb/204Pb (18.522–18.661),207/204Pb (15.543–15.631) und208Pb/204Pb (38.31–38.63) Verhältnissen, die mit denen von Vulkaniten aus Tonga, Fiji und den pazifischen MOR-Basalten und Sedimenten übereinstimmen. Die transitionale Basalt-peralkalische Rhyolithabfolge zeigt weiters eine geringe Variationsbreite der143Nd/144Nd Verhältnisse (0.513053–0.512984), aber eine größere Streuung der87Sr/86Sr Verhältnisse (0.703989–0.70585). Letztere reflektiern die Unsicherheiten der Alterseinstufung der Proben mit sehr hohen87Rb/86Sr Verhältnissen und die Effekte des Sr-Austausches mit Meerwasser. Die87Sr/86Sr Verhältnisse kalkalkalischer Rhyolithe variieren im Vergleich dazu gerigfügiger (0.703864–0.704028). Isotopen und Spurenelementdaten sind mit der Interpretation, daß die kalkalkalischen Rhyolithe durch partielle Anatexis junger Inselbogen-Protkruste entstanden sind, kompatibel. Die mit ihnen vergesellschafteten basischen bis intermediären klakalkalischen Magmen entstammen einer abgereicherten Mantelquelle, die zuvor durch Subduktionsprozesse entlang des Trobriandgrabens modifiziert wurde. Die transitionale Basalt-peralkalische Rhyolithabfolge entstand durch extensive magmatische Differentiation eines transitionalen basaltischen Stammagmas in einer relativ seicht liegenden Magmenkammer. Das Stammagma wurde durch partielle Aufschmelzung entweder eines abgereicherten MORB-Mantels oder einer weniger stark abgereicherten OIBQuelle, die zuvor durch Subduktionsprozesse modifiziert wurde, gebildet. Die Hyund O1-normativen transitionalen Basaltmagmen wurden wahrscheinlich im Zuge der Ausdünnung von Lithosphäre unter etwas höheren Drucken gebildet als die Quarznormativen kalkalkaischen Magmen. Die enge räumliche und zeitliche Beziehung der transitionalen Basalt-peralkalischen Rhyolithabfolge mit kalkalkalischen Vulkaniten spiegelt die komplexen und dynamischen geotektonischen Vorgänge im östlichen Papua Neuguinea wieder. Der Wechsel von kalkalkalischem zu alkalischem Magmatismus könnte durch die Umstellung von Kompressions- auf Extensionstektonik, die mit der Verlagerung des westlich gelegenen Woodlark Spreadingzenrums in das östliche Papua Neugiunea in Beziehung gebracht wird, erklärt werden.
    Notes: Summary Sr, Nd and Pb isotope data are presented for a transitional basalt-peralkaline rhyolite suite, and spatially associated calc-alkaline rhyolites from the D'Entrecasteaux Islands, eastern Papua New Guinea. Both suites have a typical convergent margin geochemical signature (i.e. high Zr/Nb, La/Nb, and low Ta/Yb compared with OIB). The transitional basalt-peralkaline rhyolite suite and calc-alkaline rhyolites have a restricted range of206Pb/204Pb (18.522–18.661),207Pb/204Pb (15.543–15.631), and208Pb/204Pb (38.31–38.63) values which overlap the fields of volcanics from Tonga, Fiji, and Pacific MORB and sediments. The transitional basalt-peralkaline rhyolite suite also displays a restricted range of143Nd/144Nd values (0.513053–0.512984), but a much broader range of87Sr/86Sr (0.703989–0.70585) values. The latter reflects uncertainties in the ages of samples with very high87Rb/86Sr values and the effects of Sr exchange with seawater. The calc-alkaline rhyolites have consistently lower143Nd/144Nd values (0.512923—0.512867), and a more restricted range of87Sr/86Sr values (0.703864–0.704028) compared with the transitional basalt-peralkaline rhyolite suite. The isotopic and trace element data are consistent with the interpretation that the calc-alkaline rhyolites were produced by partial melting of a young arc protocrust, whereas associated calc-alkaline basic and intermediate magmas were derived from a depleted mantle source which previously had been modified by subduction along the Trobriand Trough. The transitional basalt-peralkaline rhyolite suite was produced by extensive magmatic differentiation of a parental transitional basalt magma in a relatively shallow magma chamber. The parent magma was produced by partial melting of either a depleted MORB-source mantle or a less-depleted OIB-type source which previously had been modified by subduction processes. The hy- and ol-normative transitional basalt magmas were probably generated in response to lithospheric thinning at somewhat higher pressures than qz-normative calc-alkaline magmas. The close spatial and temporal relationship between the transitional basalt-peralkaline rhyolite suite and the tale-alkaline volcanics reflects the complex and dynamic tectonic setting of eastern Papua and the D'Entrecasteaux Islands. In particular, the change from calc-alkaline to alkaline magmatism appears to have occurred following a change from compressional to extensional tectonics resulting from the westward propogation of the Woodlark spreading ridge into eastern Papua.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of volcanology 50 (1988), S. 139-147 
    ISSN: 1432-0819
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The Rumble seamounts are major Quaternary submarine volcanoes which lie at the southern end of the Tonga-Kermadec island arc. Rocks dredged from three of the volcanoes are olivine and pyroxene phyric basalts and highly por-phyritic plagioclase-rich basaltic andesites. Plagioclase phenocrysts display patterns of iron enrichment similar to those observed in rocks from other parts of the arc. Systematic major and trace element variations indicate that the specimens constitute a closely related suite of low-K arc-type rocks showing characteristic depletion in some large ion lithophile elements. They are closely comparable to basaltic rocks of the Kermadec Islands and their genesis may be linked to the currently active subduction system beneath the arc.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1992-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0016-7649
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1988-05-01
    Description: Mount Dromedary pluton is one of several predominantly monzonite plutons and smaller intrusive bodies which constitute the Dromedary igneous complex in southeastern New South Wales. The pluton exhibits a striking arrangement of petrographically, but not always chemically, distinct zones ranging from mafic monzonite at the outside to quartz monzonite in the centre. The rocks display a mineralogical and geochemical integrity which indicates a consanguineous relationship. Minor compositional discontinuities between zones, together with observed and inferred minor intrusive zone boundaries, suggest that each zone has to some extent evolved independently. Negative Eu anomalies in REE abundance patterns show that some of the zones have been affected by fractionation of feldspar, but complementary accumulates are not found at the present levels of exposure. The pattern of zoning can be explained by a process of shallow fractional crystallization in which variations within zones are the result of lateral accretion of alkali feldspar as well as settling and/or lateral accretion of mafic phases at lower levels in the intrusion and upward displacement of fractionated magma. The parental magma of the pluton probaby originated by partial melting of an alkali basalt composition with an amphibolite mineralogy at the base of the crust.
    Print ISSN: 0016-7568
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5081
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1988-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0258-8900
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0819
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 6
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