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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (12)
  • Mice
  • 1990-1994  (9)
  • 1985-1989  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and mechanism of urethane reactions: Phenyl isocyanate-alcohol systems (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 2543-2559 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Urethane reactions of phenyl isocyanate alcohol systems with toluene as solvent and various aprotic polar solvents (including tertiary amines) as additives were carried out at constant temperature of 10-40°C. Analysis of the variation of the second order rate constants of these systems and those available in the literature indicates that formation of the hydrogen bonding complexes (alcohol with phenyl isocyanate and with aprotic solvent) and electron donor number (DN) of the aprotic solvent are the two factors allowing satisfactory explanation of the catalysis and inhibition effects of the wide range of aprotic solvents (including amines, amides, etc.). Based on these considerations, an ion-pair mechanism and the resulting kinetic equation for the urethane reaction are proposed. Verification on the kinetic equation with experimental results for the systems of phenyl isocyanate with alcohol in toluene (for the self catalysis of the alcohol), with dimethyl formamide and dimethyl sulfoxide in toluene (for the catalysis of the aprotic solvents), and with triethylamine in toluene (for the catalysis of the tertiary amines) shows satisfactory. In the mechanism, the aprotic solvent is considered to solvate the complex of phenyl isocyanate/alcohol at the active hydrogen to form an ion-pair which can undergo the urethane reaction more easily.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080250919
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization kinetics of polysilazane by transition metal catalyzed dehydrocoupling reaction (1988)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 26 (1988), S. 103-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1988.140260208
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iron nitride/boron nitride magnetic nanocomposite powders (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 6 (1994), S. 291-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19940060406
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fundamental relationship between the nonequilibrium glassy state and yield stress of amorphous polymers (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 25 (1987), S. 137-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: This paper reports the theoretical prediction and experimental verification of the connection between the yield stress of amorphous polymers and the physical aging phenomenon. The analysis reveals the existence of a fundamental relationship between the nonequilibrium glassy state and the thermally activated process controlling viscoelastic and plastic deformation. The results show that the volume relaxation and deformation kinetics share the same relaxation times, and that the activation energy for deformation below Tg is much smaller than previously mentioned in the literature. This indicates that the phenomenon of physical aging plays a very important role in the deformation and processing of polymers at low temperatures. The effect of quenching and annealing on the yield stress is described in terms of the mean energy of hole formation, the departure of volume from its equilibrium state, the distribution of hole energies, and lattice volume. The same set of molecular parameters obtained from the molecular kinetic theory of the glass transition and volume relaxation predicts the yield stress as a function of cooling rate, annealing time, temperature, and strain rate.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1987.090250110
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Homogeneous dispersion of nanostructured aluminum nitride in a polyimide matrixThe authors wish to express their thanks for partial support by the Connecticut Advanced Technology Center. Thanks are also due to Mr. Fred Massicotte for his assistance in the particle size analysis. (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 6 (1994), S. 481-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19940060608
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The periapical tissue reactions to a calcium phosphate cement in the teeth of monkeys (1991)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 25 (1991), S. 485-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A calcium phosphate cement, Grossman sealer, and Sargenti N2 were compared under conditions where root canals of monkey incisors were deliberately overfilled and the apical tissue responses were evaluated histologically. The periapical tissues exposed to Sargenti N2 revealed severe irritation at all times through the 6-month experimental period. The reactions to Grossman sealer were milder but persisted throughout the observation period. The calcium-phosphate-cement treated animals showed mild tissue irritation after 1 month, but thereafter the adverse tissue reactions were minimal. New bone formation adjacent to the cement was also observed. These results point to the possibility that calcium phosphate cement might be used in simplified endodontic procedures. The compatibility of calcium phosphate cement with the periapical tissue suggests that the cement may have other applications in dentistry and medicine.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820250406
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical properties of a sprinkler water spray (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 17 (1993), S. 279-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper reports an experimental study on the physical properties of a sprinkler water spray. The mass flux density, shape of spray pattern, size distribution and velocity of water droplets discharged from two types of 15 mm orifice sprinkler heads were measured. Three operating flow conditions of the sprinkler system, including one specified for the Ordinary Hazard class under the LPC rules for sprinkler design, were set. The sprinkler head was installed above finished floor levels of either 2 m or 2.2 m. The median droplet size was found to be related to the water pressure and the orifice diameter of the sprinkler head as proposed by Dundas. The droplet size distribution function can be fitted by a Rosin-Rammler function.
    Additional Material: 25 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810170605
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simulation of sprinkler - hot layer interaction using a field model (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 18 (1994), S. 359-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper reports a study of the interaction of a sprinkler water spray with the fire-induced hot layer using the field modelling technique. Data obtained in the large test room of the recent Swedish experiments reported by Ingason and Olsson (1992) are used to validate the results. The problem is divided into a gas phase and a liquid phase. For the gas phase, the set of conservation equations for mass, momentum and enthalpy of air flow induced by the fire is solved numerically using the Pressure Implicit Splitting Operator (PISO) algorithm. For the liquid phase, the sprinkler water spray is described by a number of droplets with initial velocity and diameter calculated by empirical expressions for the nozzle at different operating water pressures and flow rates. The trajectory of each droplet is calculated by solving the equation of motions, by including the dragging and heat transfer with the hot layer. The water droplet is assumed to be non-evaporating and only the source terms in the gas momentum and enthalpy equations of the air flow included the interaction effects with water droplets, i.e. the ‘Particle-Source-in-Cell’ method. The predicted results include the gas flow, temperature and smoke concentration field; the shape of the water spray; and some relevant macroscopic parameters such as amount of convective cooling, drag-to-buoyancy ratio, etc. The average smoke layer temperature and the smoke layer interface height are also calculated. The effect of the mean droplet size on those parameters is illustrated. Finally, a comparison of the water density received at floor level in cases with and without the fire is made.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810180604
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical measurement of smoke (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 16 (1992), S. 135-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The optical density of smoke liberated by burning seven samples of materials and six commercial plastic products was studied using different light sources in a modified NBS smoke chamber. Materials included plywood, PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate), PF (phenolformaldehyde), PE (polythene), PC (polycarbonate), PP (polypropene) and POM (acetal). The plastic products were a polyvinylchloride pipe, an unplasticized polyvinylchloride pipe, a telephone casing, an insulator, an electrical fitting and floor tiles. Light sources used were a helium-neon laser, a mercury lamp, a sodium lamp and a tungsten filament lamp. The errors in optical measurement of smoke due to a forward-scattering effect and the frequency of light beam were investigated.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810160305
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Smoke development and engineering aspects of smoke-extraction systems for atria in Hong Kong (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 17 (1993), S. 71-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The smoke-filling process in an atrium is studied in this paper using the plume equation of Thomas et al. A time constant is proposed to describe the smoke-filling time of the atrium space. This parameter is recommended to be used as a guideline for local projects in determining whether a smoke-extraction system has to be installed. Finally, the engineering aspects to be noted in designing smoke-extraction systems for an atrium space are introduced.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810170204
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