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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (199)
  • General Chemistry  (173)
  • 1990-1994  (185)
  • 1985-1989  (168)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 118 (1985), S. 1031-1038 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: New Reagents, XXXII. Alkyldiphenylbismutanes: Synthesis, Properties, and HalogenolysisAlkyldiphenylbismutanes 1 have been synthesized for the first time (61-92%). These compounds are air sensitive, not spontaneously inflammable liquids which decompose not below ≍ 170°C. The diphenylbismutino group is a very good equivalent for Cl- or Br-substituents at aliphatic residues since halogenolysis of the Bi-Alk bond with SO2Cl2 or Br2 already occurs at -40 to 0°C (corresponding fissions of As-Alk and Sb-Alk bonds afford heating to ≍ 130 or ≍ 220°C).
    Notes: Erstmals konnten Alkyldiphenylbismutane 1 synthetisiert werden (61-92%). Es sind luftempfindliche, nicht selbstentzündliche Flüssigkeiten, die sich erst bei ≍ 170°C zersetzen. Die Diphenylbismutino-Gruppe ist ein sehr gutes Äquivalent für aliphatisch gebundenes Chlor oder Brom, da die Halogenolyse der Bi-Alk-Bindung mit SO2Cl2 oder Br2 bereits bei - 40 bis 0°C abläuft (entsprechende Spaltungen von As-Alk- und Sb-Alk-Bindungen erfolgen bei ≍ 130 bzw. ≍ 220°C).
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 118 (1985), S. 2044-2078 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 2,4-Diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Skeletons from cis-Benzene TrioxideBy treating cis-benzene trioxide (1) with guanidine in buffered tert-butyl alcohol solution the 1:1-adducts DL-(1α,2β,4β,5α,6α,10α)- 8-imino-3-oxa-7,9-diazatricyclo[4.3.1.02,4]decane-5,10-diol (13a) and DL-(1α,2α,3β,5β,6α,7α)- 9-imino-4-oxa-8,10-diazatricyclo[5.3.0.03,5]decane-2,6-diol (12a) resulting from 1,3(1,2)-bridging in 1 are obtained in 88 - 91% (9 - 12%) yields. Trifluoroacetamidine (acetamidine) is also selectively 1,3-added to 1. From 13a via generally regiospecific hydrolysis (26a), thiolysis (30a, d) ammonolysis (34a), hydrazinolysis (34d), and HCl-/HBr- addition (39a, c) access to highly functionalised 2,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivatives is opened. During the “ring-chain tautomerism” observed for 26a and 34d (28a, 36d) the adamantoid orthocarbonic acid intermediates (27a, 35d) cannot be identified directly. The spectroscopic structure elucidations (not always unequivocal because i.a. of conformational flexibility of the skeletons) are confirmed by X-ray structural analysis for 29f, 36e, 38, und 43.
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von cis-Benzoltrioxid (1) mit Guanidin in gepufferter tert-Butylalkohol-Lösung werden mit 88 - 91% (9 - 12%) Ausbeute die aus der 1,3(1,2)-Überbrückung in 1 hervorgehenden 1:1-Addukte DL-(1α,2β,4β,5α,6α,10α)- 8-Imino-3-oxa-7,9-diazatricyclo[4.3.1.02,4]decan5,10-diol (13a) und DL-(1α,2α,3β,5β,6α,7α)- 9-Imino-4-oxa-8,10-diazatricyclo[5.3.0.03,5]decan-2,6-diol (12a) gewonnen. Auch Trifluoracetamidin (Acetamidin) wird an 1 bevorzugt 1,3-addiert. Aus 13a gewinnt man durch jeweils regiospezifische Hydrolyse (26a), Thiolyse (30a, d), Ammonolyse (34a), Hydrazinolyse (34d) und HCl/HBr-Addition (39a, c) Zugang zu hochfunktionalisierten 2,4-Diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-Derivaten. Bei der für 26a und 34d beobachteten „Ring-Ketten-Tautomerie“ (28a, 36d) sind die adamantoiden Orthokohlensäure-Intermediate (27a, 35d) nicht nachweisbar. Die u. a. wegen der konformativen Flexibilität der Gerüste nicht immer eindeutigen spektroskopischen Strukturzuordnungen werden durch Röntgenstrukturanalysen für 29f, 36e, 38 und 43 gesichert.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Chemistry of Boron, 146 Reactions of Tetrazadiborinanes with Heterocumulenes: Pseudodipolar [2 + 3]-CycloadditionsCO2, COS, and CS2 scavenge the 1,3-dipolar unit \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm R'}\mathop {{\rm B - }}\limits^ \oplus {\rm NR - }\mathop {\rm N}\limits^{\rm \Theta } {\rm R} $\end{document} from the tetrazadiborinanes 3. [2 + 3]-Cycloadducts are formed in a pseudodipolar reaction, namely oxadiaza- and thiadiazaborolidines of type 7, 8 and 4. A reaction mechanism is suggested.  -  The thiadiazaborolidine 4b contains a planar five-membered ring according to an X-ray structure determination. Short BN, NN, and CN bond distances suggest a heteroaromatic ring system. High polarity is associated with the thioxo group. In contrast, the oxadiazaborolidinones 8a, b are in an equilibrium with their dimers in solution.
    Notes: CO2, COS und CS2 fangen aus den Tetrazadiborinanen 3e) den 1,3-Dipol \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm R'}\mathop {{\rm B - }}\limits^ \oplus {\rm NR - }\mathop {\rm N}\limits^{\rm \Theta } {\rm R} $\end{document} ab. In einer pseudodipolaren Reaktion bilden sich als [2 + 3]-Cycloaddukte die Oxadiaza- und Thiadiazaborolidine 7, 8 und 4. Ein Reaktionsmechanismus wird diskutiert.  -  Nach Röntgenstrukturanalyse enthält 4b einen planaren Fünfring. Kurze BN-, NN- und CN-Abstände legen ein heteroaromatisches System nahe, wobei der Thioxo-Gruppe eine erhebliche Polarität zuzuweisen ist. Die Oxadiazaborolidinone 8a, b stehen in Lösung im Gleichgewicht mit ihrem Dimeren.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 120 (1987), S. 735-745 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The results of semiempirical MNDO calculations on bond lengths, heats of formation, and net atomic charges of compounds 6, 7, and 8, which all contain an N-alkylpyridinium moiety (see Table 1), allow general trends to be recognized. These trends allow the prediction of important reactivity characteristics of this series of compounds and were the reason for the synthesis of compounds 9, 24, and 26 and for tests of their usefulness. Specifically, the C1-N2 bond length serves as a useful criterion for the reactivity with nucleophilic partners, especially in combination with thermodynamic data calculated from reactions (3) and (4) (Tables 3 and 4). In 7 and 8, this bond is very long as a consequence of an extreme anomeric effect. This observation is reflected in the (experimentally tested) property of the complexes 9 to split off the pyridine moiety. The Cl atom in 6a does not influence the C1-N2 bond length but it does activate the C1 atom toward nucleophilic attack and can itself function as the leaving group [see eq. (10)]. - A remarkable example, both on the basis of the MNDO results (using the model compound 6i) and from the experimental viewpoint, was observed for the class of compounds 24a. The calculated C1-N2 bond length of 6i (1.563 Å) could be classified as adequate for nucleophilic substitution of the pyridine moiety controlled by the anomeric effect on the basis of experimental tests. Whereas “normal” N-alkylpyridinium salts (e.g. the N-methylpyridinium cation, 6b) are hardly ever attacked in the C1 position, the preparative usefulness of this structural element can now be considerably increased by use of the anomeric effect. This is demonstrated by the synthesis of compounds 5, 9h, 17, and 22 from 9, 25a and 25b from 24a as well as 27a from 26a.
    Notes: Ergebnisse aus semiempirischen (MNDO)-Berechnungen der Bindungslängen, Bildungsenergeien und Überschußladungen solcher Verbindungsklassen 6, 7 und 8, die als gemeinsames Strukturelement einen N-Alkylpyridinium-Molekülteil besitzen (vgl. Tab. 1), lassen allgemeingültige Trends erkennen, mit deren Hilfe wichtige Reaktivitätsmerkmale dieser Reihe vorhergesagt werden können und somit Anlaß zur gezielten Herstellung der Beispiele 9, 24 und 26 und deren erste Verwendungstests waren: Insbesondere die C1-N2-Bindungslänge kann bei Umsetzungen mit nucleophilen Reaktionspartnern - bei zusätzlicher Berücksichtigung der entsprechend Gl. (3) und (4) berechneten thermodynamischen Daten (Tab. 3 und Tab. 4) - als ein zuverlässiges Beurteilungskriterium dienen. Diese Bindung ist in 7 und 8 infolge eines extremen anomeren Effekts sehr lang, ein Befund, der sich in der (experimentell überprüften) Eigenschaft der Komplexe 9, den Pyridiniumteil besonders leicht abzuspalten, widerspiegelt. Das Cl-Atom in 6a ist auf die genannte Bindungslänge ohne Einfluß, es erleichtert jedoch den nucleophilen Angriff auf das C1-Zentrum und kann selbst zur Abgangsgruppe werden [vgl. Gl. (10)]. - Ein sowohl aufgrund der MNDO-Ergebnisse (Berechnung des Modells 6i) als auch aus experimenteller Sicht bemerkenswertes Beispiel manifestiert sich als Konsequenz dieser überlegungen in der Substanzklasse 24a: Die berechneten C1-N2-Bindungslänge von 6i (1.563 Å) konnte durch experimentelle Tests [G1. (9)] als hinreichend für die durch den anomeren Effekt gesteuerte nucleophile Substitution des Pyridiniumteils in 24a klassifiziert werden. Während also “normale” N-Alkyl-pyridiniumsalze (z. B. das N-Methylpyridinium-Kation 6b) kaum an der C1-Position angreifbar sind, kann durch gezielte Ausnutzung des anomeren Effekts das präparative Anwendungsspektrum dieses Strukturelements nunmehr deutlich erweitert werden (hier umrissen durch die Herstellung der Verbindungen 5, 9h, 17 und 22 aus 9, 25a und 25b aus 24a sowie 27a aus 26a).
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 121 (1988), S. 2179-2185 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: New Three- and Sixfold Bridged Phenylogous CyclophanesThe syntheses of the threefold bridged cyclophanes 4, 5, of the sixfold bridged cyclophane 6, and of the triple-layered cyclophanes 7, 8 are reported. The yields have been optimized by variation of the reaction conditions and by use of the cesium effect. The enantiomer resolution of 7 and the X-ray structural analysis of 4 are discussed.
    Notes: Die dreifach verbrückten Cyclophane 4, 5, das sechsfach verbrückte Phan 6 und die Tripeldecker-Verbindungen 7, 8 werden beschrieben. Die Ausbeuten werden durch Variation verschiedener Bedingungen und durch den Cäsium-Effekt optimiert. Die Enantiomerentrennung von 7 und die Röntgen-Kristallstrukturanalyse von 4 werden mitgeteilt.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 122 (1989), S. 119-122 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Bis(phosphonium) salts ; Pyridylphosphonium salts, tri-n-butyl- and triphenyl- ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chemistry of Triphenyl-(or Tri-n-butyl-)pyridylphosphonium salts, 2. - 2,4-Pyridinediylbis(phosphonium) Salts2,4-Pyridinediylbis(phosphonium) salts 1 react with nucleophiles to give 4-substituted products 6-8. Under radical reaction conditions the 5-position in 1a is attacked to yield 9. sodium azide transforms 1a into 8. This salt is used as starting material for 11. The removal of the phosphonium groups in 1 and in the resulting products can be carried out selectively.
    Notes: 2,4-Pyridindiylbis(phosphoniumsalze) 1 lassen sich mit nucleophilen Reaktionspartnern in die 4-substituierten Produkte 6-8 überführen. Unter radikalischen Bedingungen wird selektiv die 5-Position in 1a unter Bildung von 9 angegriffen. Nach Umsetzung mit Natriumazid entsteht zunächst das Salz 8, das als Ausgangsverbindung für 11 dient. Die Substitution der Phosphoniumgruppen aus den Edukten 1 und Produkten kann selektiv durchgeführt werden.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 123 (1990), S. 375-379 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Cyclophanes / Hostguest chemistry / Macrocyclic compounds / Phanes / Supramolecular chemistry ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New Watersoluble Macrobicyclic CavitiesThe watersoluble macrobicyclic compounds 1, 3, 5a, and 5b have been synthesized for the first time bearing large endolipophilic cavities of different sizes and shapes. They were studied with respect to their interactions towards lipophilic guest compounds. The “in/out” isomerism of the hitherto largest endolipophilic cavities 4a, 4b, 5a, and 5b has been investigated by 1H-, 13C-NMR spectroscopy and FAB mass spectrometry. The absence of significant 1H-NMR high-field shifts in hostguest studies is attributed to the rigidity of cavities 1 and 3, whilst the isomeric cavities 5a and 5b contain very large openings. Orientational fluorescence spectroscopy investigations, however, suggest hostguest interactions of the isomers 5a and 5b with ammonium 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate (8,1-ANS).
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 123 (1990), S. 859-867 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Crown compounds / Host-guest chemistry / Macropentacyclic compounds / Phanes / Supramolecular chemistry ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Pentamacrocyclic Tris-Crown Hosts. - Selective Binding of Cationic, Anionic, and Neutral Guest CompoundsThe tris-crown host compounds 1-4 were synthesized for the first time. The X-ray crystal structures of 2 and of the 1:3 complex of 1 and KSCN were determined. Whereas in the free crown 2 a less well preorganized molecular cavity is encountered, in the complex of 1 with KSCN one potassium ion is bound to each crown ether unit. One of the three SCN- anions is situated in the interior of the cavity and in addition is disordered in such a way as to be bound to the K+ using partially the S atom of the SCN- ion. Organic guest molecules like 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,5-, 2,6-, and 2,7-naphthalenediol as well as β-naphthol in acidic water solution are bound selectively in the interior of the cavities of the host molecules 2 and 3, but not by 1 and 4, the cavities of which seem to be too small and too large, respectively. In contrast, the binding of α-naphthol and of smaller phenolic guest molecules like phenol, resorcinol, pyrocatechol, phloroglucinol, pyrogallol, and 1,2,4-trihydroxy-benzene with the host 1-4 is much less pronounced (1H- NMR highfield shifts).
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 123 (1990), S. 1097-1103 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Bond formation, C-C ; Iron complexes ; Macrocycles ; Molecular tweezers ; Naphthalenophane ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Preorganized Bis-ethynes: Molecular π-Tweezers?1,8-Bis[(arylethynylphenyl)]naphthalenes of type V (e.g. 10, 11) and 1,8-bis[(arylethenylphenyl)]naphthalenes (6, 6a, 7, 7a) were synthesized for the first time. In contrast to the known 1,8-bis(arylethynyl)naphthalenes VI their “stereologs” 10 and 11 are thermally stabile. Yet they react with pentacarbonyliron to yield dinuclear transition metal complexes of the type 12, 13, i.e. a strained cyclophane macrocycle is formed by C-C bond formation. The X-ray analysis of the di-tert-butyl compound 11 shows that the peri substituents diverge, but with increasing distance from the naphthalene skeleton one of the arylethynyl units is bent to the opposite direction (Figure 2). The question whether the new molecular skeleton V can be viewed as molecular tweezers is discussed: as the hydrocarbons react irreversibly with transition metal carbonyls, they may rather be taken as “tweezers for single use”.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 123 (1990), S. 2445-2447 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Key Words: Cyclophane ; Pyridinophane ; Polyene ; Macrocycle ; Kharash coupling reaction ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The new pyridinophanetetraene 4 has been prepared in a two-step synthesis by a modified Kharash coupling reaction of 2,6-bis[3-lithio-(E)-styryl]pyridine with copper(II) chloride. Starting from isomerically pure 2,6-bis[3-bromo-(E)-styryl]pyridine (3), the cyclization reaction takes place without rearrangement of the stilbazole double bonds. The electronic spectrum of 4 shows characteristic differences when compared to that of its open-chain analogue 2,6-bis[(E)-styryl]pyridine (7).
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