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  • Springer  (37)
  • Institute of Physics  (5)
  • 1990-1994  (18)
  • 1985-1989  (24)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strukturelle Abwandlungen an N-Acetylneuraminsäuren, 8 Synthese von 7-, 8-, 9-Desoxy- und 4,7-Didesoxyneuraminsäure (1988)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 119 (1988), S. 127-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Deoxygenation of sialic acids ; Xanthogenates of sialic acids ; Reaction of side chain deoxy-iodo sialic acids with tributyltinhydride ; Reaction of xanthogenates of sialic acids derivatives with tributyltinhydride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The 7- and 8-Iodnonulosonic acid derivatives1 and2 react with tributyltinhydride-AIBN to the 7- and 8-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid derivatives3 a and4 a which after hydrolysis give the 7-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid3 b (5-N-acetamido-3,5,7-trideoxy-β-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosidonic acid=7-Deoxy-Neu5Ac) and 8-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid4 b (5-N-acetamido-3,5,8-trideoxy-β-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosidonic acid=8-Deoxy-Neu5Ac). The 4,8,9-tris-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)-N-acetylneuraminic acid derivative5 a yields after transformation to the 7-O-acetyl compound5 b and partial removing of the protecting groups the derivative5 c. Further reaction with theMitsunobu-reagent and methyliodide affords the 9-Iodocompound6 a which turned to the 8-O-acetylderivative6 b. Subsequent reduction by means of tributyltinhydride yields first the 9-deoxyderivative7 a and after hydrolysis the 9-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid7 b (5-N-acetyl amido-3,5,9-trideoxy-D-glycero-β-d-galacto-2-nonulopy-ranosidonic acid=9-Deoxy-Neu5Ac). Another synthesis of7 b follows the route8 f →8 g →7 c. The Deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid3 b could be prepared also by an alternative procedure using the methyl-β-8,9-methylethylen-4-O-t-butyldimethylsilyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid methylester8 a via the intermediate compounds8 d and8 e. Application of the 8,9-O-methylethyliden-N-acetylneuraminic acid derivative8 opens an approach to the xanthogenates8 a and8 b which could be reduced to the deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid derivatives9 a and10 a. Hydrolysis of10 a yields the 4,7-dideoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid10 b (5-N-acetamido-3,4,5,7-tetradeoxy-β-D-lyxo-2-nonulopyranosidonic acid=4,7-Dideoxy-Neu5Ac).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00810094
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On a conjecture of Nakai (1994)
    Springer
    Archiv der Mathematik 62 (1994), S. 506-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-8938
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01193737
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of hepatic epoxide hydrolase and glutathione S-transferase in rats by bis(dimethyldithiocarbamato) zinc (ziram) (1986)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 37 (1986), S. 53-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01607728
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro inactivation of hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenases from rats by dithiocarbamates with or without metals (1988)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 41 (1988), S. 540-547 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020998
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glass of the past: The degradation and deterioration of medieval glass artifacts (1991)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 104 (1991), S. 255-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: glass ; medieval artifact ; weathering ; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) ; secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) ; nuclear reaction analysis (NRA)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Medieval artifacts made of glass are at a serious disadvantage concerning the chemical stability compared with ancient or common modern glasses. The total amount of silica and other network formers such as alumina is very low and potassium instead of sodium was introduced into the silicate structure by using local raw material. By means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) a weathering mechanism governed by an ion exchange process could be determined for medieval glass paintings exposed to the ambient air for centuries. Additionally, the leached glass surface of medieval hollow glass artifacts found in a well and exposed to moist earth show a brown discoloring due to the oxidation of Mn(II) to Mn(IV) oxide. That process can be converted by a treatment of the glass objects in an aqueous hydrazine solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01245513
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Composition and magnetic properties of Fe/Fe x N thin film multilayers (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 54 (1992), S. 437-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 68.50 ; 75.70
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The structure, composition, and magnetic characteristics of thin films multilayers of iron-iron nitride with high magnetic moment and very low coercive field are investigated. The present study together with previous ones that described in detail the magnetic properties lead to the establishment of certain requirements to obtain iron-iron nitride multilayers with outstanding magnetic characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00324168
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Haplotype distribution and mutations at the PAH locus in Croatia (1992)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 90 (1992), S. 155-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) haplotypes and mutations at the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) locus have been studied in 25 unrelated families from Croatia. The results of RFLP analysis demonstrated that 80% of the mutant alleles were associated with three haplotypes (1, 2 and 4). Eight mutations were detected on the background of six mutant haplotypes, comprising 68% of phenylketonuria (PKU) alleles in Croatia. The mutation in codon 408 was most frequent, as was the haplotype 2 allele with which it was associated. These data are in accordance with formerly published population genetic analyses at the PAH locus, and with studies revealing the molecular basis of the phenotypic heterogeneity of PKU. The codon 281 mutation was more frequent in Croatia than previously observed in other populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210763
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coactivation of leg reflexes in the stick insect (1992)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 67 (1992), S. 369-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Each leg of a standing stick insect acts as a height controller. The leg contains several joints. Most of these joints are known to be controlled by feedback loops which are the basis of resistance reflexes (review Bässler 1983). This leads to the question of whether the resistance reflex of the whole leg can be understood as a simple, vectorial sum of the individual reflexes provided by the different joints, or whether additional properties emerge by simultaneous stimulation of several joints. Force measurements were performed while passively moving the middle leg tarsus of a fixed stick insect (Carausius morosus) stepwise to different positions. From the dynamic and static forces the torques developed by each joint were calculated. They were compared with the torques developed when only a single joint was moved by the same amount. The comparison shows that for a large range of positions there are no differences between both situations. Differences occur in two cases. First, the muscle system controlling the coxa-trochanter joint seems to be more strongly excited when the entire leg is moved than when only the one joint is moved. This change increases the linearity of the whole system for small deviations from the zero position. Second, the torque developed by the extensor tibiae system for negative steps (corresponding to increased body height), and the levator of coxa and trochanter for positive steps, decreases rather than increases when the whole leg is moved to extreme positions. This contributes to a decrease in the slope of the force-height characteristic and thus to a more non-linear behaviour of the whole system for the extreme positions. It is well known that the amplification factors of resistance reflexes in the leg show a large variation (Bässler 1972a; Kittmann 1991). Our results indicate that any change of the amplification factor influences the reflexes in all leg joints in the same way.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02414892
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microanalysis of art objects: Objectives, methods and results (1985)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 322 (1985), S. 181-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The potential of chemical and physical techniques for the study of art objects is discussed. It is shown that especially microtrace and surface analysis allows to gain important information on the structure and origin of materials, the authenticity of art objects, ageing and destruction process. Results of investigations of metallic objects, paintings, enamels, illuminated manuscripts and medieval glass paintings are presented.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Aussagefähigkeit chemischer und physikalischer Analysentechniken für das Studium von Kunstobjekten wird diskutiert. Dabei wird gezeigt, daß insbesondere die Mikro-, Spuren- und Oberflächenanalyse wichtige Informationen über Aufbau und Herkunft der verwendeten Materialien, die Originalität eines Objektes, sowie über Alterungs- und Zerstörungsprozesse liefern können. Es werden Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen von Metallobjekten, Gemälden, Email, illuminierten Handschriften und mittelalterlichen Glasgemälden vorgestellt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00517657
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative NRA and SIMS depth profiling of hydrogen in naturally weathered medieval glass (1988)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 331 (1988), S. 428-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary NRA and SIMS measurements were carried out with samples from naturally weathered medieval glass paintings in order to study the quantitative depth distribution of hydrogen in the surface layers. The major parts of the profiles show good agreements in shape and depth. Nevertheless, differences were observed in the near-surface region. It could be shown that proper attention has to be paid to the vacuum environment of the instruments and to sample preparation before evacuation in order to avoid evaporation of hydrogen containing species incorporated into the silicate structure during leaching or weathering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481921
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