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  • AERODYNAMICS  (11)
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (7)
  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (6)
  • Binding Sites
  • ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND CIRCUITS
  • 1990-1994  (16)
  • 1985-1989  (9)
  • 1965-1969  (7)
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  • 1
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    Zinc mediation of the binding of human growth hormone to the human prolactin receptor (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1990-12-21
    Beschreibung: Human growth hormone (hGH) elicits a diverse set of biological activities including lactation that derives from binding to the prolactin (PRL) receptor. The binding affinity of hGH for the extracellular binding domain of the hPRL receptor (hPRLbp) was increased about 8000-fold by addition of 50 micromolar ZnCl2. Zinc was not required for binding of hGH to the hGH binding protein (hGHbp) or for binding of hPRL to the hPRLbp. Other divalent metal ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, and Co2+) at physiological concentrations did not support such strong binding. Scatchard analysis indicated a stoichiometry of one Zn2+ per hGH.hPRLbp complex. Mutational analysis showed that a cluster of three residues (His18, His21, and Glu174) in hGH and His188 from the hPRLbp (conserved in all PRL receptors but not GH receptors) are probable Zn2+ ligands. This polypeptide hormone.receptor "zinc sandwich" provides a molecular mechanism to explain why nonprimate GHs are not lactogenic and offers a molecular link between zinc deficiency and its association with altered functions of hGH.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cunningham, B C -- Bass, S -- Fuh, G -- Wells, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Dec 21;250(4988):1709-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Protein Engineering, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2270485" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Chlorides/*pharmacology ; Growth Hormone/*metabolism ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; Plasmids ; Protein Conformation ; Receptors, Prolactin/drug effects/genetics/*metabolism ; Restriction Mapping ; Zinc/metabolism/*pharmacology ; *Zinc Compounds
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Dimerization of human growth hormone by zinc (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1991-08-02
    Beschreibung: Size-exclusion chromatography and sedimentation equilbrium studies demonstrated that zinc ion (Zn2+) induced the dimerization of human growth hormone (hGH). Scatchard analysis of 65Zn2+ binding to hGH showed that two Zn2+ ions associate per dimer of hGH in a cooperative fashion. Cobalt (II) can substitute for Zn2+ in the hormone dimer and gives a visible spectrum characteristic of cobalt coordinated in a tetrahedral fashion by oxygen- and nitrogen-containing ligands. Replacement of potential Zn2+ ligands (His18, His21, and Glu174) in hGH with alanine weakened both Zn2+ binding and hGH dimer formation. The Zn(2+)-hGH dimer was more stable than monomeric hGH to denaturation in guanidine-HCl. Formation of a Zn(2+)-hGH dimeric complex may be important for storage of hGH in secretory granules.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cunningham, B C -- Mulkerrin, M G -- Wells, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Aug 2;253(5019):545-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Protein Engineering, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1907025" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Chromatography, Gel ; Edetic Acid/pharmacology ; Growth Hormone/*metabolism ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Macromolecular Substances ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Denaturation ; Spectrophotometry ; Zinc/metabolism/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Dimerization of the extracellular domain of the human growth hormone receptor by a single hormone molecule (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1991-11-08
    Beschreibung: Human growth hormone (hGH) forms a 1:2 complex with the extracellular domain of its receptor-binding protein (hGHbp) as studied by crystallization, size exclusion chromatography, calorimetry, and a previously undescribed fluorescence quenching assay. These and other experiments with protein engineered variants of hGH have led to the identification of the binding determinants for two distinct but adjacent sites on hGH for the hGHbp, and the data indicated that there are two overlapping binding sites on the hGHbp for hGH. Furthermore, the binding of hGH to the hGHbp occurred sequentially; a first hGHbp molecule bound to site 1 on hGH and then a second hGHbp bound to site 2. Hormone-induced receptor dimerization is proposed to be relevant to the signal transduction mechanism for the hGH receptor and other related cytokine receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cunningham, B C -- Ultsch, M -- De Vos, A M -- Mulkerrin, M G -- Clauser, K R -- Wells, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Nov 8;254(5033):821-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Protein Engineering, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1948064" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Binding Sites ; Chromatography, Gel ; Growth Hormone/*metabolism ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Macromolecular Substances ; Models, Structural ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Protein Conformation ; Receptors, Somatotropin/genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    A designed peptide ligase for total synthesis of ribonuclease A with unnatural catalytic residues (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-10-14
    Beschreibung: An engineered variant of subtilisin BPN', termed subtiligase, which efficiently ligates esterified peptides in aqueous solution, was used for the complete synthesis of ribonuclease (RNase) A that contains unnatural catalytic residues. Fully active RNase A (124 residues long) was produced in milligram quantities by stepwise ligation of six esterified peptide fragments (each 12 to 30 residues long) at yields averaging 70 percent per ligation. Variants of RNase A were produced in which the catalytic histidines at positions 12 and 119 were substituted with the unnatural amino acid 4-fluorohistidine, which has a pKa of 3.5 compared to 6.8 for histidine. Large changes in the profile of the pH as it affects rate occurred for the single and double mutants with surprisingly little change in the kcat for either the RNA cleavage or hydrolysis steps. The data indicate that these imidazoles function as general acids and bases, but that the proton transfer steps are not rate-limiting when the imidazoles are present in their correct protonation states. These studies indicate the potential of subtiligase for the blockwise synthesis of large proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jackson, D Y -- Burnier, J -- Quan, C -- Stanley, M -- Tom, J -- Wells, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 14;266(5183):243-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Protein Engineering, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7939659" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Esterification ; Histidine/analogs & derivatives/analysis ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Nucleotides, Cyclic/metabolism ; Protein Engineering/*methods ; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/*chemical synthesis/chemistry/isolation & purification ; Subtilisins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Uridine Monophosphate/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    The age of the meteorite recovery surfaces of Roosevelt County, New Mexico, USA (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-24
    Beschreibung: We have obtained minimum age estimates for the sand units underlying the two largest meteorite deflation surfaces in Roosevelt County, New Mexico, USA, using thermoluminescence dating techniques. The dates obtained ranged from 53.5 (+/- 5.4) to 95.2 (+/- 9.5) ka, and must be considered lower limits for the terrestrial ages of the meteorites found within these specific deflation surfaces. These ages greatly exceed previous measurements from adjacent meteorite-producing deflation basins. We find that Roosevelt County meteorites are probably terrestrial contemporaries of the meteorites found at most accumulation zones in Antarctica. The apparent high meteorite accumulation rate reported for Roosevelt County by Zolensky et al. (1990) is incorrect, as it used an age of 16 ka for all Roosevelt County recovery surfaces. We conclude that the extreme variability of terrestrial ages of the Roosevelt County deflation surfaces effectively precludes their use for calculations of the meteorite accumulation rate at the Earth's surface.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Meteoritics (ISSN 0026-1114); 27; 4; p. 460-462.
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  • 6
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    Meridional Martian water abundance profiles during the 1988-1989 season (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: The Martian southern hemisphere atmospheric water vapor column abundance measurements reported agree with Viking Orbiter atmospheric water detectors during early southern spring and southern autumnal equinox; profiles obtained in southern mid- and late summer, however, indicate the presence of twice as much water both in the southern hemisphere and planetwide. This discrepancy is accounted for by the high optical depths created by two global dust storms during the Viking year, while the present observations were obtained in the case of the relatively dust-free atmosphere of the 1988-1989 opposition.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035); 90; 205-213
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  • 7
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    Wind-tunnel based definition of the AFE aerothermodynamic environment (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-24
    Beschreibung: The Aeroassist Flight Experiment (AFE), scheduled to be performed in 1994, will serve as a precursor for aeroassisted space transfer vehicles (ASTV's) and is representative of entry concepts being considered for missions to Mars. Rationale for the AFE is reviewed briefly as are the various experiments carried aboard the vehicle. The approach used to determine hypersonic aerodynamic and aerothermodynamic characteristics over a wide range of simulation parameters in ground-based facilities is presented. Facilities, instrumentation and test procedures employed in the establishment of the data base are discussed. Measurements illustrating the effects of hypersonic simulation parameters, particularly normal-shock density ratio (an important parameter for hypersonic blunt bodies), and attitude on aerodynamic and aerothermodynamic characteristics are presented, and predictions from computational fluid dynamic (CFD) computer codes are compared with measurement.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: In: Advances in hypersonics. Vol. 1 - Defining the hypersonic environment (A94-10776 01-02); p. 109-181.
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  • 8
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    The accumulation rate of meteorite falls at the earth's surface - The view from Roosevelt County, New Mexico (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: The discovery of 154 meteorite fragments within an 11-sq km area of wind-excavated basins in Roosevelt County, New Mexico, permits a new calculation of the accumulation rate of meteorite falls at the earth's surface. Thermoluminescence dating of the coversand unit comprising the prime recovery surface suggests the maximum terrestrial age of the meteorites to be about 16.0 ka. The 68 meteorite fragments subjected to petrological analyses represent a minimum of 49 individual falls. Collection bias has largely excluded carbonaceous chondrites and achondrites, requiring the accumulation rate derived from the recovered samples to be increased by a factor of 1.25. Terrestrial weathering destroying ordinary chondrites can be modeled as a first-order decay process with an estimated half-life of 3.5 + or - 1.9 ka on the semiarid American High Plains. Having accounted for the age of the recovery surface, area of field searches, pairing of finds, collection bias and weathering half-life, an accumulation rate of 940 falls/a per 10 to the 6th sq km is calculated for falls greater than 10 g total mass. This figure exceeds the best-constrained previous estimate by more than an order of magnitude. One possible reason for this disparity may be the extraordinary length of the fall record preserved in the surficial geology of Roosevelt County. The high accumulation rate determined for the past 16 ka may point to the existence of periods when the meteorite fall rate was significantly greater than at present.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Meteoritics (ISSN 0026-1114); 25; 11-17
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  • 9
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    Atlas of reflectance spectra of terrestrial, lunar, and meteoritic powders and frosts from 92 to 1800 nm (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: The spectra of samples of several powder and frost materials are presented to serve in a reference database for future far-UV scans of solar system bodies. The spectra cover in the 92-1800 nm wavelengths, i.e., wavenumbers 110,000-5600/cm and photon energies from 13.5-1.5 eV. Preparation procedures for the particulates are delineated. The survey includes feldspars, orthopyroxenes, clinopyroxenes, olivines, assorted minerals, achondrites, carbonaceous chondrites and ordinary chondrites, lunar soils and rocks. Frosts of H2O, CO2, NH3 and SO2 gases were also examined. The data are expected to aid in obtaining spectral matches for asteroids and meteoroids when far-UV telescopy of solar system bodies is performed.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035); 69; 14-28
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  • 10
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    First results of GPS time transfer to Australia (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-10-02
    Beschreibung: A Global Positioning System time transfer unit built by NBS under contract to JPL was installed at Tidbinbilla Deep Space Communications Complex of the NASA Deep Space Network in June 1983. It has been used to estimate the relationship to UTC(USNO MC) of the Tidbinbilla frequency and time system TID(FTS) based on a hydrogen maser, and thence to estimate the performance of the Australian free-running time scale UTC(AUS). Data from the first three months has been analyzed three ways: by two-hop common view using JPL as intermediary; by long-arc interpolation of measurements against space vehicle clocks; and by long-arc interpolation of GPS-Time results. Residuals from a single quadratic fit through three months of UTC(USNO MC) - TID (FTS) results were white noise with standard error 15 ns, and a flying clock measurement gave 70 ns agreement. A straight line fit through results UTC(USNO MC) - UTC (AUS) gave 90 ns standard error and 120 bns agreement. It is proposed to use the GPS measurements to steer UTS(AUS) to UTC(BIH), and to rename the existing time scale TA(AUS).
    Schlagwort(e): INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Materialart: NRL Pro. of the 15th Ann. Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Appl. and Planning Meeting; p 87-112
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