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  • 1
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    Density measurements in an expanding flow using holographic interferometry (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer (ISSN 0887-8722); 7; 2; p. 261-268.
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Large volume water sprays for dispersing warm fogs (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A new method for dispersing of warm fogs which impede visibility and alter schedules is described. The method uses large volume recycled water sprays to create curtains of falling drops through which the fog is processed by the ambient wind and spray-induced air flow; the fog droplets are removed by coalescence/rainout. The efficiency of this fog droplet removal process depends on the size spectra of the spray drops and optimum spray drop size is calculated as between 0.3-1.0 mm in diameter. Water spray tests were conducted in order to determine the drop size spectra and temperature response of sprays produced by commercially available fire-fighting nozzles, and nozzle array tests were utilized to study air flow patterns and the thermal properties of the overall system. The initial test data reveal that the fog-dispersal procedure is effective.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Laminar flow integration: Flight tests status and plans (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Under the Aircraft Energy Efficiency - Laminar Flow Control Program, there are currently three flight test programs under way to address critical issues concerning laminar flow technology application to commercial transports. The Leading-Edge Flight Test (LEFT) with a JetStar aircraft is a cooperative effort with the Ames/Dryden Flight Research Facility to provide operational experience with candidate leading-edge systems representative of those that might be used on a future transport. In the Variable Sweep Transition Flight Experiment (VSTFE), also a cooperative effort between Langley and Ames/Dryden, basic transition data on an F-14 wing with variable sweep will be obtained to provide a data base for laminar flow wing design. Finally, under contract to the Boeing Company, the acoustic environment on the wing of a 757 aircraft will be measured and the influence of engine noise on laminar flow determined with a natural laminar flow glove on the wing. The status and plans for these programs are reported.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Langley Symposium on Aerodynamics, Volume 1; p 485-518
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Effects of Wing Sweep on Boundary-layer Transition for a Smooth F-14A Wing at Mach Numbers from 0.700 to 0.825 (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The results are discussed of the variable sweep transition flight experiment (VSTFE). The VSTFE was a natural laminar flow experiment flown on the swing wing F-14A aircraft. The main objective of the VSTFE was to determine the effects of wing sweep on boundary layer transition at conditions representative of transport aircraft. The experiment included the flight testing of two laminar flow wing gloves. Glove 1 was a cleanup of the existing F-14A wing. Glove 2, not discussed herein, was designed to provide favorable pressure distributions for natural laminar flow at Mach number (M) 0.700. The transition locations presented for glove 1 were determined primarily by using hot film sensors. Boundary layer rake data was provided as a supplement. Transition data were obtained for leading edge wing sweeps of 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 degs, with Mach numbers ranging from 0.700 to 0.825, and altitudes ranging from 10,000 to 35,000 ft. Results show that a substantial amount of laminar flow was maintained at all the wing sweeps evaluated. The maximum transition Reynolds number of 13.7 x 10(exp 6) was obtained for the condition of 15 deg of sweep, M = 0.800, and an altitude of 20,000 ft.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-101712 , H-1531 , NAS 1.15:101712
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Density measurements in an expanding flow using holographic interferometry (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A nonequilibrium expansion of nitrogen through a 2-dimensional nozzle of a reflected shock tunnel is investigated with laser holography, time resolved pressure measurements and emission spectroscopy to characterize the flow field for vibrational relaxation measurements. A 2D computation is used to simulate the nozzle flow field. Synthetic holograms are generated using the computed density profiles and are compared with the experimental holograms. Also, using a quasi 1-D approximation, populations for each vibrational level are computed by (1) solving the master equations and (2) using the Landau-Teller formulation. Computational accuracy of both models is assessed against the experimental data.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 92-0809
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    In-flight investigation of shuttle tile pressure orifice installations (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: To determine shuttle orbiter wing loads during ascent, wing load instrumentation was added to Columbia (OV-102). This instrumentation included strain gages and pressure orifices on the wing. The loads derived from wing pressure measurements taken during STS 61-C did not agree with those derived from strain gage measurements or with the loads predicted from the aerodynamic database. Anomalies in the surface immediately surrounding the pressure orifices in the thermal protection system (TPS) tiles were one possible cause of errors in the loads derived from wing pressure measurements. These surface anomalies were caused by a ceramic filler material which was installed around the pressure tubing. The filler material allowed slight movement of the TPS tile and pressure tube as the airframe flexed and bent under aerodynamic loads during ascent and descent. Postflight inspection revealed that this filler material had protruded from or receeded beneath the surface, causing the orifice to lose its flushness. Flight tests were conducted at NASA Ames Research Center Dryden Flight Research Facility to determine the effects of any anomaly in surface flushness of the orifice installation on the measured pressures at Mach numbers between 0.6 and 1.4. An F-104 aircraft with a flight test fixture mounted beneath the fuselage was used for these flights. Surface flushness anomalies typical of those on the orbiter after flight (STA 61-C) were tested. Also, cases with excessive protrusion and recession of the filler material were tested. This report shows that the anomalies in STS 61-C orifice installations adversely affected the pressure measurements. But the magnitude of the affect was not great enough to account for the discrepancies with the strain gage measurements and the aerodynamic predictions.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-4219 , H-1575 , NAS 1.15:4219
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Techniques used in the F-14 variable-sweep transition flight experiment (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This paper discusses and evaluates the test measurement techniques used to determine the laminar-to-turbulent boundary layer transition location in the F-14 variable-sweep transition flight experiment (VSTFE). The main objective of the VSTFE was to determine the effects of wing sweep on the laminar-to-turbulent transition location at conditions representative of transport aircraft. Four methods were used to determine the transition location: (1) a hot-film anemometer system; (2) two boundary-layer rakes; (3) surface pitot tubes; and (4) liquid crystals for flow visualization. Of the four methods, the hot-film anemometer system was the most reliable indicator of transition.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-100444 , H-1461 , NAS 1.15:100444 , AIAA PAPER 88-2110
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Effects of Wing Sweep on In-flight Boundary-layer Transition for a Laminar Flow Wing at Mach Numbers from 0.60 to 0.79 (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The variable sweep transition flight experiment (VSTFE) was conducted on an F-14A variable sweep wing fighter to examine the effect of wing sweep on natural boundary layer transition. Nearly full span upper surface gloves, extending to 60 percent chord, were attached to the F-14 aircraft's wings. The results are presented of the glove 2 flight tests. Glove 2 had an airfoil shape designed for natural laminar flow at a wing sweep of 20 deg. Sample pressure distributions and transition locations are presented with the complete results tabulated in a database. Data were obtained at wing sweeps of 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 deg, at Mach numbers ranging from 0.60 to 0.79, and at altitudes ranging from 10,000 to 35,000 ft. Results show that a substantial amount of laminar flow was maintained at all the wing sweeps evaluated. The maximum transition Reynolds number obtained was 18.6 x 10(exp 6) at 15 deg of wing sweep, Mach 0.75, and at an altitude of 10,000 ft.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-101701 , H-1565 , NAS 1.15:101701
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  • 9
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    Visualization of Secondary Flow Development in High Aspect Ratio Channels with Curvature (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The results of an experimental project to visually examine the secondary flow structure that develops in curved, high aspect-ratio rectangular channels are presented. The results provide insight into the fluid dynamics within high aspect ratio channels. A water flow test rig constructed out of plexiglass, with an adjustable aspect ratio, was used for these experiments. Results were obtained for a channel geometry with a hydraulic diameter of 10.6 mm (0.417 in.), an aspect ratio of 5.0, and a hydraulic radius to curvature radius ratio of 0.0417. Flow conditions were varied to achieve Reynolds numbers up to 5,100. A new particle imaging velocimetry technique was developed which could resolve velocity information from particles entering and leaving the field of view. Time averaged secondary flow velocity vectors, obtained using this velocimetry technique, are presented for 30 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees into a 180 degrees bend and at a Reynolds number of 5,100. The secondary flow results suggest the coexistence of both the classical curvature induced vortex pair flow structure and the eddies seen in straight turbulent channel flow.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-106658 , E-8972 , NAS 1.15:106658 , AIAA PAPER 94-2979 , Joint Propulsion Conference; Jun 27, 1994 - Jun 29, 1994; Indianapolis, IN; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Computational fluid dynamics for propulsion technology: Geometric grid visualization in CFD-based propulsion technology research (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The coordination is examined of necessary resources, facilities, and special personnel to provide technical integration activities in the area of computational fluid dynamics applied to propulsion technology. Involved is the coordination of CFD activities between government, industry, and universities. Current geometry modeling, grid generation, and graphical methods are established to use in the analysis of CFD design methodologies.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NAS 1.26:184327 , CCFD-92-01 , NASA-CR-184327
    Format: application/pdf
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